查询词典 it is self-evident

In this learning model , in the circumstance of internet , the investigative learning activity of learner is self-antimating ,self-guiding and it must have the definite cognitive inquirment and learning direction ,and it is an internet learning behavior . A learner can search for the correct starting point ,basing on self-level and the choice of study materials ,the establishment of study goal can be made by his need .In the course of study ,the learner can have a self-reconsideration, have a self-evaluation, and can expand the free space of study activity .

WBQ（Web-based Query）学习模式是基于因特网的探究式学习，在这种学习模式下，学习者在网络环境下的探究学习活动是自我驱动、自我引导的，具有明确的认知需要和学习方向，是一种内在的学习行为，学习者根据自身的水平，寻找适当的学习行为起点，学习材料的选择、学习目标的确定由学习者根据自己的学习需要而定，在学习过程中学习者进行自我反思、自我评价，真正扩大了学习者学习活动的自由空间。

The learning model of WBQ bases on the investigative internet study .In this learning model , in the circumstance of internet , the investigative learning activity of learner is self-antimating ,self-guiding and it must have the definite cognitive inquirment and learning direction ,and it is an internet learning behavior . A learner can search for the correct starting point ,basing on self-level and the choice of study materials ,the establishment of study goal can be made by his need .In the course of study ,the learner can have a self-reconsideration, have a self-evaluation, and can expand the free space of study activity .

WBQ（Web-based Query）学习模式是基于因特网的探究式学习，在这种学习模式下，学习者在环境下的探究学习活动是自我驱动、自我引导的，具有明确的认知需要和学习方向，是一种内在的学习行为，学习者根据自身的水平，寻找适当的学习行为起点，学习材料的选择、学习目标的确定由学习者根据自己的学习需要而定，在学习过程中学习者进行自我反思、自我评价，真正扩大了学习者学习活动的自由空间。

Act of self - help is a way of right relief which has been confirmed by civil code in many countries. It can compensate for the insufficiency of public relief. Essentially, it is an entity of just and order, right and power, right protection and precaution of right abuse. Self - help behavior can debar the effect of breaking law if it accords with the legal request. Our country' s civil code should construct the act of self - help system..

自助行为作为民事权利私力救济的方式之一，为近现代各国民法所确认，其功能在于弥补公力救济之不足，自助行为在本质上是秩序与正义、个人权利与国家权力、权利保障与防止权力滥用的对立统一，自助行为符合法定的构成要件，方可产生阻却违法的效果，我国民法典应当建立自助行为制度。

As a part of enlightening culture, the enlightening literature is definitely a window that publicizes the logos spirit, however, literature is different from philosophy, literature is the artistic transexpression of the Zeitgeist, but not the direct expression of the rational principles, in the eighteenth century the thought of natural logos brought the production of the free humanity of literature, Faust pursues and explores forward constantly, which stands for the permanent"human"spirit, it means the human's release and rein on the atman, it is the natural situation after breaking the fetters, and it is the revertion of the human natural inbeing; Naive man is the unit that has not been touched by"civilization", it is the origianl nature of human beings, during the conflict and collision of these two different cultures--"nature"and"civilization", it holds the independent free spirit homestead; emotion is natural, when the society made it institutionalized, it is catabolized, Lockersha Na heard the voice of heart under the system of plural marriage, she released the human natural emotion, reverted the natural humanity; under the"civilization", individuality is deprived,"civilization"becomes the contrary of civilization, Rameau's nephew championed the individual existence and freedom in the period of losing"self", it stands for the"self"shaping in the independent pose.

启蒙文学作为启蒙文化的一部分，它自然是张扬自然理性精神的一个窗口，然而，文学又不同于哲学，文学是对时代精神作艺术化的转达，而不是理性原则的直接的传声筒，十八世纪自然理性的思想养料孕育的是文学中自由人性的灿烂之花，浮士德不断地向上求索，代表着永不息止的"人"的精神，"人"的精神是人对于自我本体的一种释放与驾驭，是挣脱枷锁之后的自由状态，是对人之自然本性的还原；天真汉是未曾受过"文明"浸染的个体，代表人类之原本的自然天性，在"自然"与"文明"两种异质文化的冲突与碰撞中，维系着个体独立自由的精神家园；情感本属自然的，在社会将其制度化的同时，也将其异化了，洛克莎娜在一夫多妻制下，聆听的是个体心底之声，释放人之自然感情，复原自然之人性；"文明"下，个体性被剥夺，"文明"已堕入文明的对立面，拉摩的侄儿在"我"丧失的时代，捍卫了个体自我的在场性与自由性，代表了以独立个体之姿存在的"我"。

But this is the love of sensation, of sentiment--the absurdest of absurd vanities: it is the love of pleasure, not the love of happiness. The one is a love which is self-centered, self-devoted, self-interested: It desires its own interest; it is the parent of jealousy.

