查询词典 institutional

Without approval from the Shenzhen Municipal People's Government, no administrative institutional fee shall be collected, the municipal department of prices shall not issue Permit of Collection of Administrative Institutional Fees in Guangdong Province to the applier.

未经深圳市人民政府批准，不得征收任何行政事业性收费，市物价部门不得为其办理《广东省行政事业性收费许可证》。

Connecting with the new theory on public administration and institutional change at the base of theoretic and practice, by comparative analysis and demonstration analysis, the article deems that the villagers self–government on the family planning is the result of the institutional change and will be radicated as a rule.

本文在理论探讨和实践验证的基础上，运用比较分析、实证分析等方法，结合新公共管理及制度变迁相关理论，得出计划生育村民自治是制度变迁的结果，它将逐渐作为一种制度安排确立下来的结论。

Because traditional finance subject utmostly canonize the rational selected mode and methodology which keep the form of the financial interest need of the enterprise and its stockholders and the network of their financial relationship out of its analytic area, so liking the mainstream economics, traditional finance subject can not offer trustworthy explains to many financial affairs and can not prescribe the right policy prescription to the important financial problems, either. As a result of the logistic and realistic errors in the traditional mode, it will have an important and practical meaning to bring the new system principle into the analytic area of the financial subject and to develop the financial theory. The main points of this dissertation are as follows: The financial affairs of an enterprise are not the inner actions of the individual firm, but the function of the financial network of stockholders, so we should use the limit of the affairs not the inner property or inner driving force to interpret the financial affairs of an enterprise, we should use the method of circuital analysis not of individual analysis to investigate the financial affairs of an enterprise; The financial affairs of an enterprise is a social behavior, it is involved in the social structure and is restricted by the social structure, so we should care for the social characters, social responsibilities and social effects of the financial affairs of an enterprise; The financial network of stockholders is composed of five phases as follows: the finance of external stockholders, the finance of the operator, the finance of function, the finance of subsection and the finance of the stuff, in which the finance of the operator is dominant; The operational intensity and efficiency of the financial network of stockholders are influenced by technical factor as well as institutional factor, in which institutional factor is the fundamental character of financial affairs. Ultimately the substance of the financial affairs is the arrangement and operation for the financial system by stockholders; The relationship between enterprise and its stockholders is cooperative and conflicting. The important mechanism to solve the financial conflict between stockholders is the construction of the financial system, including the formal and informal system construction. Information and faith are the important mechanism to coordinate the financial conflict between stockholders, so we should pay much attention to the research of formal and informal system.

本文的主要观点是：企业财务行为不是企业个体内部的行为，而是利益相关者财务网络行为，因此应当用对行为的结构限制而不是企业个体的内在属性或内在驱力来解释企业的财务行为，用网络分析的方法而不是个体分析的方法研究企业财务行为；企业财务行为是一种社会行为，它嵌入于社会结构之中，受企业财务所处的社会结构的限定，因此应当关注企业财务行为的社会性质、社会责任和社会后果；利益相关者财务网络内含外部利益相关者财务、经营者财务、职能财务、分部财务和员工财务五个层次，其中经营者财务在其中占据主导地位；利益相关者财务网络的运作强度与运作效率既受技术性因素的影响，又受制度性因素的影响，其中制度性是财务的根本属性，企业财务的实质说到底还是面向利益相关者的一种财务制度性的安排与运作；企业与利益相关者之间以及利益相关者相互之间的财务关系具有合作性与冲突性，化解利益相关者财务冲突的重要机制是财务性的制度建设，包括正式制度建设与非正式制度建设，信息和信任是协调利益相关者财务冲突的重要机制，因此应当高度关注财务的正式和非正式制度的研究。

In order to coordinate relations ofexisting institutional rules,or to save the efficiency of theinstitutional rule,or to amend old-fashion institutional rule,andso on,government probably enforce compulsive institutional ruleinnovation.1

政府出于协调制度规则之间的关系，拯救制度安排的效率，以及修改过时的制度规则等方面的原因，都可能对制度规则进行强制性的创新。

The first chapter ("Economic Analysis: the Analytic Framework of the New Institutional Pedagogy"), the methodology of the paper, emphasizes the Old Institutional Pedagogy must be replaced by the New Institutional Pedagogy because of its radicalness in its analytic framework.

