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M treatment materials, and also tartaric acid and no maleic acid detected in G. v treatment materials. Inoculation also increased the content of organic acid secretion (increased by 19.80～56.87 mg/kg) of trifoliate root, and the application of AlPO4 greatly increased organic acid content (increased by 20.06～21.84 mg/kg); uninoculated plant root secreted a bit of organic acid; Mycorrhizal poncirus trifoliata seedlings excreted malic acid (42.87%), citric acid (39.22%) and oxalic acid (12.06%).

接种AM真菌的根系分泌的有机酸种类与对照有所不同，未接种处理枳分泌的有机酸有草酸、苹果酸、乳酸、乙酸、顺丁烯二酸和柠檬酸等6种，而接种G.m的则检测到草酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、乳酸、乙酸、柠檬酸、丁二酸等7种，G.v处理的检测到酒石酸，接种处理均未检测到顺丁烯二酸；接种丛枝菌根真菌增加了枳根系分泌有机酸的量比未接种处理增加19.80～56.87 mg/kg，且施用AlPO4后有机酸含量显著增加(增加20.06～21.84 mg/kg；未接种植株根系仅分泌少量有机酸；接种植株根系分泌的有机酸以苹果酸(42.87%)、柠檬酸(39.22%)和草酸(12.06%)为主。

While the tissue spaces surrounding a few blood vessels wasAl and Fg positive,no Al or Fg positive cells were observed.In antemortem injurygroup,diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage,cerebral edema,swelling or pyknotic neu-rons could be observed.The axons showed irregular swelling and disconnection at1～3h,marked swelling and disconnection at 6h,and retraction ball at 15h whichwas more remarkable at 24h after injury.The space between myelin sheaths andaxons was increased at 3～6h after injury.Tortuous and wavelike myelin sheathswhich adhered on axons incompletely,or even peeled off could be found from 15hto 24h after injury.Perinuclear lysis of Nissl bodies began at 24h after injury.Thenumber of GFAP positive cells in cerebrum and brain-stem increased significantlyfollowed by decrease,and then increased again,but the time courses of the changesin different areas of brain were not same.Al and Fg positive neural cells,mainlysurrounded blood vessels,with diffuse or peripherally distributed positive matter incytoplasm could be observed at 0.5h after injury.The number of Al or Fg positivecells and the intensity of immunoreaction increased with the time of injury.The areaof SYN positivity in medulla oblongata and pons decreased notably 3～6h afterinjury,then return to normal levels and continued to 24h after injury.

生前损伤组，可见广泛蛛网膜下腔出血，脑组织水肿，神经细胞肿胀，晚期神经元固缩；伤后1～3h见部分神经轴突不规则增粗、断裂，伤后6h断端膨大，伤后15h可见收缩球，至伤后24h更为明显；伤后3～6h可见部分神经髓鞘与轴突之间的间隙增宽，伤后15h髓鞘明显曲折，不完全附着在轴突两侧，甚至剥脱，持续到伤后24h；核周尼氏体减少在伤后24h才开始出现；同一部位的GFAP阳性细胞数目随损伤时间发生改变，先增多（最早在伤后0.5h），达到高峰后减少，其后又有增多趋势，但不同部位的GFAP阳性细胞数目增减的时间过程不尽相同，同时，大脑中的GFAP阳性细胞数目也有改变；伤后0.5h，可在脑干组织中见到Al和Fg阳性神经细胞，主要位于血管周围，阳性物在胞浆中呈弥散性分布，但部分细胞的阳性物仅分布于靠近胞膜的胞浆中而呈环状，随损伤时间延长，阳性细胞数目增多，反应强度增加；伤后3～6h，延髓及桥脑中的SYN阳性物面积减少，其后恢复到正常水平，并持续到伤后24h。

The main organic acid was citric acid, followed by malic acid. Citric acid and tartaric acid levels increased during storage. Malic acid and quinic acid increased from stage one to stage two. Shikimic acid level increased from stage one to stage three, then decreased slightly. Acetic acid changed unremarkably. Succinic acid changed not significantly from stage one to stage two, then increased and it was the highest in the stage three. The level in stage four and stage five was lower than the level in stage three.

五九香梨果实中的主要有机酸是苹果酸和柠檬酸，整个贮藏期间，柠檬酸和酒石酸含量处于上升趋势，苹果酸和奎宁酸含量在第一、二月贮藏期间增加，而后开始下降；莽草酸含量在贮藏期第一到第三阶段上升，而后略下降；琥珀酸含量在第一到第二阶段变化不明显，接着有上升的趋势，在第三阶段含量达到最高，第四和第五阶段略低于第三阶段；乙酸含量变化不明显。

The final yield showed that the yield of plastic ridging and furrow drilling increased yield of conventional flat planting 1472.10 kg/hm^2, increased by 19.3%; increased 1844.79 kg/hm^2 compared with ridging and furrow drilling, increased by 25.4%, differences between different treatments were up to super remarkable level.

最终产量测定，起垄覆膜沟播冬小麦极显著的高于传统平作，比传统平作栽培高1472.10 kg/hm^2，增产幅度19.3%；比起垄沟播冬小麦最终产量高1 844.79 kg/hm^2，增产25.4%，差异均达到极显著水平。

The results showed:Under the same fertilizer consumption,covered with straw and covered with film can increase the chlorophyll content and total leer area duration of the maize,can improve leaf nitrate reeducates activity,Photosynthesis and roots vigor,and the nitrate reeducates activity,the chlorophyll content and the roots vigor present positive correlation with yield. Meanwhile,average dry matter accumulation of straw-covered increased 7.1% than this of no-ploughed,yield increased 15.3%.The average dry matter accumulation of film-covered increased 20.1% than which of no-ploughed and 12.1% than which of plough and covered with straws.And yield increased 26.8% and 10.1%,notable differences.

