查询词典 iteration method

This paper reviews and summarizes the progress in this field as follows: the mathematical model and the difficulty of the analytical solutions is introduced; discusses the latest progress of the numerical solutions is discussed; the finite difference method, the Godunov method, the Boltzmann method, and the KFVS method of one-dimensional dam-break problem are introduced; the TVD method, the discontinuous finite element method, the finite volume method and characteristic method of two-dimensional dam-break problem are discussed; the applicability, the advantage and the disadvantage of each method are analyzed; and the progress in the numerical calculations of flow of fluid with free surface are presented.

回顾和总结了国内外对溃坝水流演进问题的研究进展：介绍了溃坝水流的数学模型及解析解法存在的困难，进而讨论了数值解法的最新进展；论述了求解溃坝水流一维问题的有限差分法、近似黎曼解的Godunov格式法、Boltzmann法、KFVS法和二维问题的TVD格式法、间断有限元法、有限体积法、特征线法，并分析了各种方法的适用范围和优缺点，及讨论了限制函数的使用；介绍了利用自由水面追踪方法计算溃坝水流的研究进展，并根据目前存在的不足和实际工程的需要，提出了进一步研究的方向和发展趋势。

We analyse and compare the traditional timemarching method, the fixed point iteration method, Chan, Chan and Zhou proposed such an approach using the Newton method combined with continuation and the primal-dual method.

本文对传统的时间依赖方法，不动点迭代法，原始对偶方法，Zhou，Zhou和Chan提出的牛顿法与延拓法相结合的方法进行了比较分析。

Based on the isoperimetric graph partitioning method, we propose several practical segmentation algorithms. The first is the iterative two-way cut method which can segment an image into pieces with particular characteristics each other by iteration. The second is simultaneous K-way cut method which divides the image into K parts synchronously. The last is an interactive method separating objects of interest from the background by the user's input specifying the object of interest manually.

基于等周分割方法，我们提出了几种实用的分割算法：第一种是迭代2分方法，它通过迭代的方法将图像分割成各具特征的小区域；第二种是同时直接K分法，同时将图像分割成K个部分；最后一种方法是交互分割法，它依赖人工输入来指定所要分割的感兴趣目标，将图像目标从背景中分离出来。

In this thesis, the methods for solving eigenvalue problems and conventional reanalysis methods are studied firstly. Then, a new reanalysis method for real modal reanalysis of structures subjected to topological modification with added degrees of freedom is presented. This method is composed of the single step perturbation method and the Rayleigh-quotient iteration. The numerical examples show that this reanalysis method is very effective and high-quality.

本文首先在对常规的特征值数值求解方法和重分析方法研究的基础上，针对实模态的自由度增加的结构拓扑修改重分析，提出了一种新方法，该方法由于结合了单步摄动法和瑞利商逆迭代法两者的优点，应当是一种比较理想的重分析方法，算例的数值结果也有力的验证了该方法确实是一种高精度、十分有效的实模态重分析方法。

By introducing the nonlinear complementarity problem function, the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions of OPF model are transformed equivalently into a set of semismooth nonlinear algebraic equations. Then the set of semismooth equations can be solved by a semismooth L-M method based on the subdifferential. The method belongs to Newton-type method. It can ensure the positive defmitiveness of the iterative coefficient matrix by using the L-M parameter, which avoids the ill-conditioning of iterative equations. The method, requiring only the approximate solution of a linear system at each iteration, is quite applicable to the large-scale cases.

在利用非线性互补函数将OPF模型的KKT条件转化为半光滑非线性代数方程组后，采用基于次微分的半光滑L-M法求解，该方法属于牛顿法范畴，可通过对L-M参数的调整保证迭代系数矩阵的正定性，克服了系数矩阵的奇异引起的"病态"，且该方法在确定搜索方向时只需求解线性系统的加热器近似解，适用于大规模系统的求解。

The mathematical model of complex countercurrent multi-effect evaporation with condensed water flash is established, which aims at minimum annual cost (including cost of fresh vapor, vacuum pump power, evaporator, maintenance and depreciation).Based on such decisive variables as the pressure of fresh vapor, the pressure of condenser and heat-transfer mean temperature difference of vari-effect,the model is solved by the complex method,Lagrangian multiplier method, iteration method and matrix method.The practical example indicates that the influence of the pressure of fresh vapor, the pressure of condenser and flash of condensed water on the optimum design results is notable.

