查询词典 kappa curve

Fisher's exact test and odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval were used to analyze the relationship of pulmonary artery to lesion with the possibility of malignancy. The degree of pulmonary arterial encasement in the benign lesion and malignancy was evaluated by Wilcoxon rank sum test. The agreement between 2 observers was evaluated by kappa statistics. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity profiles of the degree of encasement in diagnosis of malignancy were determined by plotting an empirical ROC curve.

肺部病灶及其邻近肺动脉之关系来预估恶性的可能的资料分析方法为费氏分析检定法(Fisher's exact test)，胜算比以及95%信赖区间；评估肺动脉被包埋压迫的程度用在预估恶性肿瘤之能力是使用威尔科克逊秩和检定；2位观察者间的同意度之检定是用Kappa 统计分析；除此之外，用肺动脉被包埋压迫的程度来预估恶性肿瘤之能力的敏感度以及特异性是用接受者操作特徵的曲线来评估。

Results indicate that:(1) by using HANTS, the researchers could get the EVI/NDVI harmonic curves, the mean VIs and the amplitude of the harmonics which then were utilized in the identification of the cultivated land, and EVI appeared to be more precise, with the overall accuracies of 97.17% and 95.99% and Kappa coefficients of 0.7938 and 0.6518, respectively.(2) Multiple cropping index was extracted by counting the number of the curve's peak; and when the threshold of the peak value of the NDVI and EVI curves were set as 0.25 and 0.20, respectively, the fallow land could be well figured out.(3) From harmonic curves, some eigenvalues, such as time of the maximum growth rate, time of peak and the value of peak can be extracted, based on which the crop types can be primarily distinguished. And EVI still performed better than NDVI in this section.

结果显示：（1）利用傅立叶谐波变换得到的EVI和NDVI时间谱曲线的谐波余项及谐波振幅对耕地进行识别，从识别精度来看，EVI要优于NDVI，识别精度分别为97.17%和 95.99%，Kappa系数分别达到0.7938和0.6518；（2）通过计算时间序列曲线的波峰数能够提取耕地的复种指数，并且在EVI和NDVI曲线波峰阈值分别设为0.20和0.25时，休耕地能较为准确地被识别出来；（3）通过提取作物生长期内曲线的VI最大增长速率时间点以及峰值时间点等信息，作物种类能被初步识别，并且EVI较NDVI具有更强的识别能力。

The main content of preparation before scoring is selection of characteristics, which mainly uses Logistic regression, contingency table analysis and artificial neural network. Personal credit scoring and evaluation mainly uses general discriminant analysis, refined decision tree model, improved genetic algorithm, probability neural network and behavioral scoring model. The effect test of personal credit scoring includes fitting effect test and fitness test. The former involves right prediction rate, Kappa consistency test, ROC curve, and the latter includes likelihood ratio test, Hosmer-Lemeshow test, etc.

评分前的准备工作主要是特征变量的筛选，其中使用的主要方法为Logisitic回归、列联表分析和人工神经网络；本文使用的个人信用评分与评估方法为广义判别分析、精练决策树模型、改进遗传算法、概率神经网络和行为评分模型；个人信用评估的效果检验包括拟合效果检验和拟合优度检验两个方面，前者涉及的方法有预测的正确率、Kappa一致性检验、ROC曲线，后者主要包括似然比检验、Hosmer-Lemeshow检验等。

The former involves right prediction rate, Kappa consistency test, ROC curve, and the latter includes likelihood ratio test, Hosmer-Lemeshow test, etc.

评分前的准备工作主要是特征变量的筛选，其中使用的主要方法为Logisitic回归、列联表分析和人工神经网络；本文使用的个人信用评分与评估方法为广义判别分析、精练决策树模型、改进遗传算法、概率神经网络和行为评分模型；个人信用评估的效果检验包括拟合效果检验和拟合优度检验两个方面，前者涉及的方法有预测的正确率、Kappa一致性检验、ROC曲线，后者主要包括似然比检验、Hosmer-Lemeshow检验等。

Cohen's Kappa statistic and the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve were used to evaluate the performance of the models.

并结合全球气候模式预估的未来情景对未来气候条件下的分布进行了预估。

Occurrence records from 1864 locations and 34 environmental variables from Daymet datasets were gathered, four modeling methods including Logistic Regression, Classification and Regression Trees, Genetic Algorithm for Rule-Set Prediction and maximum entropy method were used to generate potential geographic distributions for Dreissena polymorpha in the continental USA. Then three statistical criteria including area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve, correlation and Kappa were calculated to evaluate the performance of the models, followed by analyses of major variable contributions.

论文以1864个美国外来入侵物种斑马纹贻贝定点发生数据和开放式基础地理信息数据库Daymet的34个环境变量为主要信息源，采用逻辑斯蒂回归、分类与回归树模型、基于规则的遗传算法、最大熵法4种途径，建立美国大陆部分潜在生境预测模型，从接受者运行特征曲线下面积、Pearson相关系数、Kappa值3个方面来检验模型预测精度，在此基础上分析斑马纹贻贝的空间分布规律及其环境影响因素。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。