查询词典 iterative method for eigenvalue problems

Comparing withHayek's theory on society method, I believe constitution litigationmechanism must considering the following conclusion in modelingconstitutional method: first, the acquiring of constitutional method isusually effects system vicissitudes. Although constitutional arbitramentcan form definite constitutional method, it can't achieve perduringsubstantial results level of method; secondly, constitutional method isformed virtually by the mixture of two kind of potence, and one is socialpotence, the other is governmental potence. The constitutional method'srationality in logic structure rests directly with the wrestling process ofconstitutional logic and social process. Constitutional method is more akind of simulative conformation of natural logic and social logic, itforms by the wrestling of government, public, legislature andconstitution judging organ. Fourthly, the maintenance of constitutionalmethod depends on the inner power sustained by faith and exteriorpower coming from the background of compulsion. Fifthly,constitutional method itself is a dynamic structure, and it's realizingquomodo and vindicating means is being in vicissitude, however, it canonly provide condition and inspiritment.

对照哈耶克的社会秩序理论，笔者认为，宪法诉讼机制在型构宪政秩序时必然要照顾到以下结论：其一，宪政秩序的取得，往往是一个制度自然变迁的结果，宪法裁决虽然也可能在短期内形成一定的宪法秩序，不过却无法强行地达到一个较大范围内持久的秩序实效水准；其二，宪政秩序实际上是由两种力量交合而成的，一是社会力量，一是政府力量，宪政秩序的逻辑结构的合理性直接取决于宪法逻辑和社会逻辑之间的博弈过程；其三，宪政秩序更多的是一种对自然逻辑和社会逻辑的模拟形态，是经由政府、公众、立法机关与宪法裁判机构的合作博弈而形成的，宪法诉讼的功用至多在于提供博弈规则，以实现纳什均衡；其四，宪政秩序的维护主要依靠来自信念支持的内部力量与来自强制背景的外部力量；其五，宪政秩序本身是一个动态的、常新的结构，其实现方式与维护手段也处于不断变迁之中，但无论如何，宪法诉讼机制所能提供的只是制约与激励两种。

For preparing for the researches of text digital watermarking and advantaging other researchers" development when using the Chinese mathematical expression theory, this paper designs and realizes a development platform of Chinese mathematical expression. It has been proved by experiments that the platform"s function, execution speed and stability can satisfy the requirements of conversion and operation of enormous data.This research found out that the structure information of Chinese have plenty redundant information that can be used by the Chinese mathematical expression for the digital watermarking, the data embedded can possess better robustness. Based on this finding, this paper designs a kind of text digital watermarking method of embedding watermarking by using Chinese structure, and realizes the method by using the Chinese mathematical expression platform.Considering the watermarking embedding algorithms importance to the robustness of the text digital watermarking, this paper makes fully use of the advantage of the Chinese mathematical expression theory to design a kind of layered text method, which has being realized by using the Chinese mathematical expression platform. The layered text method can handle the text as a solid structure, and the embedding data havepreferable robustness.Finally, based on the researches of the text digital watermarking method and the text layered method, this paper integrates the method of making use of the Chinese structure embedding watermarking with the robust algorithm based on text layered, and realizes a brand-new text digital watermarking method. Proved by lots of experiments, this brand-new method has good robustness and better invisibility.

为了为研究工作做准备和方便其他使用汉字数学表达式理论体系的人进行开发，本文基于汉字数学表达式理论设计实现了一个汉字数学表达式平台，实现了Unicode汉字集中的汉字、汉字数学表达式、汉字的Unicode码之间的相互转化、依据汉字数学表达式提取汉字的结构信息、由汉字数学表达式在非中文平台上不依赖字库显示汉字的图像等功能，使用复合文档技术和流压缩技术进行数据的存储，使用对汉字数学表达式进行二叉树拆分来处理汉字数学表达式中包含的信息，使用自定义哈希函数来提高运行速度，实验证明，该平台功能、速度和稳定性完全能满足大量数据的转化和运算要求；通过研究表明汉字的结构信息中存在大量可使用汉字数学表达式理论加以利用的水印加载空间，加载在该空间的数据可以具有较好的鲁棒性，基于此，本文设计了一种利用汉字结构加载水印的文本数字水印方法，并使用汉字数学表达式平台将其实现；由于水印嵌入算法对于文本数字水印的鲁棒性至关重要，本文充分利用汉字数学表达式理论的优点，设计了一种文本分层的方法，并使用汉字数学表达式平台将其实现，使文本成为一个立体的空间，使嵌入在其中的数据具有更好的鲁棒性；最后在基于汉字数学表达式的文本数字水印嵌入方法的研究和基于汉字数学表达式的文本分层方法的研究的基础上，结合利用汉字结构嵌入水印的方法和基于文本分层的抗攻击文本水印嵌入算法实现了一种全新的文本数字水印方法，经实验证明，该方法有良好的鲁棒性和较好的隐蔽性。

This paper reviews and summarizes the progress in this field as follows: the mathematical model and the difficulty of the analytical solutions is introduced; discusses the latest progress of the numerical solutions is discussed; the finite difference method, the Godunov method, the Boltzmann method, and the KFVS method of one-dimensional dam-break problem are introduced; the TVD method, the discontinuous finite element method, the finite volume method and characteristic method of two-dimensional dam-break problem are discussed; the applicability, the advantage and the disadvantage of each method are analyzed; and the progress in the numerical calculations of flow of fluid with free surface are presented.

