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We have carried out analyses on gas, mineral cement and bulk rock compositions and isotope ratios together with petrography and fluid inclusion to assess the origin of the H2S.

为了评估 H2S 的成因，分析了气体、矿物胶结物和全岩的组分和同位素，并进行了岩石学和流体包裹体的研究。

Some global consistent and comparable marine Sr isotope curves for the Phanerozoic have been established recently.

近年来，显生宙以来海水锶同位素的变化曲线不断得以补充和修正，已建立起具有全球一致性、可对比的海水锶同位素变化曲线背景值，为锶同位素的应用奠定了基础。

In some cases, stratigraphic relations require these excursions to be sustained for millions of years at values even below the mantle average of -5‰, the minimum value for a steady state C isotope mass balance in the Phanerozoic ocean.

某种程度上来说，层序的相关性需要至少低于地幔平均值-5‰并且至少多个百万年的同位素数值来获得，稳定碳同位素最小值对于新生代海洋碳同位素平衡起到了平衡的作用。

We show that the combined oxygen and carbon isotope systematics are identical to those of well-understood Phanerozoic examples that lithified in coastal pore fluids, receiving a large groundwater influx of photosynthetic carbon from terrestrial phytomass.

他们得出一个引人注目的结论：这些氧和碳同位素的组合体系与我们非常了解的显生宙样品中的相同；显生宙样品岩化在了沿海的孔隙液中，接受着含有来自陆地植物质的光合作用碳的地下水流入。

The terrestrial expansion of an extensive, simple land biota indicated by the isotope data may thus have been a critical step in the transition from the Precambrian to the Phanerozoic world.

大量简单陆地生物的暴发显示同位素数据也同步发生着改变，这种改变从前寒武纪开始并且延续到显生宙的世界。

We show that the combined oxygen and carbon isotope systematics are identical to those of well understood Phanerozoic examples that lithified in coastal pore fluids, receiving a large groundwater influx of photosynthetic carbon from terrestrial phytomass.

被广泛报道的新元古代碳酸盐中13C/12C 比例的下降并非是碳周期的波动，它们更容易通过与显生宙样品类比来理解。这个结果可能表明，在前寒武纪晚期，受由能够进行光合作用的藻类、苔藓和真菌构成的一层贴地覆盖物的影响，当时的地球正在发生"绿化"。

Study on the lithology and petrology (fine-grained cold-quenching ring of the enclaves, the reverse vein, the complex enclaves, the plagioclase phenocryst from both host rock and enclaves that is consist on the crystal form, composition and light, et al.), petrogeochemistry (Y/Nb=2.77～6.82, La/Nb=0.91～4.33, Ba/Nb=0.13～37.86, et al.), Sr and Nd isotope most ISr between 0.7031～0.7041,εNd(t=5.2～7.1 and LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating (the host rock age is 311±12Ma, and enclaves is 306±7Ma), believe the Huangyangshan pluton is crust-mantle hybrid genesis.

通过岩石学和岩相学（包体细粒淬冷边，反向脉，复合包体以及寄主岩石和包体中斜长石斑晶在形态、成分、光性上的一致性等），岩石地球化学（Y/Nb=2.77～6.82，La/Nb=0.91～4.33，Ba/Nb=0.13～37.86等），Sr和Nd同位素（ISr多数在0.7031～0.7041，εNd在5.2～7.1之间）以及LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年（寄主岩石为311±12Ma，包体为306±7Ma）综合研究认为黄羊山花岗岩是壳-幔源岩浆混合成因的。

Base on above studies, some conclusions were obtained as follows:(1) ore-forming background of the studied ferromanganese crusts are mainly controlled by intensity of Antarctic Bottom Waters and variations of material source;(2) it is confirmed that the ferromanganese crusts are mainly hydrogenetic and their composition are affected by volcanic and continental material simultaneously; there are no obvious phosphatization reconstruction and element reaction occurred in them, so they have important paleoceanological significance;(3) from researches on element occurrence modes in the new-type ferromanganese crusts and the lying sediments, it is proposed that there is no great biological affection on the crusts formation and their composition mainly came from the adsorptive action of the ferromanganese oxides in them;(4) two major types of ore-controlling factors are identified through compilation of ore-controlling factors, which are geological and oceanic factors;(5) considering the long-term variation trends of the crusts composition, combing the U-series and 10Be isotope dating results, it is proposed that the ore-forming processes of ferromanganese crusts in the studied areas can be divided into three major stages (5.6~2.8 Ma, 2.8~2.7 Ma and since 2.7 Ma), and then the activities of AABW since the Late Miocene, changes of input flux coming from volcanic and continental material are confirmed.

通过研究，得出如下结论：(1)研究区铁锰结壳的成矿背景主要受控于南极底流强弱及物源供给的变化；(2)证实铁锰结壳主要为水成成因，同时其物质组成也受一定程度的火山和陆源物质的影响；结壳自形成以来没有遭受到明显的磷酸盐化等成岩后期改造和元素再迁移，具有重要的古海洋学意义；(3)通过新型铁锰结壳及下伏沉积物元素赋存状态的研究，认为生物作用对研究区结壳的形成并没有很大的直接影响，其物质成分主要来自于结壳中铁锰氧化物的吸附作用；(4)在控矿要素的研究中，归纳出了地质与海洋两大类结壳控矿要素；(5)根据结壳成分长周期变化趋势，结合铀系和10Be测年结果，将研究区结壳的形成过程划分为三个主要阶段(5.6~2.8 Ma，2.8~2.7 Ma和2.7 Ma以来)，并确定了晚中新世以来研究区南极底流的活动情况、火山和大陆来源物质输入量的变化。

The entropy values are extracted by using several methods which use the d/p ratios, dlike/plike ratios, reduced yield of isotope deuterons R and the reduced multiplicity of charged particles Mred, respectively.

和目前已经有的其他方法相比，约化d产额这一提取熵方法可以用于较低能量的重离子核反应中，并且数据处理分析简单。

We also investigated the stomatal indices and carbon isotope composition of fossil angiosperm leaves, and then calculated paleo-CO_2 level and phytophysiological parameters in Pliocene.

根据被子植物叶片的气孔指数和碳同位素组成对古大气CO_2浓度和植物古生理参数进行了定量重建。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。