查询词典 judicial district

Owning to structural loopholes, however, we have achieved little progress in the reform of the judicial system in the past decade, especially in freeing the judicial work from administrative interference. Prime concerns now are decentralization of judicial power, bureaucratization of judicial proceedings and low professional competence of judges.

但是，由于体制上的原因，十余年来，我们所进行的司法改革成效甚微，特别是由于司法受制于行政的现状并未得到根本的扭转，在司法工作中，确实存在着司法权力地方化、审判活动行政化、法官职业大众化这三大顽症。

Modem judicial system predetermines specific content of law texts and advocates judicial formalism. Legal reasoning becomes a basic approach to applying laws and making judgment; judicature holds a position of authority. It is a basis of judicial legitimacy to abide by rules of judicial procedures.

现代性语境中的司法制度预定法律文本具有确定性内容，崇尚司法形式主义，法律推理成为法官适用法律和作出判决的基本方法，司法具有权威性地位，对司法程序规则的恪守构成司法合法性基础。

The main factors to restrict realization of the aim of judicial explanation are limitations of explanatory means , inability of judges as principal part of explainers , pressure from groups of interests , lack of independence of justice and judges , no modem rule by law hi ideology and culture of law and effects of public opinion and human relationship ; therefore , the main ways to realize the aim of judicial explanation are to construct team of judges , enhance quality of judges , apply scientific explanatory means , state publicly judicial explanation , analyse reasons for judgement, reform judicial system of court, guarantee independence of judice and judges and cultivate civilian ideology of modem legal culture.

解释方法的局限性、作为解释主体的法官的素质的不适性、利益集团的压力、司法及法官缺乏应有的独立性、法律文化意识非现代法治性以及民意舆论和人情关系的影响是制约司法解释目标实现的主要因素；而建设法官队伍，提高法官的素质、运用科学合理的解释方法、公开表述司法解释，分析判决理由、改革法院司法体制，保障司法和法官的独立以及培育公民现代的法律文化意识是实现司法解释目标的最主要路径。

There are many serious misleading in how to apply the principle of "fraud exception", whereas, it is necessary to make a legal research on the principle of "fraud exception" in light of former researches. The article consists of two parts. In the first part, the author put emphasis on the principle of abstract independence, the definition, the establishment and development of the principle of fraud exception, the analysis of the fraud, the theory, the prerequisite and the procedure of apply the principle of "fraud exception" in order to establish the general principle and necessary procedure. In the second part, the author analysis the existing backward conditions oflegislation and judicial practice in China, and courts" attitude to the judicial remedy for the principle of " fraud exception", further, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to make the legislation on the principle of "fraud exception" perfect, and how to apply the procedure of judicial remedy for the principle of "fraud exception". Lastly, the author hopes that these suggestions could benefit to the judicial practice and the future legislation on the principle of "fraud exception.

我国在加入世界贸易组织后，按照国际惯例和国际公约处理国际贸易中的纠纷己成为一种必然趋势，鉴于我国法院对如何准确适用信用证欺诈例外原则存在着严重误区，使得在先前学者研究的基础上再一次研究欺诈例外原则很有必要，本文分两个部分，第一部分对信用证独立抽象原则、信用证欺诈例外原则的定义、确立与发展、对例外原则下欺诈的分析、理论基础、适用条件以及程序等六方面展开论述，从而确立信用证欺诈例外原则的一般原则和必要的程序：第二部分主要分析我国司法实践中信用证欺诈例外原则司法救济的立法以及司法现状，及法院对欺诈例外原则的态度，从而对如何完善我国法院欺诈例外原则的法律依据以及如何正确适用欺诈例外原则的司法救济程序提出一些构思，希望为欺诈例外原则在我国的司法实践以及为以后的相应立法提供有益的参考。

Thereare muhti—lavers conflicts among the judicial culture in Modem China,such as the conflict between the culture offullsovereignty and judicial independence,the conflict between the culture of judicial system and judicial effect and the conflict between intellectual culture and political or social culture.

