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Since a proposed application of Dirac structures is to the reduction of some mechanical systems, the reduction of Dirac structures is considered in detail in this paper, without using the existence of momentum mappings or the introducing of the notion of admissible function, etc..

因为引入Dirac结构的—个基本目的即应用于一些力学系统的约化，本文详细地讨论了Dirac结构的约化问题，包括其在Poisson流形以及Jacobi流形等的约化中的重要应用，重点利用了Dirac结构的特征对以及对偶特征对的工具，从而避开了讨论矩映射的存在性以及容许函数等一些复杂概念的介入。

For the DNLSE with NVBC, a simple adapted IST was recently derived by introducing an affine parameter, yielding a much simpler one-soliton solution. All previous researches demonstrate that, in known (1+1) dimensional one-component integrable systems, the DNLSE with NVBC is a rare instance simultaneously admitting bright solitons, dark solitons, as well as their bound states.

它是目前已知有物理意义的(1+1)维单分量可积系统中，唯一同时存在亮、暗孤子以及呼吸子型亮—暗孤子束缚对的系统，通过该模型研究亮暗孤子间的碰撞很有意义，为此需要得到多孤子解。

Introducing the affixation variables instead of solving non linear equation, we can make use of several corresponding points on the object and obtain a group of linear equations.

通过引入了中间变量，以避免求解非线性方程，在物体上选择多个特征点，可以得到一个线性方程组。

This paper first reviews the history of lifestyle segmentation research, then focuses on introducing the theory and application of AIO approach, and suggests that the marketers in China should take the advantage of lifestyle research to win the severe competition in the fast growing market.

本文首先回顾了生活方式市场细分研究的历史，然后针对中国市场的特殊情况，着重介绍了AIO方法的理论和应用，并指出对消费者生活方式的深入研究，是现阶段中国营销人在市场竞争中取胜的关键。

According to the air blower control system function requestion,introducing the system hardware design and realization , as well as the system software design and realization.

根据风机控制系统的功能要求，介绍了系统硬件设计与实现和系统软件设计与实现。

In 1990s, facing the fierce market competition, the bulky shoemaking 'airplane carrier' has gradually built by introducing foreign investment, advanced equipments.

进入90年代，面对日趋激烈的国内外市场竞争，晋江制鞋业开始通过嫁接外资，引进国内外先进生产装备，走增资扩营、规模扩张之路，着力打造制鞋业的"航空母舰"。

In the study of the recognition of bifurcation broblems, Gaffney establishes D -equivalence theory by introducing unipotent algebraic group and nilpotent Lie algebras.

借助于奇点理论中的一个基本概念，这一问题常常可以转化为有限维的情形来处理。

Main contributions and achievements are as follows:A general non-equilibrium rigorous model for RDP is developed in this thesis. Based on the pseudo-homogenous assumption, two main factors reaction and separation are de-coupled, and an RDP model with the same format as that for a traditional distillation process is established. To solve the model with a large number of algebraic equations, modified M-K equations with tri-diagonal matrix form are developed based on the improved Separation Efficiency Functions, which greatly increases the iteration efficiency. This thesis also develops a general reactive distillation dynamic model. Through splitting of the differential variables based on SEFS, large-scaled differential algebraic equations can be solved with the improved Gear's algorithm which makes the dynamic model suitable for the on-line application. A simulation platform for the control loop design and evaluation of RDP by introducing control system equations into the dynamic model is also developed.A lactic acid purification pilot-scale RDP is investigated.

论文对热点问题——反应精馏过程的建模与优化控制相关技术进行了深入的研究，取得了一系列成果：1、建立了反应精馏过程机理模型，基于拟均相假设，将反应和分离过程进行解耦，推导出反应精馏过程的非平衡级稳态模型和动态模型，通过引入推广的分离效率函数，对模型变量进行了合理划分，显著提高了模型求解效率；将动态模型和控制系统方程结合，建立了反应精馏过程控制系统研究的辅助工具。2、全面分析了乳酸提纯反应精馏新工艺试验装置，利用本文建立的过程机理模型，对该试验装置进行了稳态和动态性能分析及水力学核算；设计和分析了单边质量控制方案，比较了间接和直接物料平衡控制两种方案的控制性能。

That is by introducing the switch function, the linear dynamical part is separated by a simple algebraic operation, then a new linear model can be achieved.

即通过引入开关函数，将线性动态部分分离处理，辨识得到新的线性模型。

A nerve net controller have been designed on the basis of the hardware design of the AC servo system and system model. The controller include two forward nerve net with three layers . One is designed to identify the AC servo system model and another is to control. The controller use special learning algorithm which to control system at the same time and improve its constringency pace through introducing new MFBP algorithm. The intelligent control algorithmic is programmed using C++ language after the controller have been designed .

在该交流伺服系统硬件设计和系统数学建模的基础上，设计了神经网络自适应控制器，这个控制器包括两个三层的前馈神经网络，一个神经网络用于非线性系统的辨识，另一个神经网络作为控制器，此控制器采取边学习边控制的工作方式，并采用一种新型的MFBP算法实现了控制算法的快速性，在控制器设计完成的基础上，利用C++语言具体实现智能控制算法的编写。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。