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The research analysed the current status and pollution treatment research review from municipal refuse output, waste physical component, hazards, heavy metal pollution. On the basis of overall understand of current treatment situation about main municipal refuse landfill site of Fujian province. By the simulated test, utilizing 7 kinds of physical adsorbents (zeolite, incineration ashes, slag, plant ash, charcoal, ochre, active carbon), 4 kinds of chemical flocculant FeSO_4, AlCl_3, FeCl_3, Al_2(SO_4_3, and 3 kinds of hyclrophytes, we carried through the pollution removing study of heavy metal in landfill leachate and discussed removing effect of different physical adsorbents, chemical flocculant and hyclrophytes.

并在对福建省主要城市生活垃圾的处理现状全面了解基础上，通过室内模拟试验，分别利用7种物理吸附剂(沸石、焚烧灰、炉灰、草木灰、木炭、赭石、活性炭)、4种化学絮凝剂FeSO_4、AlCl_3、FeCl_3、 Al_2(SO_4_3和3种水生植物进行垃圾渗滤液中重金属的污染去除研究，比较不同物理吸附剂、化学絮凝剂和水生植物对垃圾渗滤液重金属污染的去除效果，试图从中筛选出治理成本低和治理效果好的城市垃圾渗滤液重金属污染修复技术，供南方城市垃圾处理场推广应用。

The full text is total to is divided into four chapter:Chapter 1, the relevant concept of the listed company results evaluation, that is the other the theories foundation of the chapter, and do the foul to the textual evaluation angle settle;Chapter 2, the results evaluation index sign and the index sign system, the original index sign system of comprehensive evaluation of information formation that that choice listed company publish, and introduced the in common use index sign to sieve to endow with the method of the power with index sign;Chapter 3, the comprehensive results evaluation method, this is the foundation that carries on chapter 4, that carry on theories in chapter 2 fusion, became two kinds of comprehensive evaluation methods, and carried on the des cription to the operation step of a method;Chapter 4, the substantial evidence is analytical, this is the point of the full text, the collections combines the data of tidy up the listed company, making use of two kinds of methods within chapter 3s respectively, carry on synthesize to rank, and get two kinds of methods to rank the result to look like the consistent conclusion.

全文共分四章：第一章，上市公司绩效评价的有关概念，该章是其它章节的理论基础，并对本文的评价角度做出界定；第二章，绩效评价指标及指标体系，该章选择上市公司披露的信息形成综合评价的原始指标体系，并介绍了常用的指标筛选和指标赋权的方法；第三章，综合绩效评价方法，这是进行第四章的基础，该章将第二章中的理论进行融合，形成了两种综合评价方法，并对每种方法的操作步骤进行了描述；第四章，实证分析，这是全文的重点，收集并整理上市公司的数据资料，分别利用第三章中的两种方法，进行综合排名，并得到两种方法排名结果近似一致的结论。

Specifically, itcontains 8 chapters.In chapter 1, the formation, structures, properties and the futureprospect of liposome were thoroughly reviewed;In chapter 2, the stibility and permeability of phopholipid -eleostericacid liposome were studied together with the effect of polymerizationof eleostearic acid. This membrane system was very sensitive to 〓,the effect of 〓 was clarified to increase the aggregation/fusion ofliposomes and made the permeability of mixed liposomes much higher;In chapter 3, two polymerizable conjugated diyne bolaamphiphiles were synthesized. They could form very stable mixed liposome, andthe diyne could be polymerized by UV light in bilayer liposomes, as aresult, the stability of mixed liposome against solvent or surfactantafter polymerization were enhanced. In chapter 4, two kinds of amphiphilic amino acids were synthesized andstable liposomes were formed therefrom After the condensationpolymerization of amino acid in bilayer liposomes, stable polypeptide liposomes were obtained, which had lower phase transition temperatureand higher permeability.In chapter 5, four kinds of glycolipids were synthesized and theiraggregation behavior in water was comparied. When incorporated intophospholipid bilayer membranes, they could increase the phase transitiontemperatures and inhibit the aggregation and fusion of mixedliposomesat lower temperature.In chapter 6 and 7, three kinds of steroidal bolaamphiphiles withdifferent chain lengths were synthesized. Incorporation of steroidalmoiety to the center of lipid bilayer membrane obviously increased themobility of lipid membrane and shifted Tc to lower temperature side incomparasion with cholesterol. The bolaamphiphile which was shorter thanthe hosted lipid bilayer membrane thickness influenced the lipid packingmore obviously.

