查询词典 intellectuals

The humor of analectic publications and articles was of rationality of burghers' culture and was the crystal of burgher intellectuals' survival wisdom and individualism, thereby, it provided a legal field for intellectuals to criticize in the ages when criticism was forbidden.

论语派的刊物和文章的幽默，带有市民文化的理性一面，是市民知识分子生存智慧和个人主义的结晶，从而在言论禁忌的年代为知识分子提供了一个合法的批评空间。在这方面来说，论语派刊物是值得肯定的。

ABSTRACT After the ebb-tide of the May 4th Movement, the Chinese modern thoughts and literary circles went from relative unity towards diversity Up to the 1930's, behind the spirit transformation at the end of the twenties, Chinese modern intellectuals began to relocate and redesign their own outlooks on life and literary ideal The Lunyu School, which was led by Zhou Zuoren and Lin Yutang, mostly appeared as leisure humorous essays in some journals, such as Lun Yu, Ren Jian Shi and Yu Zhou Feng which was edited by Lin Yutang It formed an unique landscape at that time This thesis focused on the Lunyu School as the main object of my study I investigate the Lunyu School by putting it into the vertical orbit of changes of the thoughts and literary circles after the May 4th Movement, and by comparing it with the mainstream of Left-wing and other literary schools in the thirties Through the exploration of Lunyu School's political and social thoughts, literary ideas and aspects of prose creation, I pursue the life choice of some free intellectuals in the thirties, and draw psychological outline of an age of intellectuals, which was very complicated and attractive during that specified time and space When we reconsider the rights and wrongs, the merits and demerits, and the gains and losses in theory and creations of Lunyu School intellectuals, any oversimplified study method would be of"no avail but the waste of mind"Unless ample estimation of their own complexity and contradiction is made, furthermore subtly delineates quite a lot of originates which caused these complexity and contradiction, the research will not be valuable In face of the whizzed coming Left-wing movement in literature, Lunyu School acted as a reconsideration in literary modernity such reconsideration is a layer of thinking They introspected intellectuals'essential mind and enlightened reason, querying the impulsive, swift and fierce ideological trend, judging by value in the relations between individuality and society, individuality and era, literature and politics.

五四落潮后，中国现代思想界、文学界由相对统一走向分化，至二十世纪三十年代，现代知识分子经由二十年代末期的精神蜕变，开始重新定位和设计自己的人生观和文学理想。以"京兆布衣"周作人为精神领袖、以林语堂为主帅的论语派，以幽默闲适小品文相号召，在林语堂主编的一系列刊物《论语》、《人间世》、《宇宙风》上聚集，南北呼应，造成了当时文坛的一种独特景观。本论文以论语派为研究对象，将其放在五四以后文学界与思想界变动的纵向轨迹上，放在与三十年代左翼主流话语的颉颃及与其它文学流派的比照中加以考察，通过对论语派政治社会思想、文学观念及散文创作诸方面的探讨，追索三十年代一部分自由知识分子的人生选择，勾划出他们在一个特定时空里复杂又极具魅力的心理轮廓。学术界对论语派中一些主要作家已有较深入的研究，但迄今为止，尚无从整体上对这一文学流派作宏观研究的专著，而陈旧的理论视界又往往阻碍了对论语派的重新评价。

The deep meaning of "going back to Luxun" lies in that it has fully expressed the return of the intellectual doubtful spirit which intellectuals continually question the premise and the wake of principia impulse which intellectuals continually impend over truth.

回到鲁迅那里去"的深刻意义在于它充分表达了知识分子那种不断追问前提的怀疑精神的复归与不断逼近真理的本源性冲动的甦醒。"

I would only marry to the white gentleman or mestizo gentleman who comes from the culture family of intellectuals of the United States or Europe because I come from an international democratic family of intellectuals essentially.

因为，我本来就来自一个国际化的知识分子家庭。

The concern outspreads by two dimensions: the first starts off from individual existence and explores the rationality of it; the second is based on the provincen point, rethinking and questioning collective utopia. The specific representations are: the reflection on political utopia in historical memory through the material plight of the weak, the oppugnation of economic utopia by the delineation of the tragic fates under cultural puzzledom; the paradox of strength and absurdity caused by the loss of normality and rationality through the creation of the strong characters, which is also the contradiction between the modern call of "strength" and the criticism on the loss of morality; the meaning of existence for the intellectuals, the embarrassment they encounter in reality and the disillusion of collective utopia by the description of different life styles for the intellectuals.

