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In this paper several technologies, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analyzer, wide angle X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy were used to systemically investigate the evolution of crystal structure, chemical structure, microstructure and properties of wet-spinning and dry-jet wet-spinning PAN precursor fibers during proxidation and carbonization process, analysis the structural change of carbon fibers during graphitization, and discuss the correlation between the structure and properties.

本文采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、元素分析仪、X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电镜、透射电镜以及高分辨透射电镜等测试技术，分别系统研究了湿纺原丝和干喷湿纺原丝在预氧化和碳化过程中纤维晶体结构、化学结构、微观结构和力学性能的演变规律，分析了碳纤维在石墨化过程中的结构转变，并对碳纤维结构与性能的相关性问题作了探讨。

Effects of various main factors on water absorbency were systemically investigated. The structure and surface morphology of the superabsorbent nanocomposites have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscope, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope.

系统地讨论各影响因素对复合吸水性树脂吸水能力的影响，并通过傅立叶变换红外、X-射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜等物理手段来表征复合高吸水性树脂的结构、表面形貌等性能。

The atmospheric corrosion of MB8 magnesium alloy deposited with NH4Cl and in the presence of SO2(25℃and 85%±5% RH) was studied by gravimetry, focus ion beam, Fourier transform infrared spectroscope and X-ray diffraction.

目的 通过研究NH4Cl和SO2对MB8镁合金大气腐蚀行为的影响，揭示大气环境污染因素对MB8镁合金腐蚀的影响规律。

The atmospheric corrosion of MB8 magnesium alloy deposited with NH4Cl and in the presence of SO2(25 ℃and 85 %±5 % RH) was studied by gravi metry,focus ion beam,Fourier transform infrared spectroscope and X-ray diffraction.

目的通过研究 NH4Cl 和SO2对MB8镁合金大气腐蚀行为的影响，揭示大气环境污染因素对MB8镁合金腐蚀的影响规律。

The bioactivity of titania coatings before and after modification were investigated by simulated body fluidtests in vitro.X-ray diffraction,Scanning electron microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectroscope and Energy diffraction spectroscope were used to investigate the microstr...

结果表明：氧化钛涂层和钛合金基体的结合强度较高，其值高达40MPa，涂层的耐模拟体液腐蚀性优于钛合金。酸和碱溶液表面改性后的氧化钛涂层经模拟体液浸泡可在其表面生成含有碳酸根的羟基磷灰石，显示良好的生物活性。

Secondly, the structure and the characteristics were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, TG-DAT, infrared spectrum and Raman spectrum.

其次，通过XRD分析、X射线荧光光谱分析、热分析和晶体振动光谱对晶体的结构和成分进行了分析。

The obtained white powder sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectrum and transmission electro-microscope.

用X射线衍射、红外光谱和透射电镜对纳米复合物的组成和结构进行了研究。

The cellulose was pretreated by ultrasonic. The changes of structure were characterized by scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction,and infrared spectrum.

用超声波预处理纤维素，并利用电子显微镜、X射线衍射和红外光谱对纤维素预处理前后的结构变化进行表征。

The nanocrystals were characterized by infrared spectrum,X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope,which were used to characterized their structure,composition and morphology.

采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜表征其结构、组成及形貌，并对其电致发光特性进行表征。

The occurrence of grafting copolymerization reaction is testified by analytical means such as infrared spectrum, X-ray diffraction and SEM.

以过硫酸铵为引发剂，合成了酸解氧化淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺共聚物并进行了表征。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。