查询词典 incentive

According to Two Factor Theory of Frederick Herzberg, it can only remove a employee's dissatisfaction of wage and working conditions, but it has no incentive effects, instead, the stimulation are only contributed by the work itself and the sense of responsibility to the work suchlike incentive factors.

根据赫兹博格的双因素理论，工资和工作条件的满足只能消除员工对工作的不满情绪，并没有激励的作用，而起激励作用的是工作本身和对工作的责任感等激励因素。

In the part of empirical analysis of Chinese IPO first-day return, the difference between existing study and this study is that we use principal components analysis to extract from five factors to construct investors'sentiment index, add it to controled varibles, on which we examine the influence of offering mechanism on IPO first-day return. Moreover, we gather statistics and compare the IPO holding return for lockup period between fixed-price-class offering method and bookbuilding-class offering method, as well as price range between Chinese A-share market and Hongkong stock market, which prvide comprehensive evidence to appraise Chinese IPO bookbuilding mechanism. 2. Compare to the existing literatures which consider discount or allocation, incentive allocation and discount are considered at the same time in optimal mechanism design in this dissertation, and the offering bottom price is introduced to the price range. We investigate the relationship between price range and allocation quantity, and obtain the optimal price range and allocation strategy so that the advantages of independent allocation are reflected. On the other hand, the disadvantages of independent allocation are reflected in the manipulation in case of no restriction on IPO allocation. To distinguish from the existing literatures, bookbuilding mechanism is introduced to the model. We study the allocation strategy adopted by the underwriter in the pooling equilibrium of manipulation. In addition, we analyze the incentive compatibility conditions to which the existence of pooling equilibrium should satisfy and examine some factors'impact on the existence of manipulation.3. In bookbuilding without independent IPO allocation, Chinese realistic IPO background is considered and the condition of bookbuilding and fixed-price hybrid offering is added. Divide bookbuilding and fixed-price hybrid offering into sequential hybrid and simultaneous hybrid, and point out that the key points of subscription strategy in the two kinds of hybrid are different. Through modeling and simulation we obtain the impact of institutional investors'subscription strategy on bookbuilding without independent IPO allocation, which fill the gap in related research. Moreover, in the part of IPO bookbuilding with over-allotment option, the pricing strategy is divided into hot-IPO strategy and weak-IPO strategy. Take into account the procedure of Chinese IPO with over-allotment option, it presents how the underwriter determines the pricing strategy and what effect it brings to offering price and issue size through modeling and simulation. Therefore, it is instructive as a complement to existing literatures.

此外，对我国A股市场询价发行方式与固定价格发行方式下的IPO锁定期到期时持有收益率、以及我国A股市场与香港市场的询价发行价格区间进行了统计比较，为评价我国IPO市场的询价发行提供了比较全面的依据。2、相比已有文献仅考虑折价和分配中的一种激励措施，本论文在有自主配售权下的机制设计中并用了分配与折价两种激励措施，并且在价格区间的制定中引入发行底价，考察了价格区间与分配量之间的关系，得到最优的价格区间和分配策略，从中体现自主分配权的优点；在有自主分配权下的操纵行为研究中则体现了自主配售权的弊端，与已有文献不同的是，在模型中引入了累计投标询价机制，研究了承销商在混同均衡操纵中采取的分配策略，并对操纵存在的条件进行分析讨论，得出各个因素对混同均衡操纵存在的影响。3、在无自主分配权下的询价发行中，充分考虑了我国实际应用的背景，加入了与固定价格发售混合的条件，并将询价与固定价格混合发行分为序贯与同步两种方式，指出机构投资者在两种情况下申购策略的侧重点各有不同，通过对序贯混合发行方式下的网下累计投标策略以及同步混合发行方式下的资金分配策略的模型建立和数值仿真，考察了机构投资者申购策略对无自主分配权下的询价发行的影响，填补了相关研究文献的空白；在包含超额配售选择权的询价发行中，将发行定价策略分为热销策略和弱销策略，在考虑了我国含超额配售选择权的发行流程下，通过建模以及数值仿真得出承销商会对发行定价策略作出怎样的选取，进而会对新股发行价格、发售数量产生怎样的影响，对目前相关研究的缺乏做出了有益的补充。

As China's accession to the WTO and financial globalization, foreign-funded banks and emerging joint-stock banks with their effective incentive mechanism have snatched a large number of outstanding financial talents from China's four major state-owned commercial banks. The unprogressive incentive mechanisms of state-owned commercial banks have constrained to its deepening reform and development.

