查询词典 intrinsic energy

Moreover, we consider that the mass of an atom contains two parts: the intrinsic-mass and the binding-energy-mass, the former mass cannot be converted into energy, while the latter mass can be converted into energy directly in accordance with the mass-energy relation. Besides it\\\s shown clearly that the so-called mass-energy conversion is essentially the release of binding energy in the atoms.

我们认为原子的质量包含两部分：本征质量和结合能质量，前者不能直接转换为能量，后者可以依照质能关系转换成能量，这种质能转换本质上是原子内部结合能的释放。

The influences of the shock thickness and Alfven waves on the particle acceleration by diffusive shock waves are numerically studied through solving one-dimensional diffusive equation including the second-order Fermi effect. It is shown that the spectral index of the energetic particles strongly depends on the shock thickness. For example, the spectral index increases from 2.1 to 3.7 in the low energy range of 3-10 MeV and from 2.5 to 5.0 in the high energy range of 20-60 MeV as the thickness increases. The spectral index decreases from 4.3 to 3.1 as the particle injection energy increases. The spectral index decreases from 4.0 to 1.8 at the quasi-steady stage with the enhancement of the compression ratio from 2 to 4. The results indicate that under the influence of Alfven waves, the energetic particle spectrum at lower energy becomes flat and the spectral index decreases from 2.5 to 0.6 in the low energy range of 3-10 MeV and from 11.6 to 5.0 in the high energy range of 20-60 MeV. At the same time, the rollover energy reaches 19.6 MeV. The spectral index decreases from 5.8 to 2.9 as the energy density of Alfven waves increase. All these results are basically consistent with the theoretical models, as well as the observations of typical energetic particle events.

通过数值求解包含二阶费米加速的一维扩散方程，探讨在准平行激波条件下激波厚度和级联阿尔芬波对粒子加速的影响，研究粒子分布函数的演化与激波厚度和阿尔芬波强度的内禀关系，计算结果表明：(1)考虑激波厚度时，谱指数明显依赖于激波厚度，随着厚度从0.32增大到2.56，低能端(3-10MeV)谱指数逐渐从2.1增加到3.7，高能端(20-60MeV)谱指数从2.4增大到5.0，能谱逐渐变软；当初始注入粒子动量增大1.3倍，质子能谱指数从4.3减小到3.1，且与零厚度激波加速的谱指数差值缩小；厚度不变时，随着压缩比从2增加到4，准稳态分布时低能端(3-10MeV)粒子能谱指数逐渐从4.0减小到1.8谱变硬；(2)在级联阿尔芬波的影响下，随着时间的增大，粒子在低能处(3-10MeV)的谱指数从2.5减小到0.6高能端(20-60MeV)谱指数从11.6减小到5.0，能谱变硬，拐点能量值从7.5MeV增大到为19.6MeV；随着波的能量密度增大，谱指数从5.8减小到2.9，这表明阿尔芬波强度越大，加速效率越高，通过与激波厚度解析结果和高能粒子事件的观测能谱比较发现两者是一致的，说明数值模拟结果是可靠的。

And energy sources are an important indemnitor to actualize the target. There are kinds of energy issues in the development these years. These issues include the gap issue between energy supply and demand, the structure issue of energy;the distributing issue of energy, per capital issues of energy,the efficiency issue of energy,and the proportion consume issue of energy.

中国正在向全面建设小康社会的伟大目标而奋进，能源是实现这一目标的重要保障，但是我国在多年的发展过程中还存在许多能源问题，这些问题主要包括能源缺口问题、能源结构问题、能源分布问题、能源人均问题、能源效率问题以及能源消耗比重问题。

Besides,maximal obstacle facing our country and Shanxi Province's energy conservation job is that the law guarantee is insufficient:(1)Our country's supporting system of energy conservation law and regulation is extremely not perfect;(2) our country's Constitution does not make the energy conservation legal status clearly,so that the legislation orientation of energy conservation law insists to hang down;(3)The maneuverability of current energy conservation law is not good;(4)It exists the phenomena of coyoting of Shanxi Province' coal resource and disorder construction of the sources of energy field,it lacks branch law and regulation,technical norms,energy conservation check mechanism of the relevance industry field on energy conservation.

此外，我国与山西省节能工作面临的最大障碍就是法律保障不足：①我国节能法规配套体系很不完善；②我国宪法没有明确节能的法律地位，导致节能法的立法定位偏低；③现行节能法可操作性差；④山西省煤炭等资源的滥采乱挖和能源领域的无序建设普遍存在，缺乏节能相关行业领域的部门法规、技术标准、节能考核机制。

The electronic product is developed that the design and process produces, and chiefly includes: the ware is ringed a bell by the electronics with the intelligent announcing system of numeral in campus, and ontrolling ware, time relay during industry, the industry temperature is controlled the ware, and the solar energy goes out the insect lamp, solar energy signal lamp to the solar energy courtyard lamp to the solar energy street lamp to the solar energy chilly wind headgear to the solar energy cell to the electrical machinery protection ware to the liquid place automatic controller with the lamp on solar energy lawn the solar energy power supply system, and various model battery-charging units and contrary becomes the power supply, and An guards against the warning device to the manostat, and the top grade distant range does not have the thread microphone, the various automatic switches.

