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Third, we studied the N-alkylation of phthalimide, indole, benzimidazole, succinimide with a variety of halogen in ionic liquid [BF4], [PF_6]. The present method has many obvious advantages, compared to those reported in the literature, including the generality, simplicity of the methodology, the ease of product isolation, the higher yield and potential for recycling of ionic liquids.

第三、研究了离子液体[BF_4]、[PF_6]和BF_4促进邻苯二甲酰亚胺、吲哚、苯并咪唑、丁二酰亚胺的N-烷基化反应，克服了传统溶剂中进行N-烷基化反应要求强碱、反应条件苛刻、时间长、产率一般的不足，改善了反应条件、提高了产率。

Pillared clay is a kind of the mineral materials, which is synthesized by pillaring inorganic polycations or organic ionic groups into clay minerals. Modified clay is a two-dimensional mineral material with large surface area, high thermal stability, strong surface acidity and variable pore size, therefore it is widely used in such fields as catalyst, sewerage treatment, antibacterial material, photic functional material, ionic conductor, pharmacy, nano-complex preparation and nuclear scrap treatment.

柱撑粘土是矿物材料的一种，它是一种由聚合无机阳离子或有机离子插入粘土矿物中而形成的一种具有二维孔洞的矿物材料，具有比表面积大、热稳定性好、表面酸性强以及孔径可变等特性，因此在催化、污水处理、抗菌材料、光功能材料、离子导体、制药、纳米级复合材料制备、核废料处置等领域有着广阔的应用前景。

Conclude in compound of ionic coexistence, ionic equation, element, the in corroding iron of experiment of sex of compound composition analysis, dug, metal is appropriative important role, it is carrier with iron element knowledge especially, in chemistry experiment, material concludes and chemistry is calculated (oxidize to be calculated reductively especially) have a lot of window examination questions.

在离子共存、离子方程式、元素化合物推断、化合物成分分析、探究性实验、金属的腐蚀中铁充当重要的角色，非凡是以铁元素知识为载体，在化学实验、物质推断和化学计算都有许多亮点试题。

Starting from the hydroxylamine (dimethyl amino ethanol, triethanolamine) and 1, 3-propane sultone, a series of hydroxyl and sulfonyl dual-functionalized zwitterionic salts were synthesized. Then dual-functionalized ionic liquids containing both hydroxyl and sulfonyl functional groups were produced successfully by zwitterionic salts and three kinds of strong acids (p-toluene sulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid) respectively. The structure of zwitterionic salts and dual-functional ionic liquids were confirmed by the 1H NMR and IR.

以羟基有机胺(N，N-二甲基乙醇胺，三乙醇胺)为原料与1，3-磺酸内酯反应合成了一系列含有羟基和磺酸基双官能团的内盐，并将所得到的内盐分别与三种强酸(对甲苯磺酸，三氟磺酸，甲磺酸)反应，成功地合成了双功能化室温离子液体，并通过红外光谱、核磁氢谱测定，证实了内盐和双功能化离子液体的结构。

In order to improve the catalytic performances of the chloroaluminate, some organic chemicals with strong electron-donating capacity,such as benzene,alkylbenzene,thioalcohol and thiophene,were introduced into the ionic liquids to modify the ionic liquids.

为改善氯铝酸离子液体的催化性能，向氯铝酸离子液体中引入微量具有供电子能力的苯，烷基苯，硫醇，噻吩等助剂，对离子液体进行改性。

Mixture of BMIPF6 ionic liquid and acdic ionic liquid triethyl(propyl-3-sulfonyl ammonium methanesulfonate was prepared.

在BMIPF6离子液体中加入酸性离子液体磺酸丙基三乙基铵甲基磺酸盐，配成酸性的离子液体溶液。

In the second part, the current-voltage characteristics of the sensors were measured, their charge ionic mobilities were measured with polar inversion method and their ionic numbers were computed. It has found that ionization effect of some binding ions against a critical humidity took place in switchable humidity-sensitive materials, the effect is that some binding ions in materials turn into free ions when a given ambient humidity is reached called a critical humidity, avalanching conduct electricity occurs in materials.

在第二部分中，测试了高分子电阻型湿敏元件和开关型湿敏元件的伏—安特性，并用极性反转法测试了其导电离子的迁移率以及计算了相关的导电离子数目，发现了开关型湿敏元件的束缚离子的最小湿度电离效应：当环境湿度达到或者大于一特定湿度时，这一特定湿度称之为最小湿度，材料中某些束缚离子才电离成自由的导电离子，形成雪崩式导电。

The formulation in the study for the first time combined four types of additives including ionic surfactant,non-ionic emulsifier (Pluronic F-68 and Tween-80),and lecithin to obtain favorably stable nanosuspension,which could stabilize for more than six months without creaming.

4种表面活性剂的复配[两种非离子乳化剂(Pluronic F-68和Tween 80)，离子型表面活性剂以及卵磷脂]可以制备稳定6个月而不分层的纳米混悬液。

The application results from fluorination showed microwave heating could accelerate chemical reactions markedly. The reaction time could be shortened 50% at least than that of conventional heating. The relationship between fluorinating agents\' structure and their activity was studied systematically. In addition, an anhydrous KF with higher activity was prepared by using expansion effect of microwave heating. As we known, solvents were very important to reaction. The comprehensive study showed some less polar aromatic solvents could be used as dipolar solvents. In addition, they had better effect than dipolar solvents in some occasions, such as fluorination of chlorobenzaldehydes and chlorinated diphenyl ketones etc. The primary applications of ionic liquids were also studied which indicated reactions with ionic liquids as solvents were more efficient and simple.

研究表明，微波是一种节能高效的加热方式，在微波作用下的卤素交换氟化反应具有反应速度快、转化率高、选择性好的优点，其反应时间可较常规加热缩短50%以上；同时也系统地研究了氟化剂种类及制备方式对其反应活性的影响，并利用微波加热的膨化作用制备出了一种活性较高的KF，其活性与喷雾干燥KF相差不大；溶剂对反应具有重要的作用，在此系统地研究了强极性非质子溶剂和中等极性非质子溶剂的应用情况，发现一些中等极性的非质子溶剂如硝基芳烃和氯代芳烃类溶剂在氯代苯甲醛类化合物的氟化反应中具有比强极性非质子溶剂更好的使用效果。

Mix straw and ionic liquid directly or mix straw that is disintegrated, ammonificated, vapoured with ionic liquid, microwave heat or nomal heat to solute raw materials and viscous solution is formed. Dilute the viscous solution with polar organic solvent, then film strik or spin to get degradable film and thread.

将秸秆直接与离子液体混合，或将秸秆进行粉碎、氨化、汽爆等处理后再与离子液体混合，然后通过微波加热或普通加热，使原料溶解，形成粘稠溶液，粘稠溶液经过极性有机溶剂稀释后，进行薄膜刮制或纺丝，从而得到可降解的膜材料和丝线。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。