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objective:to investigate the influence of soybean isoflavones on the antioxidative effect and improving the ability of study and memory in climacteric rats.methods:forty-eight female sd climacteric rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with one control group and the other low,medium and high dose groups,which were given soybean isoflavones 0 mg/kg.bw,42 mg/kg.bw,83 mg/kg.bw and 249 mg/kg.bw by superalimentation daily for 60 days respectively.the levels of sod,gsh-px and mda in serum were measured,and the ability of study and memory in each group was deterimined by adopting the law of diving platform.results:the content of serum mda in medium and high dose groups was lower than that in control group.the activity of serum gsh-px im medium and high dose groups was significantly increased,so was the activity of serum sod in low,medium and high dose groups.conclusion:soybean isoflavones do have the obvious effect of antioxidation,and improve the ability of study and memory effectively in female sd climacteric rats.

目的：观察大豆异黄酮对更年期雌性sd大鼠抗氧化作用及学习记忆的影响。方法：选用健康更年期雌性sd大鼠，随机分成空白对照组和低、中、高剂量4组。空白对照组给予蒸馏水，实验组每日分别灌服42、83、249 mg/kg剂量的大豆异黄酮，连续60d。第60d取血测定血清过氧化脂质丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶活力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力，用跳台实验方法测定大鼠学习记忆能力。结果：与空白对照组比较，中、高剂量组大鼠血清mda含量显著降低，低、中、高剂量组血清sod活力明显升高，中、高剂量组血清gsh-px活力明显升高。结论：大豆异黄酮具有明显的抗氧化作用，并有效提高更年期雌性sd大鼠的学习记忆能力。

This study evaluated the physiological effects and biochemical characteristics of functional axial leaf and different position sympodial leaf as affected by applying different levels of nitrogen fertilizer(0 kg/ha Low N;189.50 kg/ha Middle N;395.0kg/ha High N) using Bt-transgenic hybrid cotton variety 33B.

通过3个氮素水平(低氮0 kg/hm2、中氮189.50 kg/hm2、高氮395.0 kg/hm2)处理，研究棉花主茎功能叶和不同部位果枝叶衰老过程中的生理生化变化特征。

Every group rats were divided into two parts with the same rats. At last the rats were redivided ,then them were killed and their brains were excluded after one hour.4 hours or one week.Results PO2 and cerebral blood flow of E-selectin 2mg/kg group were higher than that of saline and lower than that of l0mg/kggroup(p.01).The volume of cerebral infarct and blood speed of E-selectin 2mg/kg group was smaller than that of saline and larger than that of l0mg/kg group(p.01).At the same time PCh.speeds.flows and the volume of infarct were related with the time (p.01).Conclusion E-selectin can effectively increase PC2 and rCBF after ischemia and reperfusion .reducing infarct volumes and speeds of blood at the same time . Artificial synthetic E-selectin can effectively reduce the reperfusion injury following cerebral ischemia.

结果 生理盐水组，2mg／kg组，10mg／kg组PO_2值依次提高(p＜0.01)，脑皮质血流量依次提高(p＜0.01)；脑血流速度依次减低；脑梗死体积依次减少(p＜0.01)；同时在测定的时间段里PO_2和脑组织血流量值与时间成正相关(p＜0.01)；脑梗死体积和脑组织血流速度值与时间成正相关(p＜0.01)。E一选择素在脑缺血再灌注损伤中表达的实验研究中文摘要结论E一选择素能增加脑缺血再灌注损伤的脑组织氧饱和度，脑血流量，减低脑血流速度；减少脑损伤体积；从而保护了脑缺血再灌注损伤的脑组织。

The first grade is 14.7cm/kg, the fifth is 3.2cm/kg, and the sixth is lower than 2.0 cm/kg.Linked the Paull's(1996) conclusioned that the ethylene quantity was fewness at the first grade, and toped at the third to four grade, then droped rapidly, but the papaya fluit neither had the best flavor,nor became mature completely when ethylene quantity was tiptop.So we used the rigidity standard not the ethylene quantity to choose specimen.

将采后番木瓜果实按果皮颜色可分为六级，其中一级硬度为14.7 kg / cm2，六级为2.0 kg / cm2 ，结合Paull（1996）对采后番木瓜乙烯变化的结论：乙烯含量在果色破色前最微，到开始变软时达到高峰以后迅速下降，而此时番木瓜还没有达到食用风味最佳，也没有达到成熟，因此相比而言我们使用硬度为指标进行选择比较方便可行。

Methods The immuno-suppressive mice models were induced by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (50mg/kg). T cell Proliferation response to ConA, the level of TNF-α and IFN-γ were determined after administering evening primrose flower extracts in high, medium and low-dose.

