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That means Pho85 kinaseand calcineurin were involved in salt tolerance with an identical target protein or in 中科院上海生化与细胞所博士学位论文摘要 the same pathway. Inhibition of calcineurin decrease the YPH499, pho80? mutant,and pap1 (pcl7)? mutant Mn2+ tolerance but not that of pho85? mutant and thepho85? mutant was more sensitive to Mn2+ than YPH499, pho80? mutant, and pap1(pcl7)? mutant even with the addition of cyclosporin A. Therefore, the conclusioncould be drawn that PHO85 gene played a dominant role in Mn2+ homeostasisregulation in compare with calcineurin. As for Ca2+ tolerance, cyclosporin A canincrease the tolerance to Ca2+ of all the mutant mention above, that means Pho85kinase and calcineurin function antagonistically in regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis.In Bioinformatics, BRI3 gene is a novel gene without any function clue but givehigh conservation in mammalian.

我们通过钙调磷酸酶的特异抑制剂环孢菌素A研究了YPH499、+2+pho85缺失株、pho80缺失株、pap1缺失株在钙调磷酸酶失活后对Na、Mn、2+Ca金属离子敏感性的变化，结果显示Pho85蛋白激酶和钙调磷酸酶通过直接+或间接激活同一个靶蛋白或途径来增强细胞对Na的耐受；和钙调磷酸酶相比，2+PHO85的缺失对酵母细胞Mn耐受性的破坏是相对控制性的，钙调磷酸酶的失2+活不能进一步降低pho85缺失株对Mn的耐受能力；Pho85和钙调磷酸酶在对2+Ca的耐受调节中是相互拮抗的，钙调磷酸酶的失活能增加pho85缺失株和2+pho80缺失株的Ca耐受。i中科院上海生化与细胞所博士学位论文摘要对本实验室克隆的人新基因BRI3进行系统的生物信息学分析，发现它是一个在哺乳动物中保守的，但功能未知的基因。

The occipital lobe was involved in 8 cases, cerebella in 3 cases, brain stem in 2 cases, fronto parietal subcortical white matter in 2 cases, caudate nucleus in 2 cases and thalamus in 1 case.

MRI阳性率100%。枕叶受累8例，小脑3例，额顶叶皮质下白质3例，脑干2例，尾状核2例，丘脑1例。

mitochondrial dnais the only inheritant substance except for the nuclear dna in a euˉkaryon cell,which is related to the oxidative phosphorylation of a cell.mitochondrial dna is the important target of carcinogens and is vulnerable because of its structure and function.the mutation of mtdna could reduce the nomal respitation and release large quantities of ros,whichincrease the danger of cancer happening.so,mtdna has been thought to be involved in carcinogenesis and recently more and more studies in this aspect have comeout.in this paˉper,we review the researches for relationship among mtdna mutation and tumors in digestion system,woman system,head and neck,urinary systemand blood system.

线粒体dna（mitochondrial dna，mt dna）是真核细胞中唯一存在的独立于核dna之外的遗传物质，与细胞的氧化磷酸化功能密切相关。mtdna自身的结构和功能特点决定了它是致癌物作用的重要靶点，易受致癌因素的损伤而发生突变。mtdna的突变可削弱正常的呼吸功能，释放高水平的活性氧，进而增加肿瘤发生的危险性，所以mtdna被认为与肿瘤发生有密切关系。近年来，这方面的研究越来越多，本文现就mtdna突变与消化系统肿瘤、妇科肿瘤、头颈部肿瘤、泌尿系统肿瘤等实体瘤以及血液系统恶性肿瘤之间的关系作一简单的综述。

A cDNA segment was isolated from M. meretrix larvae. The results of caspase in situ detection in larval developmental stages revealed that there were activated caspase from L1 to L3, indicating caspase is involved in the whole developmental process. The main apoptosis area was found in velum at L3 before metamorphosis, indicating the degradation of velum might be the process of apoptosis. The larvae before metamorphosis were treated by caspase specific inhibitor to analyze the role of caspase in this process. The results indicated that caspase have function metamorphosis.

根据caspase在不同物种中的保守区域设计简并引物，在文蛤幼虫中扩增到cDNA序列片段；检测有活性的caspase在文蛤幼虫各发育时期的分布部位，发现其在L1至L3期幼虫中都有分布，说明整个幼虫形态变化过程中都有caspase的参与；细胞凋亡检测结果显示，幼虫主要发生细胞凋亡的部位在L3期幼虫的面盘，即变态过程中要退化的器官，说明细胞凋亡可能是文蛤幼虫变态过程中面盘退化的主要机制；用caspase特异性抑制剂处理变态前幼虫，发现幼虫变态率下降，初步验证了caspase在文蛤幼虫变态过程中的作用。

The inhibition of EGCG on UPS-induced TNF-a production was mediated at least in part through blocking of p38 MAPK pathway. In addition, EGCG had a beneficial effect on acute lung injury induced by oleic acid in mice. The inhibition of phosphated p38 MAPK and the ultimate reduction of TNF-a in serum may be involved in its mechanism.