第1章("经济分析：新制度教育学的分析框架")是方法论部分，强调旧制度教育学的分析框架过于激进，必须用新制度教育学的经济分析方法取而代之。

Looked from the institutional transition process, the regional advance gradually of institutional transition leads to the regional difference of institutional structure, and because of the slow of inner-regional attenuation of traditional planning economic system, its new market economic system forms stagnantly, whereas sea-side region is contrary,.

从制度转型进程来看，制度转型的区域渐进引致制度结构的区际差异，内陆地区的传统计划体制衰减速度比较缓慢，从而新的市场经济体制的形成滞后，而沿海地区则相反；从制度创新的地区分布来看，沿海地区往往是制度创新的先导地区，在制度创新极和经济增长潜力相吻合的沿海地区，则有较高的经济增长速度。因此，制度变迁与地区经济增长之间有着重要的内在逻辑关系。

From the connection of economic increase and institutional transformation, this part posts that the institutional transformation is in favor of economic increase if the transformation is fit for it whether the institutional transformation is compulsive or not come-hither.

从经济增长与制度变迁的关系出发，本论文揭示与区域经济发展要求相适应的制度变迁有利于都市圈的成长，不论这种制度变迁是供给强制型还是需求诱致型的。

From a view of Rational Expectation, this paper, on the basis of both theory and demonstration, analyses the status of Chinese Institutional Investor"s expectation through studying the development status of Chinese Institutional Investors and draw a conclusion that Chinese institutional investor"s expectation is at the phase of quasi rational expectation .

本文从理性预期的角度出发，通过对影响中国机构投资者预期形成的中国机构投资者发展状况的分析，从理论到实证对中国机构投资者的预期状况进行研究，得出了我国机构投资者预期处于准理性预期阶段的结论。

The dissertation begins with the investigation of the fruitful research on function of debt governance in developed countries such as UK, US, Japan and Germany, and attempts to fill some important gaps in our understanding of inefficient investment controlling function, bankruptcy threat function and function of creditor's participating in corporate governance; Second, Theoretical and empirical study is done on whether three functions of debt governance can work well in state-owned listed companies. The result shows that so far the function of debt governance can't work well as expected; Third, after examining the special institutional background of China, the dissertation argues, grounded on the research results, that the essential institutional reasons include creditors and debtors being "quasi" market participants, the "quasi-equal" debtor-creditor relationships and the "quasi" market rules; Finally, it comes to the conclusion that the fundamental methods to change the situation are to encourage the supervision of banks, to deepen the reform of state-owned companies and to fulfill the outside institutional requirements for guaranteeing the function of debt governance.

文章首先借鉴英美、日德等发达国家对债权治理功效的已有研究成果，总结归纳出负债抑制非效率投资功效、负债的破产威胁功效以及债权人直接介入公司治理功效；其次，分别对三大债权治理功效在我国国有控股上市公司中能否发挥作用进行理论解析和实证检验，研究发现，目前我国企业债权治理功效不能发挥应有的作用；再次，针对研究结论，从我国特有的制度背景出发，分析其症结，认为我国目前的债权债务双方的&准&市场主体、债权债务双方的&准&平等关系、&准&市场游戏规则是导致债权治理功效不能发挥作用的根本制度原因；最后，提出解决对策，认为增强银行的监督激励、深化国有企业的改革以及实现债权治理功效的外在制度要求是债权治理功效发挥作用的根本途径。

This article analyzed the definition , the content , the function and development overview of institutional repositories under the background of open access . Combining some instances of the institutional repositories and the mechanism of information and resources integration in the library, it has discussed the integration of institutional repositories from the performance level and application level. Also, it proposed using SOA idea to improve the integration mechanism , in order to let the library archit...

文章首先分析了在开放获取背景下的机构知识库的定义、内容、功能及发展概况，结合机构知识库的实例及图书馆的信息资源整合工作，从表现层次和应用层次探讨了对机构知识库资源的整合，提出应用SOA理念，改善信息资源整合机制，推进图书馆在e-science背景下构建新的机构信息环境和学术交流环境。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。