结果表明：在相同的肥料用量条件下，秸秆覆盖和薄膜覆膜对玉米生长发育具有良好的促进作用，能显著增加玉米叶片叶绿素含量和光合势，增强叶片硝酸还原酶活性和根系活力，同时玉米叶片硝酸还原酶活性、叶绿素含量、根系活力等与最终籽粒产量呈正相关；秸秆覆盖比免耕全生育期平均单株干物质积累量增加7.1%，籽粒产量增加15.3%，薄膜覆膜分别比免耕和翻耕残茬覆盖全生育期平均单株干物质积累量增加20.1%和12.1%，最终籽粒产量增加26.8%和10.1%，差异显著。

The results showed that as to resistant material (R15), the activities of POD, CAT, SOD, APX increased and PAL kept stable in sheaths, in leaves the activity of POD、CAT and APX increased, SOD、PAL decreased; as to high susceptible material (478), the activities of POD and CAT increased in both sheaths and leaves, SOD increased in leaves but decreased in sheathes, both PAL and APX had no striking change.

其结果显示高耐材料R15的叶鞘中除PAL变动不大外，POD、CAT、SOD和APX活性都有不同程度的增加，其中POD活性变化最为剧烈，叶片中POD、CAT和APX表现上升，SOD、PAL表现下降；高感材料478的POD、CAT在叶片与叶鞘中均表现上升，SOD在叶片中上升、叶鞘中下降，PAL和APX均无明显变化。

Under P-deficiency stress, IAA concentration in asparagus bean plant increased, and IAA translocated from shoot to root, then IAA concentration in root increased, and the ratio of IAA concentration in root/that in young stem and leaf increased, then the ratio of root/shoot increased, due to more carbohydrate translocated to root.

缺磷胁迫下长豇豆幼苗IAA浓度升高，并从地上部向根系运转，使根系IAA浓度和根系IAA含量/嫩茎叶IAA含量的比值升高，增强了碳水化合物向根分配的力度，促进了根冠比的提高，对缺磷敏感的二芦白升高最大，因而根冠比也升高最大。

The leaf WUE of millet was increased when root cutting in seedling stage,and only the treatment of I2D of maize increased the leaf WUE; The biomass WUE of millet and maize were increased excepting the root cutting treatments of "TM" and "sl"; At the 80% field capacity, when the root was cutted more seriously and more later,the seed yield WUE of millet were dropped; While at the 50% field capacity, the seed yield WUE of millet was increased when the root cutting is moderate in prophase,and have no reduction of output or increase the production at the same time ,while the benefit of saving water didnt evidently at the later stage root cutting.

苗期伤根处理能够提高谷子叶片WUE，而玉米伤根后仅I2D处理的单叶WUE高于对照；除TM和sl处理外，伤根处理提高了谷子和玉米生物量WUE；在土壤含水量为80%田间持水量时，随着伤根程度的加剧和伤根时间的后移，谷子子粒产量WUE下降，伤根不利于谷子WUE的提高；而在50%田间持水量时，前期伤根量适度的处理在不减产甚至增产的情况下还有助于作物子粒产量WUE的提高，而后期伤根的节水效果并不明显。

The study indicates that the content of soil carbon is on the low side because human behavior has a negative effect on sloping cropland. However, the content of every group soil carbon increased drastically by planting Robinia . With the increasing of the time of conservation, the relationship is very remarkable. After 50 years of restoration, the content of TOC, LOC, NLOC and AI in the study plot increased by 271%,174%, 467%, and 271%, respectively, compared with sloping cropland. The increasing speed of NLOC was faster than LOC. It is assumed that the increased carbon by restoration is stored in an inactive form to produce active matter which is necessary for biont. And the soil carbon must keep active to fulfill the balance of carbon dynamic transformation. At initial stages, soil carbon management index increased remarkably.

营造刺槐林可以显著增加土壤碳库各组分含量，并随恢复年限呈显著线性关系，50a时TOC、LOC、NLOC和碳库指数分别较坡耕地增加271%、174%、467%和271%，其中NLOC增加速率略高于LOC，表明植被恢复增加的土壤碳素绝大多数以非活性形态贮存起来，而为了满足生物生长所必须的活性物质来源，土壤碳库必须维持一定的活度状态来满足碳素的动态转化平衡，碳库管理指数在营造刺槐林初期显著降低，随后先增加后降低，与刺槐林生长特性密切相关；但与天然林相比差距仍然较大，恢复50a时TOC、LOC和NLOC仅为侧柏林的49%、34%和61%。

Biomass of M. micrura and C. vicinus increased with increased trophic level of the lake water, while biomass of large-bodied cladocerans (D. galeata and Leptordora kindti) decreased with increased fish predation, and relative abundance of calanoids to cyclopoids tended to decrease with increased fish predation.

微型裸腹溞与近邻剑水蚤的优势度随水体营养水平的上升而上升，而大型枝角类（盔型透明溞与透明薄皮溞）的优势度随水体中鱼类捕食压力的上升而下降，哲水蚤相对于剑水蚤的优势趋向于随鱼类捕食压力的上升而下降。

Through comparing with the results by simulation to study the effects of theprojectile"s final velocity, the angle of rotation and the ballistic trajectory"s migration withdifferent projectile"s rotating speeds, different target"s moving speeds and differentpenetration angles.

通过比较数值模拟的结果来研究不同弹头转速、目标速度、侵彻角对侵彻过程中弹头最终速度、翻转角度和弹道偏移的影响。

I love stationery and all the accoutrement of writing.

我爱文具以及所有的书写的工具装备。