查询词典 index forest

Several results have been achieved as followings: 1. The response of stable carbon isotope in karst cave system to surface climate and environment This index can distinguish origin forest from other vegetation, but cannot distinguish transitional eco-environment such as bosk, grassplot and rocky desertification.

洞穴系统稳定碳同位素对地表气候环境的响应通过对4个不同生境洞穴系统的研究，认为洞穴系统稳定碳同位素可以很好地将原始森林植被同其它植被类型区分开；但是不能很好地区分植被退化的过渡类型如灌丛、草坡以及石漠化等。

It was found that, for the control treatment the average runoff depth was 3.72mm per 10mm, the water loss index was 37.2%, the average soil erosion was 43.6 kg*hm-2*10mm-1, and the soil erosion modulus was 7.42 t*km-2*a-1, which are all high in the 4 treatments. For the other three treatments, the surface runoff and the average soil erosion amount were 2.20%-67.08%and 43.81%-90.83%lower than those of the control, respectively. The most effective pattern for soil conservation was the artificial forest with underbrush treatment, and the best water conservation pattern was the treatment of planting tea bush on contour terrace.

结果表明，CK的平均径流深度为3.72 mm/10 mm，降水流失率为37.2%，平均每10mm降雨的土壤侵蚀量为43.6kg*hm-2，年土壤侵蚀模数为7.42 t*hm-2；其它3个不同植被覆盖处理的地表径流量比裸地对照降低2.20%～67.08%，平均土壤侵蚀量减少43.81%～90.83%；林下地表覆盖处理的保土效果最好，等高梯田种植茶树处理的保水效果最好。

The research of the composite index number of soil quality in different utilizing ways suggests that, Qi of forest plantation is obviously higher, whereas qi of sloping cultivated land is the lowest.

不同利用方式下土壤质量综合指数研究表明：人工林的QI值显著偏高，坡耕地的QI值最低。

Index of species richness of forest plant community was negatively correlated with community of defoliator and parasitic insect, in contrast, it was positively correlated with predatory insect community.

森林昆虫群落中植食性昆虫类群的多样性指数最大，为2.921，其次为寄生性类群1.243，捕食类群最小为1.123。

The purpose of this research is according to different forest type as the research object in the Alishan Working Circle. We have used a repeatable system to assess several parameters (Leaf Area Index, Crown density, Crown Transparency, Crown Dieback, and unusual phenomenon of other growth), and the above-mentioned parameters quantified to health indicator.

本研究主要以阿里山事业区内的不同林型为研究对象，透过地面调查健康指标之建立进行地面样区之每木调查，调查的项目包括叶面积指数、树冠密度、树冠透视度、树冠梢枯等，研究中将上述变数量化成为森林健康指标，藉此评估分析样区之健康状态。

The results showed that grassland and farmland were the main land use types of research area with obvious reciprocal transformation. Grassland was mainly transferred to farmland in 1975-1990. Farmland was chiefly converted to grassland, and grassland tended to increase in 1990-2004. The landscape diversity in the study area rose with the contagion index decreasing and fragmentation degree being intensified during 1975-2000. The advantageous patches maintained good connectivity with the increasing patch cohesion index and the decreasing landscape fragmentation during 2000-2004. The change of human interference intensity played an important role on the variation of land use structure. Land use intensity was mainly affected by the changes in population as well as national land use policies. In the following 20 years, the agriculture land area would tend to decrease, the grassland and unused land area would have a slight reduction by contrasting the increasing the forest land area notably.

结果表明，近30 a来，草地和农业用地面积在该研究区占居主导地位，并且它们之间发生着明显的相互转化。1975－1990年，草地主要向农业用地转移，1990－2004年农业用地主要转化为草地，草地面积增加；1975－2000年，研究区景观多样性升高，蔓延度指数下降，破碎化程度加剧；2000－2004年景观内优势斑块具有了很好的连接性，聚集度增大，整体景观格局破碎化程度降低；人为干扰强度的变化对土地利用结构的变化具有重要作用，土地利用强度主要受人口数量以及国家土地利用政策的影响；在未来20 a间农业用地面积会继续减小，草地、未利用土地面积将有小幅度降低，林地面积会显著增加。

Based on the status of suburban forest of Harbin, 49 well-grown afforesting tree species including 32 species arbor, 16 species shrub and only 1 species vine which are mainly Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Betula platyphylla, Syringa oblata and Acer negundo et al, were selected in this study. An information system concerning tree species was established by sorting qualitative index, testing quantitative index as well as referring to other study results.

本论文从哈尔滨市城郊林种现状出发，选择了在哈尔滨地区生长良好的樟子松、白桦、紫丁香、糖槭等49种绿化树种，其中乔木树种32种，灌木16种，藤本1种，通过对树种定性指标资料的收集、整理以及定量指标的实验获得了树种全面、系统的信息。

The diversity index and evenness index of tree species in medium-aged stands averaged 1.79 and 0.53. The dominant family for the forest was Fagaceae in terms of importance value, and the dominant tree species were Castanopsis eyrei, C. sclerophlla, Lithocarpus harlandii, and Cyclobalanopsis glauca.

肖坑亚热带常绿阔叶林的树种多样性较低，中龄林林分平均多样性指数和均匀度指数分别为1.79和0.53；依据优势度划分，该地区常绿阔叶林的优势科为壳斗科，优势种为甜槠、苦槠、青冈和东南石栎。

The third is the forest fire index which was used as resistance index.

利用生物多样性指数这个指标来对森林生态系统的结构性进行评价；3。

Patch dendity index and landscape separation index were showed that forest landscape patch fragmentation was high and farmland landscape patch fragmentation was low.

2保护区的森林群落类型主要为以马尾松为主的针叶林群落，马尾松林景观占保护区森林面积的62.25％，导致森林景观内部的多样性降低和优势度提高。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。