建立了带有冷凝水闪蒸的复杂逆流多效蒸发系统优化设计的数学模型，该模型以整个蒸发系统的年总费用(包括加热蒸汽年费用、真空泵年动力费用以及蒸发器和辅助设备的年折旧维修费用等)最小为优化目标，以生蒸汽压力、冷凝器真空度及各效有效传热温度差为决策变量，提出一种新算法———复合形法结合Lagrangian乘子法、迭代法和矩阵法求解模型。

Uses the biggest strength training method (80%～100% biggest strength) adding 30% biggest strength load training method; the load combination method to make the acclivity to lie pushes the barbell training, good in uses; the biggest strength training method to the upper limb shot fast strength training effect (80%～100% biggest strength) adding the unarmed quickest speed training method and the biggest strength training method (80%～100% biggest strength) adding 60% biggest strength shoulders the training method the load combination method.

用"最大力量训练(80％～100％最大力量)+30％最大力量负荷最快速度训练法"负荷组合方法做上斜卧推杠铃训练，对推铅球上肢快速力量的训练效果好于用"最大力量(训练80％～100％最大力量)+徒手最快速度训练法"与"最大力量训练(80％～1 00％最大力量)+60％最大力量负荷最快速度训练法"负荷组合方法。

The details as follow: 1.Based on rules about form error in GB, mathematical models of form error are established including straightness error on the base of minimizing zone method、least-squares method and two dots linked method ; flatness error based on minimizing zone method、lease-squares method、diagonal line and three dots method; circularity and cylindricity error based on minimizing zone method、lease-squares method、minimum circumscribed circle and maximum inscribed circle.

具体内容如下：根据国标中形状误差的相关规定建立了各种要素评定方法的数学模型包括：直线度的最小区域法、最小二乘法、两端点连线法；平面度的最小二乘法、最小区域法、对角线法、三远点法；圆度和圆柱度的最小区域法、最小二乘法、最小外接圆法、最大内切圆法。

In this paper, mathematical analysis, linear algebra is more material as the foundation, on the basis of previous studies, will solve a number of the function extreme value methods, such as distribution method, elimination method, the discriminant method, mean inequality method, the geometric method, vector method and derivative method, and so to summarize, and on this basis is given for each method the corresponding examples to illustrate for readers to reference and understanding.

本文以数学分析、线性代数更教材为基础，在前人研究的基础上，将求解函数极值的若干方法，如配方法、消元法、判别式法、均值不等式法、几何法、向量法和导数法等等进行归纳总结，并在此基础上针对每一种方法给出相应的例子加以说明，以便读者参考和理解。

The examples show: It is not only scientific and rational approximately, but also as referenced calculational methods of threshold quanlity of increased or emendatory chemical substance in the "Identifecation of major hazard installations "(GB18218-2000) in the future, that appliance respective of TNT equivalent method, gasoline equivalent method, methane equivalent method, methl ethyl ketone peroxide equivalent method and hydrogen sulfide equivalent method for the rhrehold quanlity in the work site and store area of volatile substance, combustible liquid substance, combustible gaseous substance, active chemical substance and poisonous substance. At the same time, Comparing with the death radius method and evaluative method of combustible, volatile, poisonous mojor hazardinstalltions, hazard grading method of hazard degree grading in the chemical factory for the major hazard installations is simplerof operation and more practical of calcutating result, and have some significance on generalizer.

实例验证表明：TNT当量法、汽油当量法、甲烷当量法和过氧化甲乙酮当量法分别对爆炸性物质、易燃液体物质、易燃气体物质和活性化学物质的临界量确定，具有一定的科学性和合理性，可作为《重大危险源辨识》(GB18218-2000)中临界量数值修订和危险物质扩充时进行临界量确定的参考计算方法，同时，化工厂危险程度的重大危险源分级法与易燃、易爆和有毒重大危险源评价法和死亡半径法相比，评估过程简单易行，分级结果符合实际，具有较强的可操作性和一定的推广意义。

"Bird Man's Diary, Butting on the Love Island", Changsha, China

2008年"鸟人日记，顶在爱情岛"，中国长沙

As long as they were in the service of a family of wizards, their magic would remain dormant.

只要他们一天为家庭服务，他们的法力就潜藏不动。