回顾和总结了国内外对溃坝水流演进问题的研究进展：介绍了溃坝水流的数学模型及解析解法存在的困难，进而讨论了数值解法的最新进展；论述了求解溃坝水流一维问题的有限差分法、近似黎曼解的Godunov格式法、Boltzmann法、KFVS法和二维问题的TVD格式法、间断有限元法、有限体积法、特征线法，并分析了各种方法的适用范围和优缺点，及讨论了限制函数的使用；介绍了利用自由水面追踪方法计算溃坝水流的研究进展，并根据目前存在的不足和实际工程的需要，提出了进一步研究的方向和发展趋势。

In this thesis, we mainly study several problems on geometry and topology of Rieman-nian submanifolds, which contains the geometric rigidity, topological sphere theorems and eigenvalue problems of Laplace-Beltrami operator on Riemannian submanifolds.

本文着重研究黎曼子流形上几何与拓扑的若干问题，主要内容包括子流形的几何刚性、拓扑球面定理和Laplace-Beltrami算子的特征值问题。

Based on the isoperimetric graph partitioning method, we propose several practical segmentation algorithms. The first is the iterative two-way cut method which can segment an image into pieces with particular characteristics each other by iteration. The second is simultaneous K-way cut method which divides the image into K parts synchronously. The last is an interactive method separating objects of interest from the background by the user's input specifying the object of interest manually.

基于等周分割方法，我们提出了几种实用的分割算法：第一种是迭代2分方法，它通过迭代的方法将图像分割成各具特征的小区域；第二种是同时直接K分法，同时将图像分割成K个部分；最后一种方法是交互分割法，它依赖人工输入来指定所要分割的感兴趣目标，将图像目标从背景中分离出来。

There arise many techniques in the study of existence of solution for operator equations,such as topological transversality method,upper and lower solutions method,monotone iterative method, and variation method,and bountiful results are obtained.

在算子方程解的存在性研究中产生了许多方法，如拓扑度方法、上下解方法、单调迭代法、变分方法等，获得了丰富的结果。

3D-CTM (Coupled Thermo-Mechanical Forming Simulation) software for precision forging process of aero-engine blade was developed. The key technologies of 3D coupled rigid-viscoplastic thermo-mechanical FEM simulation of blade forging process were studied systematically. By using the remeshing method of contracting from the boundary to the inner, new mesh system from old distorted mesh system can be obtained. A method of modifying the position of nodes touching on the die according to its original normal was proposed to avoid "dead lock" problem due to uncontinuity of normal of scatted die meshes. The pseudo-static iterative algorithm was used to simplify the coupled thermo-mechanical computation. In particular, formulations to determine relaxation factor β was established for rigid viscoplastic FEM adopting penalty function method, and an improved cubic factor rapid algorithm derived from these formulations was proposed by combining with the advantage of advance and retreat search method.

采用基于边界构形的内缩法，实现了三维畸变网格的重新划分；提出了初矢修正法对触模节点的位置进行修正，解决了由于离散的模具网格的法矢不连续造成的&死锁&问题；采用准静态迭代法简化了速度场和温度场耦合计算过程；特别是针对减速因子β的选取，建立了适用于三维复杂成形过程刚粘塑性罚函数法有限元三次因子法的计算公式，并结合进退搜索法提出了改进的三次因子快速算法，提高了模拟计算效率和稳定性，在此基础之上，开发了面向叶片精锻过程的三维刚粘塑性热力耦合有限元模拟分析系统(3D-CTM)，系统的可靠性得到了圆柱体镦粗的验证。

Since the method does not need to derive the concrete form of the transformation matrix, making it simple and easy to calculate the results to the eigenvalue problems of the Hamilton with symmetrical form. This algebraic methods is more universal and more effective.

由于该方法不需要求出变换矩阵的具体形式，使得运用此方法求解具有对称形式的Hamilton量的本征值问题变得简单、易计算出结果，该方法更具有普遍性，是一种十分有效的代数方法。

By using the method of the gauge transformation,this paper obtains the gauge transformation of Eigenvalue problems of energy dependent potentials and the Backlund transformation.

用规范变换的方法，导出了位势依赖于能量的特征值问题的规范变换及相应的贝克隆变换。

We parallelize traditional matrix multiplication, Gauss Elimination and Jacobi Method of Real Symmetric Matrix Eigenvalue Problems.

本文充分研究了CUDA编程架构，详细介绍了CUDA的起源发展，特色技术以及应用领域。

Nowadays, most of research are to build a transmutative Petri Nets through adding controlling place sets, controlling arc sets and controlling policy to the basic Petri Nets, while the Controlled Petri Nets could be used to argue many controlling theory problems conveniently and to induce many logically and physically supervisory and solve the Event Feedback Controlling Problems and State Feedback Controlling Problem in DEDS supervisory theory.

目前大多数的研究表现为在变形后的受控Petri网基础上，利用各种方法求得各种逻辑型、结构型控制器，解决DEDS监控理论中的事件反馈控制问题与状态反馈控制问题。

On one hand, there are discussions with the works council and union about extension of short time working up to the end of September.

一方面，有讨论，工程理事会和联盟关于延长工作时间短至9月底。