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The plasma ignition threshold of metal is got through experimental and numerical study. The vapour and plasma ignition times of the target are got based on the equation of heat conduction and cascade model. We suppose that the plasma is ignited when generations of new electrons are born in vapour generation time. The influence of temperature on the thermodynamics and optics parameters of material also have been considered in the model. The resulting theory has good agreement with the experiment and overseas report. A blade method to measure the laser spot is given in this paper with validation and error analysis. The plasma threshold of metals in atmosphere and water ambients both are diagnosed with the light deflection and piezoelectric transducer. A Q-switched pulsed Nd:YAG laser operating at infrared (1064nm), visible(532nm) and ultraviolet (355nm) wavelengths has been used. Al、Fe、Cu are used as targets and get a similar results with both method. Theoretical and experimental analyses are applied on the influence of wavelength on the threshold have been done, both of which have shown that the plasma threshold of metals decrease as the laser wavelength increases; The plasma threshold of metals are higher in water than in air and the pressure of the shock wave in water is five times higher than in air .

从热传导方程和雪崩电离机制出发，假设当电子增值210倍时，考虑了温度对材料热力学和光学参数的影响时，得到了气化和等离子体点燃的时间，利用该模型进行计算得到的结果与国内外报道及自行通过实验测得的阈值基本一致；提出了利用刀刃法测量激光光斑面积的方法，并通过实验进行了验证和误差分析；利用光偏转装置和压电换能器分别对空气和水中金属等离子体点燃阈值进行了实验诊断，激光器均为调Q－YAG激光器（波长1064nm，532nm，355nm，脉宽10ns），靶材分别为Al、Fe和Cu，两种测试方法得到的等离子体点燃阈值基本一致；本文从实验和理论计算两个方面讨论了波长对等离子体点燃阈值的影响，均得到了等离子体点燃阈值随著波长的增加而减小的结论；对空气中和水中不同环境下金属等离子体的点燃阈值进行了比较研究，得到了金属在水中的等离子体点燃阈值比空气中的大，且水中产生的冲击波的压强是空气中的5倍左右的结论。

The enterprise uses the different depreciation method to be possible to cause the booth sales volume which each time the fixed asset amortizes to be different, thus influence enterprise's dutiable obtained, then influence assessed income tax.

企业采用不同的折旧方法可以使每期的固定资产折旧的摊销额不同，从而影响企业的应税所得，进而影响应纳所得税额。

This paper introduces experiments on the influence of the cement type, sand type, sand size, and bentonite content on the thermal conductivity of the borehole backfills, and aslo the influence of the bentonite content on the backfill consistency.

实验研究了水泥型号、骨料类型、骨料粒径、膨润土含量对回填材料导热系数的影响，以及膨润土含量对回填材料稠度的影响。

The researched results indicate that the axial shift of CVC intermediate roll,the bending of work roll and the bending of intermediate roll have outstanding influence to the transverse distribution of rolling pressure,and clear influence to the transverse distributions of the pressure betweens roll s.

结果表明，CVC中间辊横向移动、工作辊弯辊和中间辊弯辊等手段，对轧制压力的横向分布影响很大，对辊间压力的横向分布也有明显影响。

Olympic culture has been communicated for a period of nearly 100 years. As the key of Olympic culture,the Olympic spirits has very important influence, especially in the time of Beijing hosting 2008 Olympic Games, communicating Olympic spirits with the construction of physical education on culture in campus has become the need of the new time. Physical education culture in the campus is an important part of the culture in campus. It is the briskest and the most original culture in the campus and exerts a subtle influence on the people in the campus.

奥林匹克文化在我国高校中的传播已经有近100年的历史，而奥林匹克精神作为奥林匹克文化的核心，具有丰富的内涵和良好的教育价值，在北京即将举办2008年奥运会之际，在我国高校中更广泛地弘扬与传播奥林匹克精神已成为时代发展的需求；高校校园体育文化是高校校园文化的重要组成部分，是高校师生接触最为广泛，最有活力的一种文化，对校园人有着多方面的重要影响，如何将两者相结合以实现良性的互动，有着重要的研究价值。

All attempts to influence it by temporal punishments or burthens, or by civil incapacitations, tend only to beget habits of hypocrisy and meanness, and are a departure from the plan of the Holy Author of our religion, who, being Lord both of body and mind, yet chose not to propagate it by coercions on either, as was in his Almighty power to do, but to exalt it by its influence on reason alone.

所有试图通过世俗的惩罚，约束和剥夺去影响这一自由的企图，只会带来伪善和恶意，是对于我们宗教的神圣制定者的背离，作为我们身体和思想的主人拥有无上权威的造物主，他没有强制这两者去扩展他的教义，而是依靠理性这唯一的手段发扬光大它。

This study ascertains the regression equation on the output per seed and its related effects: y =-0. 563-0.001x_1 +0.124x_2+0.021x_3+0.089x_4+0.067x_5-0.198x_6+0.131x_7,which shows that the fruits per seed and the biological output have the greatest influence on seed productivity-positive and leading effect, accounting to 89.74% and 6.84% in the influence; then turn to the available caudexes, fruits per seed, thousand seeds weight, the comparing between caudexes and seeds, and the caudexes highness.

