查询词典 intersecting surface

Freezing soil is a natural phenomina in cold and mountain areas, which has great impact on the regional climate, water cycle, and water balance. The land surface process in the condition of soil freezing and thawing is one of the most important process in the area. This paper firstly reviews the present study on land surface process in the condition of soil freezing and thawing, especially the development after the the hydrological land surface model introduced into the study of General Circulation Model, then introduces the undergoing international research project, such as Project for Intercomparison of Land-surface Parameterization Schemes and Cold Land Process Field Experiment by NASA, and finally analyses and puts forward the future research field and topics.

冻土是全球中高纬地区和高山地带普遍存在的自然现象，它对全球以及区域性气候、水循环、水平衡等都有着巨大的影响，土壤冻融条件下的陆面过程正是这种影响的重要环节，介绍了土壤冻融条件下陆面过程的研究现状，特别是在大气环流模型中引入水文陆面模型以来陆面过程研究的迅猛发展，对现在国际上正在进行的考虑冻土的陆面过程研究项目，如陆面过程参数化比较计划的第二阶段第五期PILPS (2E)以及美国NASA的寒区陆面过程实地试验计划也进行了介绍，并在此基础上对土壤冻融条件下陆面过程的发展趋势进行了分析。

Proposed a representation scheme for 3D face -- Surface UnfoldingFor its irregular sampling in 3D space, 3D face surface cannot be processed by many orthogonal and subspace analysis toolkits directly, i.e. DFT, DCT, PCA, LCA. Surface Unfolding projects the 3D face to a 2D plane while retaining its intrinsic geometry properties of angle and area which issues a surface representation — Unfolded Image.

提出了一个三维人脸的平面表征方法——曲面开折模型不同于传统的数字生物特征，3D人脸数据是非规则采样的，传统的信号处理工具难以对3D数据进行直接处理。

The existence of surface electronic states is an intrinsic property of the surface and many properties and processes happening on the surface of the materials are closely related to the surface states and their energy distribution and space distribution.

表面电子态的存在是表面固有的性质，材料的许多性质和发生在表面的过程都与表面态及其能量分布，空间分布有关。

Passing analysing The link of the three-arc-sect isometric type surface, built the three-arc-sect isometric type surface equation, found the location of isometric type surface with the finite element analysis method and calculated the link intensity of the three-arc-sect isometric type surface.

文中对型面联接中的三弧段等距型面联接进行力学分析，首先建立三弧段等距型面方程，应用有限元法确定等距型面接触点的位置，对三弧段等距型面联接中的应力分布及大小进行分析计算。

The differential exhumation caused by the NNE-trending faults probably continued all the way from the 180℃isothermal surface, through 110℃isothermal surface to the 70℃isothermal surface. At 90Ma, Dabie orogen"s average height of topography, compared with the current sea level, reached 1.45 km (when geothermal gradient is chosen as 25℃/km) or 1.75 km (when geothermal gradient is chosen as 20℃/km), which is 4(when geothermal gradient is chosen as 25℃/km) or 5(when geothermal gradient is chosen as 20℃/km) times of the height of today"s surface topography in simulated region.

这种由于NNE向断裂系引发的差异推隆剥露，可能从等温面180℃锆石(U-Th／He的封闭温度、经过110℃(磷灰石裂变径迹的退火温度)一直延续到70℃等温面磷灰石(U-Th／He的封闭温度大别造山带90Ma时与现今海平面相比地形平均高度可达1.45km(地温梯度取25℃／km时)或1.75km(地温梯度取20℃／km时)，是现今模拟区域地形平均高度的4倍(地温梯度取25℃／km时)或5倍(地温梯度取20℃／km时)。

A deformable model is used to reconstruct the shape of the LV: first, the dynamic equation governing the surface deformation is deduced; secondly the image planes are mapped to the reconstruction coordinate system. From the slices data, the external force exerted on the surface is defined and the elastic force of the surface is constructed by mean curvature of the deformation surface. Finally, a level set method is applied to solve the dynamic equation for LV shape.