小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺(Cyclophosphamide， Cy)50mg/kg建立免疫抑制模型，然后将月见草花两种提取物分别以高、中、低三个剂量（低剂量437.5mg/kg、中剂量875mg/kg和高剂量1750mg/kg）每天1次灌胃，观察对小鼠脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖能力、肿瘤坏死因子－α(Tumor Necrosis Factorα， TNF-α)和干扰素－γ(Interferonγ， IFN-γ)分泌水平的影响。

Methods: Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:① the control group(group C, n=8): received sternotomy only and no ischemia;② the ischemia/reperfusion group(group I/R, n=8): the left lungs of rabbits were rendered ischemia by ligating the left pulmonary hili for 60 minutes followed by 60 minutes reperfusion;③ the edaravone group(group E, n=8): the left lungs were rendered ischemia for 60 minutes followed by 60 minutes reperfusion, and 10 mg/kg edaravone was administered intravenously 5 minutes prior to ischemia. Blood MDA and SOD were measured. Protein concentrations, WBC count, and PMN percentage in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid were determined. Samples of left lung tissue were sent for determining the left lung dry-to-wet weight ratio and evaluating the pathologic changes.

采用兔肺原位热缺血再灌注损伤模型进行研究。24只大白兔随机分为三组：①对照组(C组， n=8)，开胸后不阻断肺门，静脉缓慢推注生理盐水5ml/kg；②缺血再灌注组(I/R组， n=8)，左肺接受60min的缺血，然后接受60min再灌注，于缺血前5min静脉缓慢推注生理盐水5ml/kg；③依达拉奉干预组(E组， n=8)，于缺血前5min静脉缓慢推注依达拉奉10mg/kg（5ml/kg），左肺接受60min的缺血，然后接受60min再灌注。120min实验结束时，留取各组动物血液标本，测定血浆丙二醛含量及超氧化物歧化酶活性；收集支气管肺泡灌洗液，检测支气管肺泡灌洗液中白细胞计数、中性粒细胞百分比及肺通透性指数；留取肺组织标本，测定肺组织湿、干重量，计算干／湿重比及行肺组织病理检查。

The ethanol content in fruit flesh of'Starking'apple, 'Yar'pear and'Shingo'pear increased in early storage with ethanol-applied concentration increased and decreased later. At the end of the storage for 5-6months, there was no difference in ethanol concentration in fruit flesh in all treated apple or'Yar'pear treated with 2 and 4ml/kg fruit of ethanol and control, but that in 6ml/kg fruit of ethanol treated'Yar' pear was higher than that in control.

红星苹果、鸭梨和新高梨经乙醇处理后，果肉中乙醇含量呈先升后降趋势，果实内积累乙醇浓度与乙醇处理浓度显著正相关。2、4、6ml/kg乙醇处理的红星苹果在贮藏5、6个月后，果实中的乙醇含量与对照无差异；2和4ml/kg乙醇处理的鸭梨在贮藏5、6个月后果肉中的乙醇含量与对照无显著性差异，但6ml/kg的乙醇处理果实中的乙醇含量却显著高于对照；相同的乙醇处理浓度使新高梨果实中积累更高的乙醇含量。

Soil organic matter was high in Baoshan tobacco-growing areas and ranged from 1.50 g/kg to 148.10 g/kg with a mean of (32.43±12.38) g/kg and variation coefficient of 33.34%.

保山烟区土壤有机质含量较丰富，平均为(32.43±12.38)g/kg，变幅为1.50~148.10 g/kg，存在广泛的变异，其变异系数达33.34%。

Methods: Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC, n=6), protein C activator (PCA, n=6), lipopolysaccharide (LPS, n=6) and LPS+PCA group (n=6). NC group were given normal saline and PCA group were injected protein C activator (0.4 mg/kg) through vein of the tail. LPS group were administered lipopolysaccharide (10 mg/kg, 4h) by intraperitoneal injection method to make the model of septic shock rats. After the animal model was made, LPS+PCA group were injected protein C activator (0.4 mg/kg) through vein of the tail. 30 minutes after the injection, each rat was tested by Medlab biosignal analyzing system for observing mean arterial pressure and left ventricle function, the activity of LDH and iNOS in myocardium and the cuttings of myocardial tissues.

取SD雄性大鼠24只随机分成对照组、PCA组、LPS组和LPS+PCA组四组，对照组尾静脉注射生理盐水，PCA组尾静脉注射蝮蛇毒蛋白C激活物，LPS组腹腔注射LPS (10 mg/kg， 4h)的方法建立败血症休克的实验动物模型，在建立败血症的实验动物模型的基础上，尾静脉注射PCA (0.4 mg/kg)为LPS+PCA组，每只大鼠均于药后30 min时运用Medlab生物信号采集处理系统记录平均动脉压和左心室功能指标，并测定心肌中乳酸脱氢酶活性、诱导性一氧化氮合酶活性及心肌病理切片。

Resistant starch contents of extrudates was (48. 51g kg〓) for extruded starch,(59. 73kg〓) for gum arabic with starch,(112. 59kg〓) for locust bean gum with starch and (105. 98kg〓) for guar gum with starch respectively.

不同处理条件下得到的挤压产物中抗性淀粉含量分别为：挤压淀粉（48.51g kg〓），添加了阿拉伯胶的淀粉（59.73 g kg〓），添加了刺槐豆胶的淀粉（112.59 g kg〓），添加了瓜尔豆胶的淀粉（105.98 g kg〓）。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。