在本试验条件下，确定了单株生产力与影响它的几个主要因素之间的回归方程为： y =-0 。563-0.001x_1 +0.124x_2+0.021x_3+0.089x_4+0.067x_5-0.198x_6+0.131x_7即单株结实果数和生物产量对单株生产力的影响最大，呈显著正相关，起主导作用，分别占总影响力的89.74%和6.84%；其次为有效分茎数、每果粒数、千粒重、茎杆与籽粒比、株高。

On the way, By giving the example as the names of the thing (such as silk silks etc.) with color and the basic colorific phrase associated with it, this text demonstrated a fact that the basic colorific phrases were evolved from the names of the thing that include the color, under the function of the come from the method that is borrowing the thing assumes the color, and expatiated the condition of the basic colorific phrase in Chinese language. Take the synthesize colorific phrase implied compliment or dispraiser as an example, explained the imagism of Chinese thought method how to influence the synthesize the colorific phrase, and do it by taking the food, metals and nature scenery makes the ratio at other Chinese thought method that is take shape to analogy as too. It expatiated the influence that the Han ethnologic culture result in the acceptation of the colorific phrase, pass on analyze the diverse the diverse metaphor meanings of colorific phrase and the opposite phenomenon of acceptation among them of, and the colorific etyma metaphor of "yellow","vermilion","purple","blue","green" and "white", under the premise that distinct the different between themetaphor meanings of colorific phrase and colorific etyma metaphor.

由此本文通过例举有色彩含义的事物专有名称及相应的基本色彩词，分析了基本色彩词是在&借物呈色&思维方式的影响下，由有色彩含义的事物专有名称演变而来的事实，并阐述了汉语基本色彩词的状况；以含有褒扬、贬抑语义的合成色彩词为例说明了汉民族&意向性&思维方式对合成色彩词的影响，以取食物、金属、自然界景物作比的合成色彩词为例说明了汉民族&取象类比&思维方式对合成色彩词的影响；在区分色彩词隐喻意义与色彩语素隐喻意义的基础上，通过分析色彩词的多元隐喻意义及其中的语义对立现象，并分析&黄&、&朱&、&紫&、&青&、&绿&、&白&等色彩语素的隐喻意义，阐述了汉民族文化对色彩词语义的影响。

It can enhance the dyeing fastnesses obviously and no influence on shade and minimum influence on the shade.

它能明显提高产品染色牢度，对于被处理织物色光影响较小。

On the basis of summarizing separation method of acetic acid-water system, we studied the azeotropic distillation process of acetic acid-water system, selecting butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate and isopropyl acetate as entrainers. The influence of packing height, ratio of water to entrainer and acetic acid initial concentration to separation effect of azeotropic distillation was studied in detail. Simulation calculations of general distillation and azeotropic distillation were carried out. The influence of reflux ratio, theoretical plate, feed position, feed temperature and feed concentration to distillation process were discussed. Preferred process operation parameter, which had guiding meaning to practical production of distillation process were obtained. Basic data for the process amplifying design of azeotropic distillation tower were provided. Invest and operation energy consumption of two distillation methods were compared. The elementary technical design of azeotropic distillation tower was carried out on the basis of result of simulation calculation. The type of major auxiliary equipments and inner parts of packed tower were selected.The research results are as follows:(1) Butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate and isopropyl acetate could be selected as entrainer, and separation effect was near.

本文在综述醋酸-水体系分离方法的基础上，以醋酸丁酯、醋酸异丁酯、醋酸异丙酯为挟带剂，对醋酸水溶液进行共沸精馏过程研究，详细研究了填料高度、水与挟带剂的配比、醋酸初始浓度等对共沸精馏分离效果的影响；对醋酸-水体系进行普通精馏和共沸精馏过程模拟计算，讨论了回流比、理论板、进料位置、进料温度和浓度对精馏过程的影响，获得了对醋酸-水体系精馏过程实际生产具有指导意义的较佳的工艺操作参数、共沸精馏塔的工艺设计放大的基础数据，并对两种精馏方法的投资、操作能耗进行了比较；同时在共沸精馏模拟计算的基础上进行了共沸精馏塔的初步工艺设计计算，并对填料塔的主要辅助设备及塔内件进行了初步选型。

You can do some assertiveness training.

你可以进行一些自信训练。

We were well on the path to making a rear-wheel-drive global platform," says Mays."

我们正致力于建立一个后轮驱动的平台，"Mays这样说道。"