为了重建左心室的形状，使用基於形变模型的方法：首先建立变形曲面的动力学方程；再将成像坐标系中的图像平面映射到重建坐标系，根据图像数据构造外力，使用平均曲率构造变形曲面的弹性力，然后用水平集数值解法求解动力学方程以重建左心室的表面。

We expect it will benefit the industry field to break through the optical measuring limits at present by offering some new ideas. Optical measuring research based on moire interferometry has developed for several decades. The main idea of this research is to utilize the moire effect caused by two superimposed gratings of identical or similar spatial frequency. One is the reference grating and it is a virtual grating created by a computer program in this research; The other grating is the image of grating projected on the measured surface by the DLP projector, and this grating will distort because of the different sloped profile of the surface. To superimpose the program-created grating and the captured distorted grating will derive the so-called moire effect. This research combined the basic theory of optical interferometry and moire effect to project the different phases of the projected grating fringes by the phase-shifting method and compute the principal value of arguments between -π,π. In the end, the phase unwrapping program based on discrete Fourier transform of solving PDEs is used to unwrap the phase of the measured surface, and finally the surface profile is derived by the optical measuring system.

以叠纹干涉术为基础的光学检测研究之发展早已行之有年，而在本研究中所采用的投影叠纹法(Projection moiré)之主要精神在於藉由两道空间频率相近或相同的光栅相互叠加而成的效应，其中一道为参考光栅，而本研究中的参考光栅是以程式产生可调整不同空间频率的虚拟光栅；另一道则为投影至待测物表面的光栅影像，而在起伏高度不一的待测表面上的光栅影像会受到待测物表面起伏状况不同而在观测方向产生光栅投影条纹影像的歪曲变形，将电脑产生的参考光栅与由影像撷取装置所获取投影於待测物表面的光栅影像作叠合，便会产生所谓的叠纹效应；利用基本的光学干涉理论与叠纹效应结合，本研究中以相移法来改变投影於待测表面的光栅相位，再以相移法的理论反运算出在带有待测面各点高度资讯之介於-π，π相位主幅角，再以离散傅立叶转换解偏微分方程的相位重建程式还原待测面的相位值，以得知待测面之表面轮廓。

The topographical parameters have been analyzed by taking into account the thermal effect during the friction process. As the results, three kinds of typical topographical features have been observed for the worn surfaces of C G iron with various P content. Namely, C G iron with 0.05% P, 1.30% P, and 0.70% P show worn surfaces characterized by groove ridge, peak pits and their combined topography. The C G iron specimen with peak pits type worn surface topography showes the lowest wear rate and highest friction coefficient, while that with groove ridge type worn surface topography shows the highest wear rate and lowest friction coefficient. The groove ridge type worn surface has a relatively large value of surface height deviation and void volume ratio and negative large value of skewness, which is contrary to the peak pits topography.

结果表明：度销磨损表面主要呈现犁沟型、孤岛型及二者的混合型3种形貌特征，其中具有孤岛型磨损表面形貌特征的试样的摩擦系数较高，磨损率较低；而具有犁沟型磨损表面形貌特征的试样的摩擦系数最低，磨损率最高，分析表面形貌参数发现：犁沟型表面形貌具有最大的表面高度偏差和表面空隙率及高负值的表面高度分布参数；而孤岛型表面形貌的表面高度偏差和表面空隙率最小，表面高度分布参数为高正值。

Substitute surface conception was introduced in the tolerance modeling. Intrinsic deviation between the substitute surface and the theoretical surface was described by vector function on the basis of the vector parametric representation of the theoretical surface.

引入替代表面的概念，基于理论表面矢量参数化表示，用矢函数来描述替代表面和理论表面之间的本质特征偏差。

Therefore, comparing with the traditional CAD system adopting the method of manual entirely for creating the addendum surface and the binder surface, the parametric design of the addendum surface and the binder surface has become the trend for its high efficiency and convenience of modification.

因而，相对于传统的CAD系统采用全手动方式来生成工艺补充部分的方法，工艺补充部分的参数化设计以其时间上的高效率和修改的方便性成为发展的趋势。

You can snipe the second and third union leaders from this position.

您可以鹬第二和第三工会领袖从这一立场出发。

Aiming at the currently shortage of XML streams quality detecting, this paper proposes a new forecasting method of XML streams quality by least squares support vector machines, which is used the method of XML keys' vector matrix as windows, and vector product wavelet transform to multilevel decompose and refactor the XML streams series, that can fulfill real-time checking demand of XML quality, and ensure constraint, consist- ency and integrality. For even more adapting net load, it proposes a control strategy by weight and adaptive adjustment to ensure XML streams quality.

针对当前XML数据流质量检测存在的不足，提出构建XML键的矢量矩阵作为窗口，利用矢量积小波变换多级分解与重构XML数据流，再结合最小二乘支持向量机对XML数据流质量进行预测的一种方法，满足XML数据流质量重构时实时检测的要求，保证XML数据的约束性、一致性与完整性；为了更好的适应网络负载，采取加权与自适应窗口调整等调度策略充分保证XML数据流的质量检测。