全文共分8章：第一章对脂质体的形成、结构、性质及展望进行了较为详细的文献综述；第二章研究了磷脂-桐酸脂质体的稳定性，通透能力及桐酸的聚合对这些性质的影响；磷脂-桐酸混合脂质体为一类对〓灵敏的脂质体，〓的作用首先是使脂质体集聚然后使脂质体融合，并加速内包荧光物的释放；第三章通过合成两种可聚合共轭双炔双极性双亲分子DDCA，DDOL，研究了共双炔分子在双分子层脂质体膜上的聚合及对脂质体性质的影响，聚合可以提高脂质体相对于溶剂及表面活性剂的稳定性；第四章合成了两类氨基酸为极性基团的双亲分子，它们均可以在超声下形成稳定的脂质体结构；氨基酸基团可以在脂质体上进行缩聚反应，若聚合后脂质体表面仍有足够的亲水能力，则可得到稳定的多肽型脂质体；聚合后脂质体的相变温度降低，通透能力增加；第五章合成了四种亲水基团为单糖基的双亲分子GL-l，GL-2，GL-3， GL-4，研究了它们在水中的分散情况、集合体形态与分子结构的关系；在DMPC双分子层膜中加入糖脂分子可以使脂质体的相变温度提高，阻止脂质体在低温放置时的集聚与融合；第六章-第七章合成了三种不同碳链长度的双极性含胆甾环双亲分子 CL-1，CL-2，CL-3；它们可以象胆固醇一样与磷脂混合形成稳定脂质体，胆甾环基团位于脂质体双分子层膜的中间；与胆固醇的作用相反，它们可以增加磷脂双分子层膜的流动性，降低混合脂质体的相变温度；三种分子的作用与其碳链长度和磷脂双分子层膜的厚度有关，比膜厚度短的分子影响最大。

The results showed: Fragilaria brevistriata had the highest average difference in temperature to respond to heavy metals, it was 0.24 ℃ that was 0.05 ℃ high more 0.19 ℃ of together average difference in temperature of eight kinds of algae to respond to heavy metals; The percent of Fragilaria brevistriata responding better to the reagents was 80% that was the highest in eight kinds of algae; The average response time of Fragilaria brevistriata responding to the reagents was 4.65 min that was low more 5.21 min of together average response time of eight kinds of algae; Fragilaria brevistriata' sensitivity was between 0.06 mgL^(-1) and 7.0 mgL^(-1), and the luminescent bacteria' sensitivity was between 0.07 mgL^(-1) and 15.3 mgL^(-1), so Fragilaria brevistriata had lower dose to respond to the heavy metals.

结果表明：平均响应温差短线脆杆藻最大，为0.24℃，高出8种藻的0.19℃总平均温差0.05℃；较好药品响应率短线脆杆藻最高，为80%；平均响应时间短线脆杆藻居中，为4.65min，低于8种藻的总平均响应时间5.21min；短线脆杆藻对重金属的灵敏度在0.06~7.0mgL^(-1)之间，发光细菌在0.07~15.3mgL^(-1)之间，表明短线脆杆藻对重金属响应的剂量低。

Kinds of collections of fermented foods;②subculture technics of collections of fermented foods;③disposal and fermentable preparation of fermented materials;④metabolism and metabolic control of microbic fermentation;⑤technics and detections of kinds of fermented foods;⑥separations and distillations of fermented foods;⑦typic clarifications of kinds of fermented foods fully.

主要内容有：①各类发酵食品的菌种；②发酵食品菌种的扩大培养技术；③发酵原料的处理与制备工艺；④微生物发酵的代谢及调控；⑤发酵类食品的生产工艺及产品的检测；⑥发酵食品的分离提取等；⑦对各类发酵食品的典型实例作全面的阐述

Moreover, the actual allele frequency of most varieties deviates far from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. All PPB、na 、I、h、Gi and Fst have proved to be the references to elucidate that ISSR is a most powerful tool to analyze genetic diversity, compared with the RAPD marker and the allozyme marker is less strong ordinally. We could divided the 70 samples into A, B, C, D and E five groups using three methods according to genetic distance clustering. There is a bit displacement for few varieties in different clustering maps, but the most are similar to morphological analysis despite that there is still a great difference among cultivars in the same one group. The above results imply that the three methods have the different sensitivity and resolution in genetic distance analysis of close varieties. The Mantel test indicates that the results from the three kinds of markers have the significant correlation, which demonstrates that the number of the used three kinds of markers is enough to exactly detect the diversity of all 70 samples to ideal extent. And these methods can be used to evaluate the diversity of the whole group using the miscellaneous samples instead of the individual sample, of the Gerbera jamesonii are mainly from tissue culture plants. In conclusion, the above study results provide a reference for the application of three kinds of molecular markers to molecular marker-assisted breeding of flower. 2. The genetic diversity among the eight introduced cut-flower varieties of Ranunculus asiatica was analyzed by the ISSR markers. Based on the genetic clustering tree, all the colorful flower varieties are clustered into one group, and the white flower varieties into another group. Moreover, among the former group the yellow flower varieties are clustered into one sub-group, and the reddish flower varieties, such as rose color, pink, nacarat, are clusetered into another sub-group.