在我国加入WTO、金融全球化的形势下，外资银行和新兴股份制银行凭借其有效的激励机制大量抢夺我国四大国有商业银行的优秀金融人才，国有商业银行落后的激励约束机制已成为制约其深化改革和向前发展的瓶颈。

The article is on the base that the control of price upper limit that checks current and extensive applying has analytic, applying medium experience and lesson actually in the light of its, undertook to theory of incentive sex control; put forward to link method of performance surveyor's pole and rear sight competition commenting the mechanism of control of integrated and incentive sex of control of academic price upper limit, undertook introductory to corresponding metric analysis method.

本文在对当前广泛应用的价格上限管制进行分析的基础上，针对其在实际应用中的经验和教训，对激励性管制理论进行了评述；提出了结合绩效标杆方法和标尺竞争理论的价格上限管制的综合激励性管制机制，并对相应的计量分析方法进行了介绍。

As a principal-agent mechanism is desiged,if incentive for manager in a enterprise is considered then risk costs、agential costs of principal are smaller than incentive for manager in a enterprise if not considered.

在设计企业的委托代理机制时，若考虑了对经理的激励，则委托人的风险成本、代理成本都比没有考虑对经理的激励时要小。

The results indicate that,in the process of knowledge sharing in enterprise under incomplete information,if employees are risk neutral,then he should take all risk and become real principle,there is no incentive;if employee is risk evadable,then enterprise should design incentive mechanism by the pattern of fixed pay plus profit distribution in order to employee to take some risk,Pareto optimality isn't reachable.

研究结果表明：在不完全信息条件下的企业内部知识共享过程中，当员工为风险中性时，企业无需对员工进行激励，员工会承担全部风险实际充当委托人角色；当员工为风险规避时，企业应采用固定报酬加利润分成方式设计激励合同，使得员工承担一定风险，此时帕累托最优合同无法实现。

Since it is impossible to monitor their behavior or the monitor cost is too high, entrepreneur incentive mechanism should depend mainly on market competition and property rights incentive, subsidiarily on incentives such as achievement, self-realization and social honor.

企业家作为复合型的高级人才，从事复杂劳动，其行为具有不可监督性或监督成本太高，所以企业家激励机制应该以市场竞争、产权激励为主，以成就、自我实现、社会荣誉等激励为辅。

The research showed that professional development and it\'s achievement motivation played a leading role in self-incentive of the college faculty members; economic factors are important stimulus, and its improvement could bring better incentive result; environmental factor was an inducing factor, the effectiveness of professional development and economic factors may be greatly favored or unfavored by atmosphere and environmental management system.

研究表明，在教师激励研究三变量中，教师职业发展及其隐含着的成就动机在教师自励过程中发挥着主导作用；经济因素是重要的激励力量，经济因素的改善会带来更大的激励效应；环境因素是诱因，职业发展、经济因素的激励效用可因环境氛围和组织管理体制的优劣而得到极大的发挥或被泯灭。

Through "the intrinsic incentive mechanism" and "the external incentive mechanism" affects each other, achieving to incent the core employee farthest.

通过&外在激励机制&和&内在激励机制&相互作用，以达到对核心员工最大程度激励。

In chapter seven, the pricing regulation model of power transmission and distribution is studied. In this paper, the incentive mechanism models are designed under asymmetry information about product cost and market demand, which can induce the utility company to report true private type and control the over price successfully. The models can the incentive compatibility constraint and participation constraint required for participants and can maximize social welfare.

本章对管制者分别在企业成本和消费需求两种信息不完全的情况下，运用激励理论对需求确定和需求不确定两种状况设计对垄断输配电企业在满足参与约束和激励相容约束的激励机制真实披露真实成本的私人信息以使社会福利最大化的目的展开研究。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。