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Key words: Amanita; rDNA; ITS sequence analysis; classification and identification; Macrofungi

本研究在对采自浙江西南部丽水山区的7个鹅膏菌标本进行初步鉴定的基础上，对7个鹅膏菌的rDNA ITS区段进行序列测定和序列特征比较分析，并进一步对ITS序列进行核酸序列数据库GenBank同源性检索比对，构建起系统发育树以期为基于传统形态特征对7个鹅膏菌做出的分类鉴定提供分子依据。

RDNA-ITS sequence analysis of 30 populations showed that there is difference among M. incognita, M. hapla, M. arenaria, M. javanica, M. panyuensis, M. zhanjiangensis. and M. hainansis, whereas little rDNA-ITS sequence difference among three normal Meloidogyne species.

通过对30个种群的rDNA-ITS序列分析，发现番禺根结线虫、海南根结线虫、北方根结线虫、湛江根结线虫、南方根结线虫、爪哇根结线虫和花生根结线虫种间的DNA-ITS区碱基序列存在差异，但后3种常见种之间差异小。

Armillaria luteo-virens is a ectomycorrhizal fungus symbiotic with some species of Kobresia in Tibet Plateau, China. A strain was recently isolated from fruitbody tissue of the fungus. To determine whether the strain is the pure culture of the fungus, the internal transcribed spacer region and the first intergenic spacer region (IGS-1) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA of fruiting body and the isolated strain were sequenced and compared. Further, the 5.8S/ITS and IGS-1 sequences of the species were BLAST matched with GenBank database on homology and a phylogenetic tree was constructed based on 5.8S/ITS sequence and two phylogenetic trees were constructed separately based on two IGS-1 sequences.

首次从采自青藏高原、与高原牧草嵩草属Kobresia草本植物形成外生菌根的黄绿蜜环菌Armillaria luteo-virens子实体中分离获得一组织分离菌株，运用rDNA-ITS和rDNA-IGS-1测序技术对该组织分离菌株是否为黄绿蜜环菌的纯培养菌种进行分子鉴定，并基于黄绿蜜环菌的5.8S/ITS和IGS-1序列进行核酸序列数据库GenBank同源性检索比对、构建系统发育树。

We understand ITS is an enormous systems engineering. It is cohesively related to every aspect of society, economy and as well as people's life. Therefore we have to take into account China's practical situation in developing ITS.

我们充分认识到， ITS是一项巨大的系统工程，它与社会、经济以及人民生活的各个部分是密切相关的，所以中国ITS的发展必须充分考虑中国国情。

Objective To compare the rDNA-ITS differentiation and its regulation between Morinda and its counterfeit species, and provide DNA molecular markers for the fingerprint identification of them.

目的比较巴戟天与常见混伪品之间的rDNA-ITS碱基序列的差异及其规律，同时为巴戟天及混伪品的指纹图谱鉴别提供分子标记。

Finally, future development trend of ITS evaluation is also presented and the important role of Experimental Traffic Engineering in ITS evaluation is emphasized.

最后分析了ITS 评价的未来发展趋势，指出实验交通工程学在ITS 评价中的重要作用。

ITS sequences analysis demonstrated that ITS sequences of six species were so conservative that they couldn't reflect evolutionary kinships of six plants.

ITS序列分析的结果表明，六种沙蒿间的ITS序列高度保守，不能反映出它们的进化关系。

Smilax, there are the phylogenetic relationships and distributive pattern to be found based on the combined ITS and maiK. tree: 1 a clade with the African species (S. kraussiana) and Australian species (S. australis), being a sister group; 2 a clade with the S. zeylanica of sect. Macranthae and S. bona-nox of sect. China, the former from Southeast Asia and latter native to US, showing they are a sister species which is disjunctive between Asia-North America, similar to the species pair of S. hispida and S. sieboldii; 3 S. perfoliata from Indonesia being sister to S. ocreata of China and S. megacarpa of Indonesia, which are very similar to each other in morphology; 4 the three species from China (S. lanceifolia, S. perfoliata and S. chapaensis) and S.ovalifolia from Indonesia showing a 87-92% bts monophyletic clade; 5 S.bracteata from China and two species of Indonesia (S. leucophylla and S. sp.) forming a clade in the ITS tree; 6 S.

通过比较研究圆锥花序组和穗菝葜组的地理分布，基于ITS及matK联合数据构建的系统树发现下列明显的具系统发育关系的类群及地理分布模式：1来自非洲的S.kraussiana和来自澳大利亚的S.australis是一对姐妹群，具有共同的祖先；2圆锥花序组的S.zeylanica和菝葜组的S.bona-nox形成一个紧密的分支，前者分布于东亚而后者只局限于美国，显示了一种类似于S.sieboldii和S.hispida那样的东亚—北美间断分布模式；3印度尼西亚的S.perfoliata是分布于中国的S.ocreata和来自印尼S.megacarpa的姐妹群，这三者在形态上也非常接近，表明具有共同祖先；4来自中国的三个种(S.lanceifolia，S.perfoliata and S.chapanensis)和来自印尼的S.ovalifolia形成了一个高支持率的单系分支(87-92％bts)；5基于ITS的系统树，来自中国的S.bracteata和来自印度尼西亚的两个种S.leucophylla and S.sp。

In Part Two of Chapter One, the samples of sporocarps, cultured mycelia, and root-tips collected in a 15×30 plot were studied using ITS-RFLP and ITS-sequencing.

我们应用ITS-RFLP和ITS序列比较的方法对地上子实体、地下菌根及分离培养的菌种进行了种类鉴定和分析。

With the development of ITS technology, Traffic Information Service System plays a more important role in implementing dynamic traffic guidance and reducing traffic press, which is the key part of ITS.

随着ITS技术的日益成熟，作为ITS主要内容的交通信息服务系统对实现动态交通诱导、缓解城市交通压力的作用也日趋重要。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。