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Isolates isolated from maize and 3 isolates from rice, wheat, adzuki bean in ten provinces were identified as Curvularia lunata. Based on the culture characters, such as color of colony, aerial myeelia, the number of conidia, there were some difference among 43 isolates. Meanwhile, five types of conidium were compared in culture characters and virulence. In each single conidia culture there were different morphic conidia also and no difference in virulence was found among five single-conidium cultures.

收集并分离我国10个省的玉米叶斑病病原物40个以及水稻、小麦、红小豆上的C.lunata分离物3个；对分离物进行培养性状、产孢能力及形态特征的研究结果表明：分离物在菌落颜色、气生菌丝的繁茂程度、产孢量的多少等方面存在明显的差异；同一分离物内分生孢子在形态方面有差异，不同形态单孢继代培养后仍出现多种形态分生孢子，但各单孢培养系在致病力上无差异。

Furthermore, the results of the antibiotics sensitivity test of 38 isolates to 24 kinds antibiotics show that all isolates have presented antibiotic resistance disparately as well as multi-resistance. All isolates are sensitive to Cephalosporins antibiotics and Aminoglycosides antibiotics such as Amikacin, Cefazolin, Cefradine, Cefoperazone, and Ceftriaxone. Thirty-eight isolates are extremely resistant to Penicillins antibiotics, Lincomycins antibiotics, Tetracyclines antibiotics and Macrolides antibiotics such as Midecamycine, Lincomycin, Carbenicillin, Tetracycline, Amoxicillin and so on. Antibiotics sensitivity test provides guidance for antibiotic application and scientific foundation from poultry farms.

按世界卫生组织推荐的Kirby-Bauer菌液涂布法对38株大肠杆菌进行24种抗生素的药物敏感性试验，结果表明：38株大肠杆菌均有不同程度的耐药，而且均表现多重耐药；较为敏感的抗生素是头孢菌素类和氨基糖苷类抗生素，其中以阿米卡星、头孢唑啉、头孢拉定、头孢哌酮和头孢三嗪最为敏感；对青霉素类抗生素、林可胺类抗生素、四环素类抗生素和大环内酯类抗生素耐药严重，其中以麦迪霉素、林可霉素、氨苄青霉素、四环素和阿莫西林耐药性最为严重；药物敏感试验为保定、秦皇岛和北京三个地区养鸡业提供科学的用药指南，为药物防治提供科学依据。

Reaction of 24 Einkorn accessions to mixed inoculum of powdery mildew and stripe rust,and two T.urartu accessions UR204,UR206 and a T.monococcum accession MO205 were used for reaction to a set of 15 differential Blumeria graminis tritici isolates and 21 differential Puccinia striiformis isolates,respectively.Among them,UR206 was resistant to all 15 isolates,UR204 was resistant to 14 isolates except E11,and MO205 showed different resistant types.The results indicated that most likely UR206 and UR204 carried new powdery mildew resistance genes that were different from 18 known Pm genes and MO205 carried new stripe rust gene that were different from 24 known Yr genes.

本研究对24份一粒小麦分别进行了白粉病和条锈病混合菌种苗期接种鉴定，进一步分别用一套白粉病菌菌株(15个)对2份乌拉尔图小麦和条锈病菌小种(21个)对1份栽培一粒小麦进行接种鉴定，其中乌拉尔图小麦UR206能抵抗所有供试白粉菌菌株，UR204除对白粉菌菌株E11感病外，对其余菌株表现抗性；栽培一粒小麦MO205对不同条锈菌小种表现出不同的抗性反应，研究表明乌拉尔图小麦UR206、UR204和栽培一粒小麦MO205分别含有与已知抗白粉病和抗条锈病基因不同的新基因。

They shared the highest homology to "world-B" group isolates in Brassica pathotype (between 91.8% and 100%). Phylogenetic analysis based on the CP gene sequences of TuMV strains or isolates showed that these 6 TuMV isolates from Shandong belonged to "world-B" group.

