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A cross was made between two isolates of Magnaporthe grisea, CH63 and TH16. A total of 78 ascospore isolates were tested for pathogenicity on 36 rice varieties. The 71 pathotypes were clearly observed in the sexual progeny.

报导了两个稻瘟菌株CH63和TH16的杂交后代在36个水稻品种上的致病性分离、遗传分析以及无毒基因组成的分析结果。78个子囊孢子菌株中呈现显著的致病性分离，共出现71种致病类型，在不同品种上分别出现1：1、1：3、3：1、1：7、1：15和15：1等的无毒性／毒性分离，表明供试菌株对不同品种的无毒性／毒性是一个或多个基因控制的。

A total of 197 F2 plants from the cross Chuanmai 42×Yr24/3*Avocet S and 726 F2 plants from Chuanmai 42×Yr26/3*Avocet S showed high resistance to CYR32 without segregations. Seedling testes with 26 PST isolates showed an identical reaction patterns for Chuanmai 42 (YrCH42), Yr24/3*Avocet S (Yr24) and Yr26/3*Avocet S (Yr26). In considering the allelic test of two F2 populations and seedling responses to 26 PST isolates as well as chromosome locations, YrCH42, Yr24 and Yr26 are likely to be the same gene.

苗期用26个条锈生理小种检测川麦42、Yr24/3*Avocet S和Yr26/3*Avocet S，结果显示这三个材料的抗谱完全相同；结合YrCH42、Yr24和Yr26的来源及其在染色体上的位置，推测这三个基因很可能是同一基因。

In our study,42 isolates were tested,in which 22 isolates were found to be resistant to chloroquine and the others were susceptible.

结果42个样本中，pfmdr1第86位氨基酸均未发生突变，即86位氨基酸是野生型的Asn，而不是突变型的Tyr。

Then the detection rates of MRS on the three phenotype testing methods were compared with each other. Results A total of 187 clinical staphylococcus isolates were tested including 78 staphylococcus aureus isolates and 109 coagulase negative staphylococcus.

分别采用头孢西丁纸片扩散法、苯唑西林盐琼脂纸片扩散法、Vitek-32 AMS检测187株临床分离葡萄球菌对甲氧西林的耐药性，并比较这三种方法对MRS检出率的差异。

Then they were identified by serum plate agglutining test, HI test and serotype-specific monocolonal antibody. The results showed that 15 isolates among them were serotype A, and 4 isolates were serovar B. This results indicates that there are some new epidemiological characteristics of infectious coryza in china.

又将分离株用血清平板凝集试验、血凝抑制试验和型特异性单抗进行了血清型的鉴定，结果表明分离菌有15株为A型，4株为B型，说明我国鸡传染性鼻炎的流行已经出现了新的特点，在疾病预防和控制中应加以注意。

567Enlightenment, on its side, equally isolates the actual world as an entity forsaken by Spirit, isolates determinateness as unmoved finitude, as if it were not even a moment in the spiritual movement of essential being, not nothing, but also not something that absolutely is, but something that is evanescent.

贺译（ p102－103）：至于启蒙呢，在它这一方面也是一样，它同样把现实孤立为一种被精神遗弃了的本质，把规定性孤立为一种固定不移的有限物，仿佛既不是本质的精神活动中的一个环节，又不是无，也不是一种什么自在自为地存在着的东西，而勿宁是一种消逝着的东西。

This review summarizes the research progress in biology, molecular biology, isolates and control of it, particularly on the research of the virus genome and the sequence difference among isolates by using molecular method.

概述了国内外关于柑橘碎叶病毒的生物学、分子生物学、病毒的株系和控制方面的研究进展，尤其是对近些年用分子生物学方法研究病毒的基因组和株系序列差异方面的情况作了详细的介绍。

As showed above, we could draw the conclusion that H3 viruses could cause outbreaks or local epidemics in Shanghai for the immune of population to the new emerging antigenic drift was still unknown though there was strong immune barrier to the previous vaccine strain, H1 viruses also may caused epidemics as the population had a weak immune protection to the previous reference strains A/New Caledonia/20/99-like and part of the recent isolates were distingwishing from them and continued to evolute on the new reference strain, and H5N1 HPAI activities has expanded its geographical range thus increasing the size of the population at risk as the continuing emergence of human cases which give the virus an opportunity to evolve towards a fully transmissible pandemic strain. We should keep eyes on the human cases of avian influenza virus an its variation for the H5 isolates in Shanghai also has the possibility to infect human directly and the infection of H5, H9 viruses had previously occurred in the population especially in those contacting with animals.

综合上述分析结果，我们认为上海地区人群虽然对原有的H3亚型参考病毒株有较高的免疫保护，但H3亚型病毒HA已出现新的抗原漂移，人群现在对新变异株的保护水平尚未知，有可能在未来引起局限性暴发甚至地方性流行；人群对H1亚型流感病毒免疫保护水平低，同时H1亚型流感病毒株部分与原推荐疫苗株抗原性差别较大，并在现推荐疫苗株基础上继续变异，需警惕发生流行的可能性；H5N1亚型高致病性禽流感地域范围扩大，人间病例不断发生，存在演变成大流行株的威胁，上海市H5亚型禽流感病毒株存在跨宿主屏障感染人类的可能性，而且已发现人群尤其禽、畜类动物接触人群中存在H5、H9亚型流感病毒的既往感染，应警惕禽流感病毒的变异和人间病例的发生。

The broth dilution method was used to determine MICs of fluoroquinolones against the QnrS-positive isolates. The accumulation of ciprofloxacin and the effect of efflux pump inhibitor, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone for tested isolates of E.coli were measured by a fluorescenece method.

采用肉汤微量稀释法测定QnrS阳性株对氟喹诺酮类药物的MIC，荧光测定法检测盐酸环丙沙星在QnrS阳性株体内浓度的变化及能量抑制剂碳酰氰间氯苯腙对菌体内药物蓄积的影响。

Pathogenicity of 83 Curvularia isolates including 76 isolates from corn and 7 isolates from other hosts were tested in seedling and adult stage of corns. Among these species based on morphology, C. lunata, C. pallescens, C. lunate var. aeria, C. clavata and C. ovoidea could cause the typical Curvularia leaf spot symptom that lesions are grayish spots up to 1mm in diameter appear in the centers and straw-colored or chlorotic halos may surround the lesions.

以上方面的研究结果表明：通过形态鉴定，来自玉米弯孢菌叶斑病病害标样中的148株弯孢菌被鉴定为9个种和1个变种，即新月弯孢菌、苍白弯孢(C.pallescens)、新月弯孢菌气生变种(C.lunata var.aeria)、棒弯孢、C.ovoidea、不等弯孢(C.inaequalis)、塞河弯孢(C.senegalensis)、香茅弯孢(C.cymbopogonis)、Curvularia sp〓和Curvularia sp〓。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。