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Conclusions-: In adult density-gradient separated BMMNCs, canonical Wnt3a promotes stemness, proliferation, and hematopoietic commitment, whereas noncanonical signaling via Wnt11 induces robust cardiomyogenic differentiation in a protein kinase C- and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase-dependent manner.

结论- ：在成人密度梯度分离BMMNCs，典型wnt3a促进stemness 增加及造血，而非典型信号通过wnt11强有力的诱导C-蛋白激酶和c-Jun-N -氨基末端激酶依靠性的心肌细胞分化。

GA, a inhibitor of HSP90, induces the expression of three hsp in nonstress condition.

对HSP90的结合蛋白质功能具有抑制作用的GA可增加三种hsp在正常生长条件下的基础表达水平。

Exposure to organotin contaminated water and sediments induces accumulation of organotins in molluscs and biological effects such as imposex.

接触有机锡污染的水和沉积物中有机锡诱导积累中软体动物和生物效应，如畸变。

By building a game model and using parameter simulation, we find that the job seeker with higher ability will overeducate to make the employer can separate higher ability first-time job seekers from lower ability ones when the expansion of higher education makes it easy to acquire a diploma. Once overabundant diploma due to the expansion of higher education universalization makes the employer can not discriminate higher ability candidates from lower ability ones, the employer reduces the salary of social freshman. Such phenomenon induces the equilibrium away from the Pareto optimality and decreases the total social production.

透过赛局模型分析以及参数模拟，我们发现高等教育普及化使得文凭取得相对容易时，高能力者被迫选择超过柏拉图最适的教育水准，以求与低能力者做出区隔；当高等教育持续扩张造成文凭氾滥，此时的混同均衡会使雇主无法以文凭来辨别首次求职者能力，於是雇主给予社会新鲜人的薪资将减少，体系的均衡将偏离柏拉图最适，甚至造成社会新鲜人总产出的下降，这是台湾高等教育普及化的隐忧。

RESULTS: We show that compromising Hsp90 function pharmacologically or genetically induces a transition from yeast to filamentous growth in the absence of external cues.

结果：在缺少外部信号的情况下，热休克蛋白90的药理作用显著降低，从酵母菌向丝状菌转变的速度亦下降。

Boron is one of the essential nutrients for plants and B deficiency induces a series of physiological changes, including the release of lateral bud. In the present study, the mechanism about the B deficiency-induced apical dominance was studied in pea plants Pisum sativum L.

cv。 Lisa为主要试验材料，研究缺硼减弱顶端优势和诱导侧芽生长的机理、生长素和细胞分裂素在顶端优势中的重要作用以及两者之间的相互作用。

In order to test the probability of Math1 gene induces hair cell regeneration in cochlea of presbycusis mice,we prosecuted the study and divided into three parts as following.

本研究拟行C57BL/6小鼠老年性聋动物模型评价；小鼠耳蜗外源基因导入途径及方法的研究；老年性聋C57BL/6小鼠内耳Math1基因导入后毛细胞样细胞的观察。

Signalling through CXCR4 mediates actin polymerization and pseudopodia formation in cells, and induces chemotactic and migration to target organs. In addition, CXCR4-SDF-1 axis can promote tumor angiogenesis and growth.

CXCR4在肿瘤组织中的表达明显高于正常组织，而肿瘤常见转移部位均为CXCR4的配体基质细胞衍生因子-1(stromal cell derived factor-1，SDF-1)表达丰富的器官，SDF-1与CXCR4结合后可使细胞肌动蛋白丝聚合，形成伪足，从而定向诱导肿瘤细胞迁移到特定的靶器官；此外，CXCR4与其配体SDF-1相互作用可以促进局部新生血管作用，利于肿瘤生长。

IDO inhibits the proliferation of eukaryotic intracellular pathogens or tumor cells by depriving them of tryptophan. IDO has been targeted for neurological disorders: it causes decrease of serotonin level in the brain resulting depression, and it causes the accumulation of neurotoxic quinolinic acid. IDO plays a key role in the suppression of T cell response and antitumor immune, it induces immune tolerance to embryo and explant.

IDO可通过降低微环境中色氨酸的浓度而达到抑制病原微生物增殖的作用； IDO与神经系统疾病也密切相关，它能降低5-羟色胺的水平而导致抑郁，也可造成脑中喹啉酸等具有神经毒性的代谢产物的累积； IDO在抑制T细胞免疫和抗肿瘤免疫、诱导母胎免疫耐受和移植物免疫耐受中均发挥重要的代谢性免疫调节作用。

Exposure of naive CD4〓T lymphocytes to superantigen induces a strong proliferative response. Prolonged exposure or subsequent restimulation of the responding CD4〓T cell population with superantigen leads to the apoptotic events of activation-induced cell death.

幼稚的〓细胞暴露于超抗原可诱导强烈的增殖反应，继续延长暴露或再次刺激应答〓细胞可导致活化诱导的细胞死亡。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。