它追求大伙的幸福－－首先是对方的幸福，不是因为对方给予欢乐，也不仅因为对方使自己幸福，而是因为这种爱真正无愧于心，因为它有力量，有情感，并能无私奉献，因为美德的可爱而爱美德－－不是因为怕下地狱或想升天堂而为他人求得幸福，而是出于纯朴无华的美德。

Scepticism's lack of thought about itself must vanish, because it is in fact one consciousness of itself, as self-liberating, unchangeable, and self-identical, and as self-bewildering and self-perverting , and it is the awareness of this self-contradictory nature of itself.

那对自身缺乏〔辩证〕思想的怀疑主义必定要消逝，因为事实上它是包含着这两种方式在自身内的一个意识。因此这个新的形态自己意识到它是双重的意识，一方面意识到它是自己解放自己的、不变的、自身同一的意识，另一方面又意识到它是绝对自身紊乱的和颠倒错乱的意识，亦即意识到自己的矛盾的意识。

This word, aivarya, is important for three reasons: first, it attests the complete self-mastery, independence and freedom of the Self - it is not subject to the tyranny of unwanted internal or external forces (unlike the mundane ego comprised of the unstable, conditioned and labile skandhas); second, it hints at a controlling, regulating intelligence: a knowing and utterly free mind (the "transcendental knowing" which the Buddha elsewhere in the sūtra links to the Self); and thirdly, it is of course linguistically related to the Sanskrit noun, Isvara, which in the Brahmanical environment in which Buddhism had its roots denoted God (more particularly the god, Shiva).

第二，它暗示了一个控制，调节，通常的智慧；一个知道和完全自由的心理（这个先验的知道佛在佛经之中的另外地方与自我联系，而第三，它当然是与梵语的名词相关的，自在，在婆罗门的环境之中佛教有它的根符号的神。

The UV and IR spectroscopic studies of the monomer films showed that the photoreaction ratio of monomer (about 50%) was higher than the corresponding photosensitive polymer (about 10%, PVCi). The polarized IR spectra proved that obvious anisotropic absorption was displayed in the irradiated photosensitive film. With polarizing microscopy method, we found that these kinds of photoalignment films exhibited good alignment ability, and the stability of the photoalignment film could reach about 100℃. 2 A photosensitive self-assembled monolayer was fabricated that contained photo-cycloadditable groups, such as, coumarin and cinnamate. The reaction process were detected by contact angle method because the IR absorption of monolayer was very weak. The photosensitive self-assembled monolayer promote uniform alignment of nematic liquid crystals by LPUV, and it thermal stability could reach about 130℃. 3 A cationic bolaform amphiphiles was synthesized that had two photosensitive double bonds, and can be polymerized by ultraviolet. A layer-by-layer self-assembled deposition film was prepared in aqueous solution by using this material and poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate). The UV-Vis. spectra proved that the multilayers film was uniform and layer-by-layer. When LPUV irradiated the film, the photopolymerizable double bond underwent [2+2] cycloaddition, and the production of the reaction distributed along the polarized direction of incident LPUV. Polarized UV-Vis. spectra indicated that the irradiated self-assembled multiplayer film was anisotropic, and the dichromic ration is about 0.09, it is higher than the spin-coating method of photosensitive polymer or monomer. We used this anisotropic film as alignment layer of nematic liquid crystals, and obtained a uniform and stability alignment result, the static contrast ratio is about 100, which is very close to application of liquid crystal device. This thesis is an instance that the photochemical material was used in the physics region of liquid crystals, the route that was from photosensitive monomer, self-assembled monolayer film to self-assembled multiplayer film was undergone, by this logical research method photoailgnment of liquid crystal was extended and consummated.