所得6个分离物的CP基因的核苷酸序列同源性较高，在97.0%～99.4%之间，系统进化分析表明：它们与Brassica致病型分离物中的world-B组分离物的同源性最高（91.8%～100%），亲缘关系最近，从而从分子水平上将TuMV山东分离物划分为world-B组。

It also indicated that the oospore production of Mtr isolates was obviously less than those of the parental isolates, and that the mycelium production of Mtr isolates was a little reduced compared to those of the parental isolates in liquid culture.

研究结果还表明，抗性菌株的卵孢子的产生量也明显低于其亲本菌株，抗性菌株在液体培养基中的菌丝较其亲本菌株生长量有所减少。

Results Several amino acid substitutions located in antigenic sites or receptor binding sites were found more in the isolates than the current vaccine virus or the isolates from previous year. Amino acid substitution was found in 3, 140, 142, 144, 145, 158, 159, 189, 192, 193, 198, 204, 225, 226 and 227 positions in the isolates during 2003-2008, more amino acid substitutions took place in antigenic determinant A, B and receptor binding site.

结果 每个流行期分离的毒株都较当年的疫苗株或前一年的毒株出现了位于不同抗原决定簇或者受体结合位点的氨基酸替换。2003-2008年不同流行期分离株在3，140、142、144、145、158、159、189、192、193、198、204，225、226和227位点氨基酸发生了变化，多数的改变发生在抗原决定簇A、B及RBS。

The results Showed that twenty isolates have the following biological aspects:① Capability of forming capsule,② Growth at 37℃ within 3days,③ Forming brown colonies on Niger seed agar, CACA agar,④ Urea hydrolysis test positive within 96 hours.⑤ No blue colonies were found on CGB agar.⑥ The genus could be identified by ID32 identification kid, but the species could not.⑦ The sequence of the LSUrDNA D1/D2 region analyzed confirmed to be C. neoformans var neoformans.⑧ Serotype A and AD were found in these isolates, Serotype A was predominant(83.33%),⑨ Some biodiversities of isolates existed.

结果 20株菌皆具有以下特征：①形成英膜，②37℃3天内生长试验皆为阳性，③咖啡酸玉米琼脂和油菊籽培养基皆可以产生褐色菌落，④尿素酶试验96h皆呈阳性，⑤CGB培养基未见蓝色菌落生长，⑥ID32鉴定板可以鉴定到属，种的鉴定结果各不相同，⑦大亚基核糖体DNA的D1/D2区域序列分析证实皆为新生隐球菌的新生变种，⑧血清型仅见A和AD二型，以A型为多数(83.33%)，⑨20株临床分离株随机扩增DNA多态性分析有一定的生态多样性。

Methods Two arrays of isolates were used to evaluate the reliability of ChromID ESBL. One array contained 285 clinical isolates in which the ESBLs-producing feature was screened by confirmatory tests recommended by Clinical and laboratory Standards Institute. The other array contained 28 enterobacterial isolates with their ESBLs gene and producing enzyme feature being confirmed previously.

用2组肠杆菌科细菌进行评估，一组为285株上海地区检出的临床分离株，这些菌株已用美国临床实验室标准化研究所推荐的确证试验确认了是否产ESBLs，另一组28株产ESBLS肠杆菌科细菌，在以前的研究工作中已确认了这些菌株的产酶特性和ESBLs。

In the mortality studies, 8 isolates infected more than 80% of the grubs, another 65 isolates infected more than 50% of the grubs and the rest of the isolates had a low level of pathogenicity with 107 conidia/mL concentration.

於致死试验中，有8个分离株感染了超过80%的蛴螬，另有65个分离株感染了超过50%的蛴螬，而其余浓度为10^7 conidia/mL的分离株致病力低。

The real-time PCR results show that 10 isolates were amplified while 54 isolates did not produce considerable amplification. So that , the 10 isolates were identified as E coli O157 and the 54 isolates were non- E coli O157, which comply with the results of serotyping.

说明出现扩增曲线的10株细菌是大肠杆菌0157，未出现指数扩增的54株细菌是非0157大肠杆菌，荧光定量PCR法和血清学检测结果完全一致。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。