查询词典 judicial precedent

Today's judicial review is a one-way lawsuit pattern constructed with the review on coercive act as the center,but the rise of noncoercive act inevitably requires relevant reform of judicial re...

现行的司法审查是以对强制性行为的审查为中心构建的单向度的诉讼模式，非强制性行为的兴起必然要求司法审查模式作相应的改革。

Thus some improveraonts in the criminal process should be systematically probed, such as judicial concepts, criminal policies and system constructions, to expand the application of nonprosecution in China, which will improve the adaptability of criminal process to the society and to enhance the effect of judicial practice to the society.

刑事司法改革中需要在司法理念、刑事政策、制度构建等方面进行系统的探索，拓展不起诉制度的适用，以改进刑事司法的僵化禀赋，促进司法的社会效果的提高。

At present judicial rules on the internal actions in sports association can be made through judicial interpretation and prejudication.

行政诉讼的救济并不能完全解决这一难题，在目前可以通过司法解释和司法判例对体育协会内部行为进行司法规制。

Through legislation or prejudication of the court, most countries build up their characteristic standards on judicial review of administrative acts, and generally set up judicial review system to restrict the use of administrative discretion.

大多数国家都通过立法或法院判例确立了各具特色的对行政行为进行司法审查的标准，并普遍设立了司法审查制度，对行政自由裁量权的行使进行制约。

In the third part , the author defines the legitimation of the judicial review to the abstract action . the author analyses the experience of constitutionalism of typic foreign countries and the defects of the devised control system to the abstract actions in china , and deems that it is necessary to establish the system of judicial review to the abstract action

第三部分&具体制度的建构：对抽象行政行为的司法审查&，在对中国现行司法审查制度评价的基础上，通过对抽象行政行为进行司法审查的必要性和优越性以及西方发达国家对抽象行政行为的审查机制的分析，明确在中国构建对抽象行政行为进行司法审查制度的正当性。

Modern courts include of modern philosophy, modern judicial mainstay, modern justice system and modern judicial equipment. Although we have made remarkable achievements in the last thirty years, due to various reasons, court reform still has obstacles: unfull theory, the delay of concept, local and administrative court, popular judges.

现代化法院包括现代司法理念、现代司法主体、现代司法机制及现代司法装备四个构成方面，虽然最近30年的人民法院改革取得了显著成果，但由于种种原因，法院改革还存在一定障碍：理论准备不充分、观念滞后化、法院地方化、行政化以及法官大众化。

However , with the change of society , judicial activism is weakened and factualism is doubted . Holding of the review in judicial practice also proves unsatisfactorily .

随着我国社会的整体转型，司法能动主义受到削弱，真实发现主义受到质疑，加之全面审查要求与实践的脱节，与司法其它价值及与司法整体改革方向的冲突，对其改革不可避免。

In the western countries,the two judicial phenomena of specialization and popularization are coexisting in the judicial field.

在西方国家的司法领域，司法的精英化和大众化两种现象同时并存。

During our discussion, we may find out the problem of its operation. Currently, our nation's operation is based on Judicial Yuan's Meeting on February 7 , 2002 for the nationwide court's chief and Forum on judicial business, as well as Taiwan's Superior Court's criminal chief judge's decision on April 25, 2002, and also Ministry of Justice's No. 910800949 attached letter of March 7, 2002—A reference principle for prosecutors' institution to manage affairs corresponding to the modification of partial criminal litigation act. Currently, the entire operation of setting for trial goes smoothly. The most important part is Chapter Six, whose point of view is from the aspect of practical operation. And it amasses the information about the decision of setting for trial from twenty-one local courts nationwide. This chapter will explore the effect of its concrete operation and analyze it synthetically with statistics.

在介绍过程即可发现现行实务运作所衍生之问题何在，而目前我国实务之运作均以司法院九十一年二月七日所召开之全国各级法院首长司法业务座谈会之决议及九十一年四月二十五日台湾高等法院刑事庭长会议之决议，暨法务部九十一年三月七日九十一年度法检字第九一0八00九四九号函之附件「检察机关因应刑事诉讼法部分条文修正办理事项参考原则」之内容为依据，目前整个声请交付审判制度之运作尚称正常顺利。

In 2003, China further beefed up its judicial reform, claiming significant progress in judicial guarantee for human rights.

2003年，中国的司法改革力度进一步加大，人权的司法保障取得重大进展。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48