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There is evidence indicating the existence of an innate migratory drive as well as genetic control of the onset, duration and end of the migration period, the amount of migratory activity, a genetically prescribed parameter that determines the distance over which the bird flies, the migration directions and physiological parameters, in particular fat deposition during the migratory period, but also those determining which individuals will migrate and which will not in forms that are obligatorily partial migrants.

有证据表明，存在某种先天的迁徙动因并涉及以下几方面的遗传调控：(1)迁徙过程的起始、持续以及结束；(2 )迁徙活动量，即决定鸟类飞行距离的遗传参数；(3)迁徙方向；(4)生理参数，特别是迁徙期间的脂肪贮存，以及对于那些部分个体迁徙的鸟种而言，决定个体迁徙与否的生理参数。

Three important conclusions are as follows:(1) the H2O content in garnet and omphacite can be up to 2000ppm and 3000ppm by weight respectively, indicating that they are significant carrier recycing surficial water into deep earth;(2) the heterogeneous distribution at the small scale of the H2O content and hydrogen isotopic ratios suggest that the whole subduction- exhumation process should be very fast;(3) the regular decrease of H2O content from rim to core within some garnet and omphacite grains indicates that hydrogen diffused out from mineral lattice during exhumation in response to sharp pressure decrease, and such hydrogen is expected to be involved in the early-stage retrograde metamorphism.

取得的主要科学认识包括：(1)石榴石和绿辉石的结构水含量可以分别高至2000ppm和3000ppm，这表明它们是板块俯冲过程中将地表水携带进地球深部的重要载体；(2)水含量和氢同位素组成表现出小尺度的不均一分布，说明板块的俯冲和折返过程是十分快速的；(3)在板块折返的早期，由于压力的降低，矿物中的H 会发生不同程度和尺度的扩散，这是早期退变质流体的重要来源。

In conclusion, these results suggested that (1) the ageing-associated decline in fertility of female KM mouse was due to a decrease in both quantity and quality of oocytes;(2) the ooplasm from young mice did not correct the meiotic errors of aged mice, and the ooplasm from aged mice did not induce abnormal segregation of meiotic chromosome of young mice, indicating that meiotic anomalies found in the oocytes of aged mice might be related to nucleus or chromosomes and relevant factors;(3) a critical nucleocytoplasmic ratio was essential for normal maturation and segregation of meiotic chromosomes of oocytes and development to 2-cell embryos.

本研究结果表明：（1）昆明白小鼠与衰老相关的生育力下降是其卵母细胞数量减少和质量下降的综合结果；（2）年轻小鼠卵母细胞细胞质不能纠正老龄小鼠GV的减数分裂错误，老龄小鼠卵母细胞细胞质也不诱导年轻小鼠的GV发生减数分裂错误，老龄小鼠卵母细胞减数分裂异常很可能与细胞核或染色体及其相关因素有关；（3）关键的核质比对卵母细胞正常的成熟、减数分裂染色体分离及2-细胞期胚的发育是绝对必需的。

Confocal laser scanning microscopy used to localize the hsp70 protein in oocytes and embryos revealed that the distribution of hsp70 in the ooplasm of immature and mature oocytes is unaffected by exposure to decreased or elevated temperatures and that this protein was closely associated with the meiotic spindle indicating its possible role in stabilizing this structure, hi eight-cell embryos derived under control conditions, hsp70 was evenly distributed in the cytoplasm but appeared as aggregates in some embryos exposed to elevated temperature.

此蛋白均匀地分布在两种细胞的胞浆中。此形态特点与减数分裂期纺缍体有关，由此表明hsp70在中期Ⅱ期，具有稳定这种结构的作用。在对照组8细胞胚中，hsp70均匀地分布在胞浆中，而在处理组一些胚胎内，hsp70则发生凝集。

Indicating that the oppositifolious maize adapted to drought condition better than alternative did.

表明对生比互生玉米对干旱条件的适应性较强。

To determine whether F3, similar to other large DNA iruses, encoded proteins that lock or delay apoptosis, mock- and F3-infected FHM cells were osmotically shocked and assayed for DNA fragmentation 3 hours later. NA fragmentation was clearly seen whether or not shocked cells were preiously infected with F3, indicating that infection with F3 did not block apoptosis induced by osmotic shock in FHM cells.

为了证明F3是否象其大DNA病毒一样编码能阻止或延迟凋亡的蛋白，在模拟感染和正常感染的FHM细胞被渗透压休克后3小时检测DNA片段化；结果显示无论是否休克F3感染都能诱导FHM细胞的DNA片段化，渗透压休克并不能阻止细胞凋亡。

CD40/CD40L interactions were also shown to play a significant role in the maintenance of autoimmunity,High-level expression of CD40L and CD40have been detected on monocytes/macrophages from patients with active sgstemic lupus erythematosus,rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases,indicating that the expression of CD40/CD40L on monocytes/macrophages could account for the formation of synovitis and osteoclasia.

CD40/CD40L是免疫细胞间的重要信号转导途径，单核巨噬细胞表达CD40与CD40L，分泌许多促炎性因子，参与类风湿关节炎滑膜炎形成、骨和软骨破坏。在系统性红斑狼疮、类风湿关节炎和其他自身免疫病中已检测出高水平表达的CD40与CD40L。

The carbon isotope of methane is light type, with δ^13C1 being -39.26‰, indicating that the gas is of primitive oilfield type at overmature stage in the Ordovician.

仅从空间配置关系判断，上古生界煤成气混入的可能性很小，因而，次生因素－TSR反应等是造成重烃组分碳同位素偏重的主要原因。

Large condensate gas pools are developed in the Ordovician and Carboniferous in the Lunnan low salient. Geochemical study shows that the Ro of gas condensate in these gas pools is in the range of 0.8% 1.0%(far below the threshold of R o＝1.3％ for thermal cracking), and the condensate gas is overmature dry gas (with R o＞2.0%). Moreover, the crude oil and dry gas in the study area were charged in different stages, indicating that the genesis of the condensate gas was not thermal cracking.

轮南低凸起奥陶系及石炭系发育大规模的凝析气藏，地球化学的研究结果表明，这些凝析气藏中凝析油 Rc 在0.8%~1.0％（远低于热裂解成因 R o＝1.3％的门限），凝析气为过成熟干气（回归 R o＞2.0％）；同时，区内原油与干气的充注期相异，表明轮南地区的凝析气藏并非热裂解成因的产物。

The results showed that semi-lethal temperature of P. racemosa was -35.6℃, indicating that plant could overwinter safely in Xinjiang without any protection measures. It can be used as suitable tree species in landscope engineering and afforestation.

结果表明，紫叶稠李的半致死温度为-35.6℃，在新疆寒冷的冬季不采取任何措施可安全过冬，是园林工程、荒山绿化树种配置的优良树种。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。