由三种分子标记的分析结果可以看出，等位基因平均值、观察杂合度、Fis值、Fit值皆较高，表明非洲菊等位基因较丰富，杂合基因偏多，且绝大部份品种的实际等位基因频率在品种内偏离了Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium；PP8、na、Ⅰ、h、Gi及Fst皆表明，ISSR检测遗传多样性的能力最强，其次是RAPD，等位酶最低；根据遗传距离进行聚类，三种方法都把70个品种分成A、B、C、D、E五个大组，每一组中除少数品种发生位移外，大部份品种分类结果相似，且与形态分析结果有相似性，但在每一组中，品种间的聚类差别较大，表明这三种方法在近距离品种间检测遗传变异时灵敏度及分辨力不同；Mantel检测表明，三种标记的分析结果有显著相关性，表明所用的三种分子方法的标记数量已经可以相对无偏地检测到70个品种间遗传变异；非洲菊为组培苗，三种标记的检测结果皆表明，混合样品可以作为个体样品的代表，对整个居群的遗传多样性进行评价；这些研究结果可为三种分子标记方法在花卉分子辅助育种中的进一步应用提供借鉴。

The aim of this experiment is to determine the amount of berberine in 12 kinds of crude plants of Coptis and 16 kinds of Phellodendron and 49 kinds of drug preparations which have Coptis and Phellodendron or one of both sold in Taiwan mark now.

本实验的目的系针对台湾目前市场出售之黄连、黄蘗中药材及其制剂作一普遍的抽样调查，以明了其所含小蘗量之差异。

Using of the data from interview and discussion forum to do discourse analysis, and also the theories of community of practice and sociation as the searchlight, to explores how the two kinds of members, proactive and ins and outs who have different contributions takes what he needs to enable both sides to continue online learning, and how, through dialogue and negotiation to collaborate and achieve their common consensus; before the decision-making process of co-authorship in the end of the activity, the bids between the two kinds of person reflected what kinds of power issues and values?

利用访谈稿和讨论区资料做言谈分析，同时采用实践社群和社型理论为探照镜，揭露参与心和实践力落差下的两类组员，守家者和断续参与者，如何各取所需的结合，使双方愿意持续上线学习；又怎麼透过对话协商，取得合作时的共识和默契；最后一周共同作者敲定前的喊价拉锯，组员们对彼此的向心力和贡献度下注解的历程，反映了什麼样的权力议题和价值观？

This paper compared two kinds of rose families sorbus of different effective spots of total flavonids content. We get a better process of total flavonoids abstraction from the branch of Sorbus tianschanica,.Under the best process of total flavnoids ,two flavnoids were isolated from them. Preliminary affirmed two kinds of compounds belong to flavanone, two kinds of structure just substituent had a dissimilarity separately. This thesis was a part of a national natural science fund to subsidize.

除此，本论文还对新疆天山花楸的枝干总黄酮的提取工艺进行了研究，得到了最佳提取工艺，在最佳提取工艺的条件下对新疆天山花楸的枝干进行了系统的提取和硅胶柱层析，得到两种化合物，初步认定两种化合物属于二氢黄酮类，两种化合物的结构相似，只是个别取代基有所不同，本论文是国家自然科学基金资助项目。

Bycomprehensive use of phytochemical isolation methods, 37 compounds were isolated 5from the methnol-chloroform extract of P. telfairia, by methods of modern spectroscopy,six compounds' structures were elucidated, including 2 kinds of fatty acids, 2 kinds ofsterols and 2 kinds of are esters of sterol and fatty acids. Five of them were reported forthe first time on the chemical constituents' research of P. telfairia. Otherwise, weperformed GC-MS analysis of the volatile fraction in this extracts, the result revealedseveral constituents such as alkyl hydrocarbons and methyl esters of fatty acids.

综合利用各种植物化学分离手段，从海头红的甲醇-氯仿（1 ：1）提取物中分离到单体化合物 37 个，采用多种现代波谱技术手段鉴定了其中 6 个化合物的结构，包括 2 个脂肪酸类成分，2 个甾醇类成分，以及 2 个甾醇的脂肪酸酯，其中 5 个在海头红化学成分研究中为首次报道；另外还对该提取物的挥发性成分作了 GC-MS 分析，显示含有烷烃及脂肪酸甲酯等成分。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。