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With a background of heated gold investment, most new passionate investors came into the market without simply understanding the gold investment. This made many investors lost their capital when first stepped into the market. In addition, many gold exchange types are specialized in enlarging guarantee sum. Compared with investment in stock market, investors who invested in types characterized in enlarging guarantee sum would likely to face more risks and challenges. Those risks could enlarge investors' one-year loss in stock market to one-day loss in gold market. Nowadays, Chinese gold market can be differentiated into material gold market, paper gold market, in-stock gold and future gold market. Because of the enlarging system in international gold market, investors may lose to the bottom in one day if he or she chose a guarantee sum dealer with an highly enlarging system. Of course, this is an ultimate example. In gold market, the type with the least risk is material gold, such as gold memorative silver coin, material piece of gold and gold brick. Material gold investment enjoyed its popularity among middle or large cities located in the middle and eastern part of China.

在黄金投资火热的背后，是大部分新入市投资者盲目的热情，由于对黄金投资缺乏了解，很多投资者入市即被套，而且很多黄金交易品种具备保证金放大效应，和在股市投资相比，投资者炒作保证金放大品种进行投资，往往需要面对高额风险，这种风险可以使投资者在股市中一年时间遭受的损失在一天内就提现出来，现在国内黄金市场主要分为实物黄金市场、纸黄金市场、黄金现货、黄金期货市场，其中国际黄金现货市场由于存在高度放大机制，如果投资者选择具备高度放大的保证金交易商，经常会出现一天内就会血本无归的情况，当然，这是极端的情况，黄金市场中，风险最小的是实物黄金，例如黄金纪念金银币、实物金条、金砖，实物黄金投资在中东部地区大中城市比较流行。

With a background of heated gold investment, most new passionate investors came into the market without simply understanding the gold investment. This made many investors lost their capital when first stepped into the market. In addition, many gold exchange types are specialized in enlarging guarantee sum. Compared with investment in stock market, investors who invested in types characterized in enlarging guarantee sum would likely to face more risks and challenges. Those risks could enlarge investors' one-year loss in stock market to one-day loss in gold market. Nowadays, Chinese gold market can be differentiated into material gold market, paper gold market, in-stock gold and future gold market. Because of the enlarging system in international gold market, investors may lose to the bottom in one day if he or she chose a guarantee sum dealer with an highly enlarging system. Of course, this is an ultimate example. In gold market, the type with the least risk is material gold, such as gold memorative silver coin, material piece of gold and gold brick. Material gold investment enjoyed its popularity among middle or large cities located in the middle and eastern part of China.

在黄金投资火热的背后，是大部分新入市投资者盲目的热情，由于对黄金投资缺乏了解，很多投资者入市即被套，而且很多黄金交易品种具备保证金放大效应，和在股市投资相比，投资者炒作保证金放大品种进行投资，往往需要面对高额风险，这种风险可以使投资者在股市中一时间遭受的损失在一天内就提现出来，现在国内黄金市场主要分为实物黄金市场、纸黄金市场、黄金现货、黄金期货市场，其中国际黄金现货市场由于存在高度放大机制，如果投资者选择具备高度放大的保证金交易商，经常会出现一天内就会血本无归的情况，当然，这是极端的情况，黄金市场中，风险最小的是实物黄金，例如黄金纪念金银币、实物金条、金砖，实物黄金投资在中东部地区大中城市比较流行。

With a background of heated gold investment, most new passionate investors came into the market without simply understanding the gold investment. This made many investors lost their capital when first stepped into the market. In addition, many gold exchange types are specialized in enlarging guarantee sum. Compared with investment in stock market, investors who invested in types characterized in enlarging guarantee sum would likely to face more risks and challenges. Those risks could enlarge investors' one-year loss in stock market to one-day loss in gold market. Nowadays, Chinese gold market can be differentiated into material gold market, paper gold market, in-stock gold and future gold market. Because of the enlarging system in international gold market, investors may lose to the bottom in one day if he or she chose a guarantee sum dealer with an highly enlarging system. Of course, this is an ultimate example. In gold market, the type with the least risk is material gold, such as gold memorative silver coin, material piece of gold and gold brick. Material gold investment enjoyed its popularity among middle or large cities located in the middle and eastern part ofChina.

在黄金投资火热的背后，是大部分新入市投资者盲目的热情，由于对黄金投资缺乏了解，很多投资者入市即被套，而且很多黄金交易品种具备保证金放大效应，和在股市投资相比，投资者炒作保证金放大品种进行投资，往往需要面对高额风险，这种风险可以使投资者在股市中一年时间遭受的损失在一天内就提现出来，现在国内黄金市场主要分为实物黄金市场、纸黄金市场、黄金现货、黄金期货市场，其中国际黄金现货市场由于存在高度放大机制，如果投资者选择具备高度放大的保证金交易商，经常会出现一天内就会血本无归的情况，当然，这是极端的情况，黄金市场中，风险最小的是实物黄金，例如黄金纪念金银币、实物金条、金砖，实物黄金投资在中东部地区大中城市比较流行。

Second, and constantly improve the capital market structure, and actively and steadily promoting the construction of multi-level capital market, improve the structure of listed companies, optimize the incremental adjustment of the stock, and further enhance the returns of investors of listed companies, improve the structure of investors, has continued to grow multi - team of investors actively promoting various types of funds into the market, and promote the coordinated development of various types of investors, such as fixed-income products, the company gradually expand the size of them in the market to satisfy market demand for a wide range of financing to promote stable operation of the futures market, further play to the functions of futures markets.