电子产品开发设计及加工生产，主要包括：校园数码智能广播系统，电子打铃器，工业时控器，时间继电器，工业温控器，液位自动控制器，电机保护器，太阳能电池，太阳能凉风帽，太阳能供电系统，太阳能路灯，太阳能庭院灯，太阳能草坪灯，太阳能灭虫灯，太阳能信号灯，各种型号充电机、逆变电源，稳压器，安防报警器，高档远距离无线话筒，各种自动开关。

Note that such a W must involve either a different corpus of intrinsic properties from those in our world, or no intrinsic properties at all. A type-F monist who holds that the only coherent intrinsic properties are protophenomenal properties might end up denying the conceivability of zombies, even under a structural-functional description of their physical state – for reasons very different from those of the type-A materialist.

主义这样的W必须含有，或者和我们这个世界不同的固有属性，或者没有固有属性。F类一元论认为仅由的融贯的固有属性是主现象属性，可以中止于对人偶设想的拒绝，即使在一个结构功能描述的物理事态下，理由不同于A类物质主义者。

Results A view of better understanding origins of Gaussian intrinsic differential geometry is presented,and the intrinsic relation between Gauss′s thought of intrinsic differential geometry and of his non-Euclidean geometry is brought to light and discussed.

结果 总结分析了高斯建立的内蕴微分几何的思想和渊源，揭示了其与非欧几何学的内在联系。

But this seems to be untenable: if the lowlevel network is causally closed and the high-level intrinsic properties are not constituted by low-level intrinsic properties, the high-level intrinsic properties will be epiphenomenal all over again, for familiar reasons.

但是这似乎是站不住脚的：如果低水平网络是因果闭合的，高水平固有属性就会是副现象，按相似的理由。仅有的出路，要满足此点的话，是拒绝微观物理学的因果闭合，认为有基础部署在微观物理学水平之上，而这有现象属性作为它们的基础。

This paper endogens carbon tax and subsidy two variables, discussing how to decide the optimal level of carbon tax and subsidy. The results of the research are obtained as the following:(1) price and capital subsidy which one is priority depend on the productivity of renewable energy capital, if productivity is high enough, then should adopt capital subsidy policy;(2) price and capital subsidy indeed exist trade-off and non-independent relationship;(3) renewable energy regulation ratio has negative effect on carbon tax, however has positive effect on price subsidy;(4) green certificate price increase will result in decrease carbon tax and price subsidy, but increase capital subsidy;(5) if the authority loose the environmental target, then should impose high carbon tax which maintains the environmental quality, but have ambiguous effect on subsidy policy;(6) increasing stability of renewable energy, then increase price subsidy, however, under budget constraint should decrease capital subsidy;(7) analyzing Taiwan's three wind power energy with different price subsidy, which can improve the technology of wind power energy. In another word, it can raise the capacity of wind power energy and reach the goal of renewable energy.

本文考量政府预算限制下，探讨最适碳税税率与补贴率订定之问题，获得如下发现：(1)发电量补贴与资本补贴对促进再生能源发展效果不一样，决定於再生能源资本的生产力，如果资本生产力足够高，则发电量补贴效果较佳；反之，则应优先采行资本补贴措施；(2)发电量补贴与资本补贴的确存在抵换而非独立关系，亦即在政府预算限制下，为促进再生能源发展，应将种种补贴措施整合考量，以最低行政成本达到再生能源发展目标；(3)再生能源管制配比与碳税税率及资本补贴率呈反向变化关系；而与发电量补贴呈正向关系；(4)绿色权证交易制度具促进再生能源管制目标达到之奖励效果，因此，绿色权证价格提高可降低发电量补贴及碳税税率，降低碳税对经济不利冲击效果；(5)政府如果采行较宽松环境目标，宜提高碳税税率，避免环境品质进一步恶化，然而，对发电量或资本补贴之影响效果不确定；(6)再生能源发电效率愈高，则应提高再生能源发电补贴，在预算限制下，应降低再生能源资本补贴；(7)透过台湾三座风力机组的实证分析，采取差异性发电量补贴，将可诱导较高效率风力机组的投资行为，提高整体风力发电效率，达到再生能源发展之目标。

Except for this, the others such as ionic bridge (e. g. Me〓, I〓), appositional replacement and destroying the binding site etc. is involved in also. 5. The type of BSA intrinsic fluorescence being quenched is mainly static quenching, and the nonradiative energy transfer is attributed to BSA intrinsic fluorescence being quenched also.

各种类型的外加剂对中药小分子-蛋白质作用过程的影响方式各不相同，与BSA结合引致BSA分子构象改变是外加剂参与并影响中药小分子-BSA相互作用过程的共通机制；除此共通机制外，还可能存在离子架桥、同位取代以及对BSA分子上药物结合部位的破坏等作用形式。

A carrier gas such as nitrogen is directed through line 20 and valve 22 to connect with line 26 and mix with the gas sample.

如氮气之类的载体通过管线20和阀22引入，与管线26相通，与气体样品混合。

But for the most part, knaves and parasites had the command of his fortune

然而支配他的家产的大多是恶棍和寄生虫。