查询词典 intracellular

The endogenous level of IFN-γis an important index of body's cellular immune status. The quantitative determination of IFN-γconcentrations has very significant theorical and practical values in immune mechanism research,immune function assay,the efficacity evaluation of vaccine,transplant operation,hypersensitive reaction and intracellular pathogen diagnosis.

研究表明，内源性IFN-γ水平的高低在很大程度上可以反映机体的细胞免疫状态，因此对样本中的IFN-γ进行定量分析，在免疫机制研究、免疫功能分析、疫苗免疫效果评估、器官移植、过敏反应以及多种胞内病原感染的诊断等方面都具有极其重要的理论价值和应用价值。

To prevent the accumulation of intracellular drug with efflux pumps is one of the means of producing drug resistance.

其中由细菌排出泵介导的阻止药物在体内积累是产生抗性的重要手段之一。

There are a number of cellular mechanisms involved in the influx, efflux and storage of calcium which are known to regulate intracellular levels of calcium.

有很多调节细胞内钙浓度的细胞机制涉及到钙的流入，流出和储存。

Several kinds of elicitors,including microbiological elicitor,oligosaccharides,peptides and intracellular messengers were introduced.

文中概括介绍了微生物、寡聚糖、蛋白质、第二信使及其他物质作为刺激剂在植物细胞培养中的应用及其研究成果。

Objective To investigate the effect of all-trans retinoic acid on the change in intracellular glycogen in ovarian epithelioma cell line in vitro and ovarian epithelial carcinoma in nude mice in vivo.

目的 探讨全反式维甲酸干预后卵巢癌细胞株及裸鼠卵巢上皮性癌动物模型肿瘤细胞内糖原的变化及意义。

Compared with classical cytotoxic T lymphocytes , NK cells are superior in the following aspects: NK cells are among the first cell types to be activated after intracellular pathogen stimuli, the activity of NK cells peaked between 1 to 3 days, retained during the first 7-10 days, and the T cells response emerged only after 7 days when the NK cell responses begin to decline; though comprising of only 10％-15％ of peripheral lymphocytes, NK cells mobilize most of the cell populations in a strong and high level response to different invasions, and act as key factors at early defense before a specific immune response could mount, while only certain clones were involved in T cell response; NK cells kill virus-infected or malignant transformed cells without pre-sensitization and without restriction by major histocompatibility antigen, which is usually a mechanism of immune escape to T cell recognition by virus-infected or tumor cells, thus NK cell in complementary with T cells play crucial roles in tumor and virus eradication.

NK细胞以其强大的细胞毒活性为特征，与细胞毒性T细胞相比，NK细胞具有如下特点：NK细胞虽然只占外周血淋巴细胞的10-15％，但是对刺激性因素产生应答的过程十分迅速，一次可以调动大多数细胞共同参与，而不是几个克隆的活化，免疫应答的强度高；病毒感染或恶性转化细胞的一个主要特征是细胞表达的MHCⅠ类分子下降或消失，并借助这一机制逃避特异性T细胞应答的识别，NK细胞介导的杀伤活性无需抗原刺激，不受MHCⅠ分子表达的限制，从而与T细胞应答互为补充发挥免疫防御的功能；NK细胞的免疫活性可以被多种细胞因子上调，其中IFNα，IL-2，IL-12，IL-15和IL-18具备更强的作用；NK细胞具有强大的细胞因子分泌功能，对于启动T细胞特异性应答必不可少。

Results The optimum combination was 10μmol/L β-asarone +3μmol/L eugenol, which can decrease the concentration of intracellular Ca(superscript 2+), inhibit the production of NO and increase the survival rate of PC12 cells.

结果β-细辛醚10μmol/L+丁香酚3μmol/L组合能有效减少细胞内Ca(上标 2+)浓度，抑制NO的产生，提高细胞存活率。

BACKGROUND: The intracellular sodium concentration in is related to neuron excitability.

背景：细胞内钠离子浓度与神经元活性有关。

The results showed that the mutant contained high trehalose content and high cell survival rate kept even after 4 h 18 %vol alcohol treatment (no respiration deficiency existed), which indicated that high trehalose content could protect cells membrane and prevent DNA loss of mitochondria and exosmosis of intracellular materials.

结果表明，中性海藻糖酶缺失突变株细胞海藻糖含量较高，用18 %vol的酒精处理4 h后仍可保持高的细胞存活率，并且无呼吸缺陷型的出现，说明高海藻糖含量可以保护细胞膜，防止线粒体DNA丢失和胞内物质的外渗，与酵母的酒精耐性之间存在一定的关系。

Beijingensis under three droughttreatments, normal, moderate and severe stresses. The results showed:(1) the canker disease ofboth cultivars was serious gradually with increased drought;(2) the bark tissue cells sufferedplasmolysis, more evident with the severity of drought stress;(3) under the drought andinoculation with B. dothidea, cells of two cultivars damaged at different degree, mailyrepresented in the changes of organelles, such as chloroplast swollen and distorted, number ofmitochondria increased and membrane system indistinct; then organelles suffered furtherdamagement with inoculation time, thinned mitochondrias stroma, decreased cristae, crumpledand partly broken membrane of chloroplasts with stroma exosmosis. At last, the chloroplastspartly disorganized;(4) the hyphae growed mainly intercellular in resistant cultivar and notonly intercellular but also intracellular in susceptible cultivar, which directly caused thenecrosis of cells;(5) under the severe drought, the damage of cells enhanced the infection ofpathogen and drought and pathogen stressed together and promoted the disease development;the damage from pathogen on cells was more serious than that from drought.

结果显示：(1)随着干旱胁迫程度的增加，2种杨树溃疡病害发生渐趋严重；(2)干旱胁迫下，杨树树皮组织细胞发生质壁分离，并随胁迫程度的增加而严重；(3)干旱胁迫下接种病原菌，2种杨树细胞发生不同程度的损伤，主要表现为细胞器发生较大变化，如出现叶绿体肿胀变形、线粒体数量增多，质膜模糊不清等现象；随接种时间的延长，细胞器受到进一步损伤，叶绿体被膜折皱，严重时局部破裂，基质外渗，并部分最终解体；(4)毛白杨中的菌丝主要在细胞间隙中穿行，而北京杨的菌丝除在细胞间隙中生长之外，侵入细胞内部也较多，直接导致细胞的解体；(5)干旱胁迫下细胞的损伤促进了病原菌的侵染，干旱和病原菌的双重胁迫加剧了病害的发生程度，并且病原菌侵染对细胞的破坏程度大于水分胁迫。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。