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When the viewpoint is changing quickly, the rendering algorithm ignores some details of the diffuse component, otherwise the scene is rendered more precisely. The Specula highlight is dependent of the viewpoint, it must be processed in real time. We present an algorithm to get rid of the area that does not contain specula highlight quickly and calculate only the area that contains the specula highlight. In order to calculate the specula reflection and refraction component, we presented a new raytracing algorithm based on the environment map transformation. The environment maps are constructed at the sample points of the scene in the preprocessing phase. We add depth information in the environment maps and generate the exact reflection and refraction intensity with the transformation of a few pixels.

对于表面光亮度漫射分量，由于它与视点无关，可以把面片按照光照细节的分布预剖分成层次结构，然后在实时漫游时根据场景变化的快慢决定绘制的细致程度；对于镜面高光分量，由于它与视点有关，必须实时处理，我们提出了一种快速高光裁剪算法，通过简单测试，去除那些不包含高光的区域，只处理包含高光的区域；对于镜面反射分量和折射分量，我们提出了一种基于环境映照变换的快速光线跟踪算法，预先在场景的离散采样点处建立环境映照，然后根据入射点的位置，把邻近采样点处的环境映照上相关象素处的可见点变换过来，求取反射分量和折射分量。

From high resolution RS image of study area, gully head locations and land use information can be extracted, by performing overlay analysis on gully head locations map and flow accumulation map, slope gradient map, the slope and upslope drainage area of each gully head can be obtained.

采用的方法是RS技术与GIS技术相结合的方法，利用高分辨率卫星影像提取研究区内所有切沟的沟头位置和土地利用状况，将沟头位置与研究区的水流汇流网络图、坡度图作叠加分析，得到切沟沟头的坡度和上游汇水面积。

Then make the comprehensive comment to the objective foundation and realistic margins of the economic development of city country of Ningxias; Analyze the basic situation, characteristics, main illness of the whole industry development and the influence factor of the further developments of Ningxia; Further summing up the practice of Town construction and its interaction with country in Ningxia region, inducing three experiences of the positive interactive development of the city country, namely: to make science programming before city country coordination, to interact surrounding the area of the agriculture science and technology park ,to interact in developing agricultural product industry; to interact Will rely on the capital of city and the system creative ;to interact still exist in the process of the forestation in mountain area ;finally the paper put forward the management counterplans of interaction of the city country of Ningxia, among them generalize the industry organization mode of the interaction development as" five change": the layout centralize, enterprise collectivize , the information globalizes, the industry ecosystem ,the management itemize ;Generalize the operation mechanism as" four move": the enterprise in active, the government push, the industry move together.

文中综述了马克思主义和西方经济学的基本理论观点，我国已有的主要发展模式；对宁夏地区城乡经济发展的客观基础和现实差距进行了综合评述；分析了宁夏全区产业发展的基本态势、特点、主要病症和进一步发展的影响因素等；总结了宁夏城镇建设与农业、农村互动发展的实践，归纳出城乡互动良性发展的三条经验，即：实现城乡统筹协调要有科学规划，围绕农业科技园区建设搞互动，在加快发展农产品加工业中搞互动；将依托首府城市，通过管理体制创新实现互动发展，结合退耕还林还草活动推动山区城乡互动发展，以及发挥小城镇带动作用，城乡共建特色产业实现互动发展，分别作为一个发展模式。最后提出了宁夏地区城乡互动发展的管理对策，其中将互动发展的产业组织模式概括为&五化&：即布局集群化、企业集团化、信息全程化、产业生态化和管理项目化；将运作机制概括为&四动&：即企业主动、政府推动、产业联动、资金滚动。

Air photography collection, as the Three Gorges reservoir area in Chongqing with the National Mapping Bureau, co-construction of the Three Gorges reservoir area in Hubei Province comprehensive information integration platform for an important part of space.

三峡库区航摄影像采集是重庆市与国家测绘局、湖北省合作建设的三峡库区综合信息空间集成平台的重要内容。

Air photography, like the Three Gorges reservoir area in Chongqing data acquisition with the National Mapping Bureau, co-construction of the Three Gorges reservoir area in Hubei Province comprehensive information integration platform for an important part of space.

三峡库区航摄影像数据采集是重庆市与国家测绘局、湖北省合作建设的三峡库区综合信息空间集成平台的重要内容。

The 3D geologic model constructed by the geotechnical investigation management information system can be used to obtain any desired geologic section in a given area and realize vector filling. It may also cut several cross sections of the geologic body in a given area and visualize the 3D geologic section by turning.

5工程勘察信息系统构造的三维地质模型可以获得指定区域范围内的任意地质剖面图，并实现了矢量填充；可以在指定区域范围内地质体上一次任意剖切出若干个断面，并可以通过旋转观察，实现三维地质剖面的可视化。

In the future, Shenyang will build Grand Hunnan Area with a planned area of 400 square kilometers centering on Hunnan New District to mainly develop leading characteristic industries like electronic information and advanced manufacturing, including integrated circuit, animation, LED, software, computer and device, household appliance and audio-visual equipment, communication equipment, IC equipment manufacturing, industrial automation, numerical control, digital medical equipment and biological chips and so on.

未来将以浑南新区为核心，建设大浑南地区，规划面积400平方公里。重点发展电子信息和先进制造等主导特色产业，包括：集成电路、动漫、LED、软件、计算机及设备、家用电器及视听、通信设备、IC装备制造、工业自动化、数字控制、数字医疗、生物芯片等。

In the period of aerodrome construction project geology reconnaissance, highresolution orthomap of working area, 3D Remote Sensing Virtual Reality and animation of planned aerodromes are made with the technologies of Remote Sensing digital image process, Virtual Reality and digital photogrammetry. By information extracting and comprehensively assessing on the geognosy, engineering geology, environment geology and ecoenvironment of work area, scientific foundation can be offered to deciders and workers of aerodrome.

在机场建设工程地质勘察中，应用&3S&技术，通过遥感数字图像处理技术、虚拟现实和全数字摄影测量等高科技，制作测区的高精度正射遥感影像地图以及各个拟选机场的遥感图像三维虚拟动态系列动画图，在此基础上进行场区的构造地质、工程地质、环境地质以及生态环境等特征信息提取和综合评价，为机场建设工程决策者和具体的工作者提供科学依据。

The firsthand information was obtained from practical application of fly ash to ground foundation engi-neering in Chao Shan area through systematic indoor and practical experiments that provided design criteria for popular-ization of fly ash in this area.

通过系统的室内和工程实践试验，掌握了粉煤灰在潮汕地区地基基础工程中实际应用的第一手资料，为该地区推广利用粉煤灰提供设计依据。

China Index Research Institute, according to the latest monitoring information center, in May of 30 major cities nationwide, the turnover ratio or the largest area of Central for Hangzhou to 55.65%, which increases chain has more than 10% of 17, accounting for the total urban more than half of the number; ring or at more than 5-10 percent of the city a total of between 10; chain fell only Baotou and Chongqing, Central declines were 28.89 percent and 15.75 percent, showing the vast majority of cities in the country in May traded residential area there has been a marked increase.

据中国指数研究院信息中心的最新监测，5月份的全国30个主要城市中，成交面积环比涨幅最大的为杭州，达到55.65％，其中环比增幅超过10％的就有17个，占到总城市数量的一半以上；环比涨幅位于5％至10％之间的城市共有10个；环比下跌的只有包头与重庆，环比跌幅分别为15.75％与28.89％，可见5月全国绝大多数城市住宅成交面积都有明显的上升。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。