另外，EGCG对油酸型小鼠急性肺损伤有一定保护作用，其作用机制可能与其能抑制p38 MAPK的磷酸化，并减少TNF-a的合成与释放有关。

In the 1920s Rensch, who like Mayr did field work in Indonesia, analyzed the geographic distribution of polytypic species and complexes of closely related species paying particular attention to how variations between different populations correlated with local environmental factors such as differences in climate. In 1947 Rensch would write a book, eventually translated into English under the title Evolution above the species level, that looked at how the same evolutionary mechanisms involved in speciation might be extended to explain the origins of the differences between the higher level taxa.

在二十世纪二十年代，像迈尔一样从事野外研究的任许在印度尼西亚分析了多型物种的地理分布以及近缘物种复合体系，特别注意了不同群体之间的变异是如何与当地的环境因素相关的。1947年，任许决定写一本书，这本书最终被译成英文，书名为《物种以上水平的进化》；该书研究了参与物种形成的同样的各种进化机制，如何被延伸用于解释更高层次分类单元的差异的起源。

The American entertainment is based on highly developped economic technology, entertainment is purely entertaining. The general public is willingly and passionately immersed in the sensual pleasure, the danger of"amusing ourselves to death"predicted by Portsman is real. The situation in China looks like that in the United States, but in fact, the technical development in China is not as overwelming as that in the States, the political element is still deeply involved in the individual life environment. Simplity of technology and complicity of psychological feelings stand out as main features of Chinese entertainment culture. People are using the forms of entertainment but refuse to be purely entertaining or entertained this is so called"amusing ourselves not to death".

就对大众的普遍影响力而言，美国娱乐文化的基于经济技术高度发达、享乐单一的现实，大众兴高采烈、心甘情愿地沉溺于感官刺激，面临波兹曼担心的&娱乐至死&的危险，而中国的娱乐文化表面上看起来趋同于美国，但一方面，中国的经济技术没有发达到统领一切的地步，另一方面，中国政治因素依然深入的渗透在的个人生存环境中，因此，中国的娱乐文化则更多地集中在技术简单、感受复杂的心理空间中，大众自觉不自觉以娱乐方式，却为不甘成为娱乐工具而抗争，可谓&娱乐不死&。

The present research situation about AB process in and out of our country was analyzed in this paper. In addition to a concentrated study of the factors affecting sedimentation performance of A-step activated sludge, the rule of microbe multiplication, yield of activated sludge in A-step and treatment of low-concentration sewage were also involved in this paper. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) The study on factors affecting sedimentation performance of A-step activated sludge shown that the inflow SS distinctly improve sedimentation performance of activated sludge, the less influent SS makes the sludge bulking easy, and the pythogenous sewage evidently worsen sedimentation performance of activated sludge.

本文分析了国内外AB工艺的研究现状，对A段活性污泥沉降性能的影响因素；A段的微生物增殖规律、活性污泥产量以及A段工艺处理低浓度城市污水等问题进行了试验研究，得出了以下结论：（1）对A段活性污泥沉降性能影响因素的研究表明：进水中的SS对污泥沉降性能有明显的改善作用，如果进水中SS较少，易导致污泥膨胀；而腐化污水对活性污泥的沉降性能有显著的不良影响。

As a microbiologist involved in conducting and promoting international cooperative research on conservation and stainable use of microbial genetic resources in accordance with the principles defined in the CBD, I feel keenly that there is a strong need for establishing some detailed and manageable rules, regulations, protocols or procedures to help the implementation of CBD in accordance with our current conditions in China.

作为一个微生物学工作者，在从事和推动微生物遗传资源的保护和开发利用工作，特别是保护和开发利用的国际合作工作中，深感有必要结合我国当前的实际，深入研究探讨和逐步创造条件制定出有关生物多样性公约的若干实施细则，以便公约的原则得以全面地顺利贯彻。

Trombe wall has been invited forty years ago, and lots of researchers involved in studying its diurnal thermal performance in winter. Their terminal object was to improve Trombe wall's thermal performance and popularization by meliorating its structures and materials. But there are little studies about Trombe wall's overheating in summer and overcooling in winter night. In order to popularize the application of Trombe wall, especially use it in the city residential buildings, it must solve the two "over-" problems.

其中，特朗贝式集热蓄热墙作为一种传统的被动式集热部件发展已有40几年的历史，虽然国内外学者针对其冬季白天热性能进行了深入研究，对特朗贝墙体结构形式和使用材料做了很多改良，但特朗贝墙体冬季夜间过冷和夏季白天过热的问题一直没有得到很好的解决。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。