这种关注在文本中表现为对三类人物的刻写：通过弱者在物质困境中的生存对历史记忆中政治乌托邦做出反思，从文化困境中弱者的命运悲剧对经济乌托邦做出质疑；通过强者形象写出了道德失范与理性缺失导致的强大与谬误同在的悖论；通过知识分子不同的生存方式，揭示了其存在的意义和在现实中的尴尬，以及知识分子试图重建群体乌托邦梦想的破灭。

These people called intellectuals in the sense that they deal with symbols and idea have become professional intellectuals are free from much of the routine grind of daily work: they carry light teaching load and enjoy government and foundation grants and subsidies for their research.

但是与工程师不同，职业的知识分子并不从事每天那些例行公事一样的工作：他们执行轻度的教学任务，从事这政府和基金会资助的研究项目。

In borrowing materials on the problematic of Asianism from modern history of Japan, the author wishes to sort out common question for intellectuals in Asia; for instance, when we think of the Asia question, are we only responding to the question raised by the intellectuals in the West?

本文虽然借助於日本近代以来的部分资料討论近代亚细亚主义的问题，但笔者意在从中提炼和思考亚洲知识分子共有的问题，这就是，当我们思考亚洲问题的时候，我们是否仅仅在回应西方知识分子的问题？

Thespiritual contract between the university and the intellectuals implies that the universityspirit is commeasurable with the intellectuals spirit, and they are usually illustrated asfreedom, independence and criticism.

在宗教成为社会主导力量之后，神学信仰与自治是大学与宗教发生作用的集中表现；当政治成为社会的主要干预力量时，大学面临着如何统一国家本位与学术本位的矛盾；当经济是社会发展的重要筹码时，大学极端地膨胀了服务功能，充当着服务站的社会角色。大学的本性——学术性与教育性决定了自由、独立和批判精神是大学应&执守&的精神。

And amusing literature at that time too. Li was also a representative of modern Chinese intellectuals during their special turning period. His unique life experience and his adopted values had no intention of impling a new orientation of departing from politics for the latter intellectuals.

李伯元又是中国近代知识分子转型期的一位代表人物，他独特的人生道路和思想价值取向，为后来的知识分子暗示了一种与政治相背离的新的价值向度；这一点具有非常重要的意义，却长期为人们所忽略。

Second, there are four Chapters of this paper: Chapter I Russian History and the fate of intellectual in the 20thcentury, which unscrambles the very historical context reflected by Doctor Zhivago. It refers to the changes of Russian history and politics, the fate of Russian intellectual, the living condition of Pasternak in the torrent times. Chapter II The choice of fate by Russian intellectuals, specificly analyses different choices by different intellectuals, in order to prominent truly noble character of Russianintellectuals; ChapterⅢThe spiritual confusion of Russian intellectuals, analyses the basic formation of their spiritual confusion in the 20th century context of Russian History. It refers to the disjunction between reality and ideal, the tragedy of Hamlet-like character, and Zhivago-like spiritual orphan of Jew. Chapter IV The spiritual remolding of the Russian intellectuals, which profoundly analyzes the relationship among Tolstoyism, Christian faith and belief of the humanitarianism on the blue print of Doctor Zhivago's spiritual experiences, therefore, reflects the tropism of humanitarian value of Russia in the 20th century.

其次，正文部分共分四章：第一章&20世纪俄罗斯历史与知识分子的命运&，主要是从20世纪俄罗斯历史与政治变革、20世纪俄罗斯知识分子的命运、处在时代漩涡中的帕斯捷尔纳克的生存境遇等方面，来(来源：6a6aAB5eC论文网www.abclunwen.com)解读《日瓦戈医生》所反映的特定历史语境；第二章&俄罗斯知识分子的命运选择&，通过具体分析在特定的历史语境中，俄罗斯不同类型的知识分子对于命运的不同选择，以突出真正的俄罗斯知识分子高贵的人格品质；第三章&俄罗斯知识分子的精神困惑&，从理想与现实的脱节、&哈姆雷特式&的性格悲剧、日瓦戈式的&犹太精神孤儿&等方面，具体分析了20世纪俄罗斯历史语境中知识分子精神迷茫的基本形态；第四章&俄罗斯知识分子的精神重塑&，以日瓦戈医生的精神历练为蓝本，对20世纪俄罗斯知识分子的精神重塑与托尔斯泰主义、基督教信仰以及对人道主义的崇信的内在关系做了深刻解剖，从而折射出20世纪俄罗斯社会的人文价值取向。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。