围绕上述思路开展了如下工作：1合成了三种可进行光二聚反应的光敏小分子单体，LPUV 辐照制作了光控取向膜；用紫外-可见光谱法和红外光谱法分析了薄膜中的光化学反应，发现小分子的光反应程度可达到50%以上，至少比光敏高分子高出5倍；薄膜的偏振红外光谱证实，经过LPUV 辐照后薄膜出现了明显的各向异性；将小分子光控取向膜制成液晶器件，在偏光显微镜下观察看到均匀一致的液晶取向；并且热稳定性达到100℃左右，接近实用化要求。2制备了含肉桂酸、香豆素基团的自组装单层膜；采用接触角的方法监测自组装反应的动力学过程；紫外-可见光谱证实了自组装单层膜在石英基板表面形成；自组装单层膜经LPUV 辐照后能诱导液晶均匀取向，而且热稳定性可达130℃，热稳定性进一步提高。3合成了含有光敏双键的双季铵盐，在水溶液状态下将它和聚乙烯基苯磺酸钠沉积生成layer-by-layer 自组装多层膜，紫外-可见光谱证实这是一个逐层均匀的沉积；在LPUV 照射下，自组装膜中的光敏双键按照偏振方向发生[2+2]环加成反应，形成取向膜，用二向色性值评价的分子取向度高于高分子及小分子光控取向膜的水平；实验证明用自组装多层膜制成的液晶器件亮暗态均匀，静态对比度约为100，达到实用化器件的水平。

As a part of enlightening culture, the enlightening literature is definitely a window that publicizes the logos spirit, however, literature is different from philosophy, literature is the artistic transexpression of the Zeitgeist, but not the direct expression of the rational principles, in the eighteenth century the thought of natural logos brought the production of the free humanity of literature, Faust pursues and explores forward constantly, which stands for the permanent"human"spirit, it means the human's release and rein on the atman, it is the natural situation after breaking the fetters, and it is the revertion of the human natural inbeing; Naive man is the unit that has not been touched by"civilization", it is the origianl nature of human beings, during the conflict and collision of these two different cultures--"nature"and"civilization", it holds the independent free spirit homestead; emotion is natural, when the society made it institutionalized, it is catabolized, Lockersha Na heard the voice of heart under the system of plural marriage, she released the human natural emotion, reverted the natural humanity; under the"civilization", individuality is deprived,"civilization"becomes the contrary of civilization, Rameau's nephew championed the individual existence and freedom in the period of losing"self", it stands for the"self"shaping in the independent pose.

启蒙文学作为启蒙文化的一部分，它自然是张扬自然理性精神的一个窗口，然而，文学又不同于哲学，文学是对时代精神作艺术化的转达，而不是理性原则的直接的传声筒，十八世纪自然理性的思想养料孕育的是文学中自由人性的灿烂之花，浮士德不断地向上求索，代表着永不息止的&人&的精神，&人&的精神是人对于自我本体的一种释放与驾驭，是挣脱枷锁之后的自由状态，是对人之自然本性的还原；天真汉是未曾受过&文明&浸染的个体，代表人类之原本的自然天性，在&自然&与&文明&两种异质文化的冲突与碰撞中，维系着个体独立自由的精神家园；情感本属自然的，在社会将其制度化的同时，也将其异化了，洛克莎娜在一夫多妻制下，聆听的是个体心底之声，释放人之自然感情，复原自然之人性；&文明&下，个体性被剥夺，&文明&已堕入文明的对立面，拉摩的侄儿在&我&丧失的时代，捍卫了个体自我的在场性与自由性，代表了以独立个体之姿存在的&我&。

As the necessary choice of modern cultural creation, self-conscious symbol design always emerges as a specific cultural creation activity by human dealing with the relation to the outside objective symbolic world under specific historical conditions, which is a functional transcendent activity, a programmed cultural creation activity seeking for concreteness against abstractness, and it is also a cultural creation activity with self-discipline, compatibility, and pre-examination value with the ability of self-reflection, self-criticism, self-transcendence and self-creation, therefore, it is a choice of cultural practice which is helpful for us to guide contemporary human cultural creation according to complex situations and it is also one to further control the future and development trend of our culture.

摘 要：作为现代文化创造之必然选择，自觉符号设计在具体历史条件下总是表现为人处理同外界客观符号世界关系的特定文化创造活动，它既是一种功能性超越活动，又是一种不断寻求具体、反对抽象的程式化文化创造活动，还是一种兼顾自律性、兼容性与预验性价值的文化创造活动。它具备自我反省、自我批判、自我超越、自我创造能力，有助于我们按照复杂情况来引导当代人类文化创造，更好地把握自身文化未来与发展趋势。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。