近代中国司法文化的发展存在多层面的冲突，诸如：主权独立文化与司法权独立文化层面的冲突；司法制度文化与司法效应文化层面的冲突；精英文化与政治、社会文化层面的冲突。

Article 2 The "procedures for judicial authentication" shall refer to the manners, methods, steps and related rules and standards that the judicial authentication institutions and judicial authenticators shall comply with in conducting judicial authentication activities.

第二条 司法鉴定程序是指司法鉴定机构和司法鉴定人进行司法鉴定活动应当遵循的方式、方法、步骤以及相关的规则和标准。

This paper is taking a grass root court of one provinces backward district in central area of our country as the analyzed angle, and from the origin and development of judicial committee system, scanning the history evolution and development track of this system earnestly, as well as by ideological inspection to the establishment of the system, analyzed deeply the difficulties and embarrassment of judicial committee in practice in our country, then concluded the reasons of malfunction of the system, so it comes to the necessity and reality of abolishing the judicial committee system.

本文以我国中部某省的一个较落后地区基层法院的民事审判为分析视点，从审委会制度的源与流入手，认真审视该制度的历史沿革与发展轨迹，并通过对该制度建构的思辨性考察，深入剖析审委会制度在我国实践运行中的困境与无奈，归纳与总结审委会制度功能与运作不畅的原因，从而得出审委会制度废除的必然性和现实性。

To this end, the CPC Beijing Municipal Committee and Beijing Municipal Government have jointly made "suggestions for promoting the development of banking industry", with Beijing's spatial pattern of financial business structured to consist of a banking street as main central finance district, Beijing CBD as subcentral finance district, Haidian West Zhongguancun District, East Second Ring Road Traffic Business District and Fengtai Lize Business District as promising high-tech and finance districts, and Haidian Daoxianghu, Chaoyang Jinzhan, New Tongzhou City and Xicheng Desheng as financial service background districts.

一主"是指金融街作为金融主中心区，"一副"是北京商务中心区作为金融副中心区，"三新"是新增海淀中关村西区、东二环交通商务区、丰台丽泽商务区作为北京市新兴科技金融功能区，"四后台是四个金融后台服务园区，包括海淀稻香湖、朝阳金盏、通州新城、西城德胜金融后台服务园区。

The sixth part: Studies on the dynamic changes of soil retention function value of ecosystem in YUYANG District. Utilized ERDAS8. 5 to interpret the remote sensing image and get LUCC data and vegetation information of YUYANG District. Utilized R2V5. 5 to digitize administrative map, topographic map, vegetation picture, soil distribution map and meteorological website map. Utilized ARCINFOR8. 3 to change every digitization layer to the same projection, to generate Tyson polygon, to structure DEM and do vector polygon overlay. Utilized ARC VIE W3. 3 to obtain the grid data topographic slope and slope length from DEM data of YUYANG District, and then, turned every coverage layer into grid layer and do grid polygon overlay to gain data about dynamic changes of value of soil retention of ecosystem in YUYANG District, at last, the author analyzed the features of the spatial-temporal changes and its reason.The seventh part: Studies on the dynamic changes of fixing drifting sand against wind function value of ecosystem in YUYANG District.

第六部分：榆阳区生态系统土壤保持功能价值动态变化研究；利用ERDAS8.5对遥感数据进行解译获得榆阳区土地利用数据和植被信息，利用R2V5.5数字化榆阳区政区图、地形图、植被图、土壤分布图及气象站点分布图，利用ARCINFOR8.3对各数字化图层进行投影转换、泰森多边形生成、DEM构建和叠加分析，利用ARCVIEW3.3从DEM数据中获取榆阳区的坡度、坡长面域数据，并将上述各图层格网化，然后通过栅格图层叠加分析和代数运算获取榆阳区生态系统土壤保持功能物质量和价值量时空动态变化数据，最后分析了其变化的时空特点及形成原因。

This competition was co-held by Jiangbei District Organization Department, Jiangbei District Labor and Social Security Bureau, Jiangbei District Human Resource Bureau and Jiangbei District Committee, which provided a stage for people in Jiangbei district to show their talents, aiming to activate their passion to learn and use English.

此次比赛是江北区为给区内干部群众提供一个展现才华的舞台，激发大家学英语用英语的激情，由区委组织部、区劳动和社会保障局、区人事局和团区委联合举办的。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48