二，不断完善资本市场结构，积极稳妥地推进建设多层次资本市场，提高上市公司的结构，优化增量的股票调整，进一步提高上市公司的投资者的回报，改善投资者结构，继续拓展多-投资者团队积极推动进入市场的各种资金，促进各类投资者，例如固定收益产品，协调发展，公司逐步扩大规模他们在市场上满足了广泛的融资市场的需求，促进期货市场的稳定运作，进一步发挥期货市场的功能。

In addition, the Company shall provide the Investors with access to such other Company information as may be required by the Investors to determine the Company's status as a CFC to determine whether the Investors are required to report their pro rata portions of the Company's "Subpart F income" on its United States federal income tax return, or to allow the Investors to otherwise comply with applicable United States federal income tax laws.

另外，如投资人要求，则公司应向其提供公司其他资料，以确定公司的CFC身份，并籍此确定要求投资人报告其按比例分得的公司"海外贸易未分配所得"（在美国联邦所得税纳税申报单上列明，Subpart F income 的定义见法典），或是允许投资人以其他方式遵守可适用的美国联邦所得税法律。

Therefore, Microsoft and Yahoo investors negotiations, is almost equivalent to its own investors with the negotiations, and these investors because they are in the interests of Microsoft, and Microsoft as natural allies.

因此，微软与雅虎投资者的谈判，几乎就相当于是与它自己的投资者谈判，而且，这些投资者因为他们在微软中的利益，而成为微软天然的盟友。

Lots of empirical studies show that the actual processesand results of investors'decision-making are very different from that described byMFT's optimal investment decision-making model because of judgement anddecision biases arising from investors'psychological biases and informationasymmetry , investors'bounded rationality below the MFT's requirement.

大量的实证研究表明，实际中由于投资者固有的一些心理偏差和信息不对称的存在，使得投资者的认知能力和判断能力以及判断的准确度往往存在偏差，远远低于经典现代金融理论对投资者的理性要求，投资者的实际决策过程和决策结果与经典现代金融理论的最优投资决策模型所描述的大相径庭。

Since the first open-end fund issue, there are 5th redemption, which also reveals more profound form of market phenomena causing open-end fund liquidity risk. In 2002, the open-end fund market was just established, in order to expand the size, many funds only attract institutional investors, and do not distinguish between investor by their liquidity preference. Under such single structure, institutional investors large size redemption will cause fund scale reduced significantly, which suffered huge losses. In 2003, as the Funds growth, more and more retail investors join in fund market and occupy a dominant position. Due to the lack of awareness of the fund market, they all use the concept of stock investment.

自开放式基金成立以来，中国历史上的5次赎回也更深刻的揭示了构成开放式基金流动性风险的市场现象。2002年为开放式基金成立初期，很多基金为了吸纳资本，扩大规模，只面向机构投资者融资，并且不区分投资者的流动性偏好，在这种单一的结构下，机构投资者的大额赎回就导致基金规模的锐减，从而遭受巨大损失。2003年，随着基金的发展，越来越多的散户介入其中并占据主导地位，由于缺乏对基金市场的认识，按照原有投资股票的理念投资基金，所以在低迷的股市稍有起色，基金稍有赢利时，就开始赎回，造成了多只基金净值的损失。2005年，保险行业可以直接入市，再加之逐渐回升的行情和基金公司高额的手续费，很多保险公司开始赎回持有的基金转而直接入市。

Han Xu 10,000 jade-like stone of the first residential property clear to reporters "investors" and "speculators" difference between the concept : strong, solid financial investors who called, any one area of need "investors" This segment of the real estate industry in Shanghai has earned a lot of money, he may also have spent a lot of money, these people have a great role to the active market, even if the property market in some volatile, partly because of the strength of people and not easily withdrawal; But another person-no funds or only minimal, but the use of the property market favorable rampant speculation,"air gunnysack back metres" Such people are called "speculators" is the first government to suppress the target.

汉宇地产的徐万珂首先向记者明确了"投资者"与"投机者"之间的概念差别：有实力的、资金雄厚的人叫投资者，任何一个领域都需要"投资者"，这部分人确实在上海的房地产业赚了不少钱，可他也投入了不少资金，这部分人对活跃市场有很大作用，就算楼市发生些许动荡，这部分人因为有实力而不会轻易撤离；但另一种人，手头没有或者只有极少资金，却利用楼市利好大肆炒作，"空麻袋背米"，这种人则叫"投机者"，是目前政府首先打压的对象。

This approach will enable the different investors bear the risk, and access to the corresponding rewards. The first two methods did not consider investors attitudes of risk and the expected price of the spot or futures. However, the hedger of the maximize effectiveness calculates the optimal hedge ratio through the establishment of investors utility function and calculus.

前面两类方法都没有考虑投资者的风险态度和对现货或者是期货价格走势的预期，而效用最大化套期保值通过建立投资者的效用函数，再利用微积分求最值的方法来计算最优套期保值比率。

Major materials is Carbon steel, low alloy steel, stainless steel and high manganese steel.

主要材质为普通碳钢、低合金钢、不锈钢、高锰钢等。

They had an hour to oar the strait.

他们有一个小时可以划过海峡。