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By applying psychological measurement methods, the author compared volition quality between short track speed skaters with difference sports performances and genders in order to gain an insight into if there is a dif-ference in volition quality between them, and revealed the following findings: in terms of objective clearness male skaters at international master sportsman level are superior to male skaters at national master sportsman level, but in terms of renitency male skaters at national master sportsman level are superior to male skaters at international mas-ter sportsman level; female skaters at national master sportsman level are superior to level 1 female skaters in terms of renitency, determination, confidence and total score, and differences between them are significant; furthermore, by comparing volition quality between male and female skaters, the author found that in terms of toughness male skaters are superior to female skaters, and the difference is significant, but in terms of other 5 factors and total score, differences between them are not significant.

摘 要：采用心理测量法，从不同运动水平、不同性别短道速滑运动员意志品质的比较入手，了解其意志品质是否存在差别。结果表明：男子国际健将运动员在目标清晰维度上好于男子国家健将级运动员，但在顽强性维度上，国家健将级运动员好于国际健将级运动员；女子国家健将级运动员在顽强性、果断性、自信心3个维度和总分上均好于女子一级运动员，两者差异具有显著性；此外，比较男、女运动员之间的意志品质，发现男运动员在坚韧性维度上好于女运动员，差异显著，但在其他5个维度及总分上，两者差别不具有显著性意义。

by applying psychological measurement methods, the author compared volition quality between short track speed skaters with difference sports performances and genders in order to gain an insight into if there is a difference in volition quality between them, and revealed the following findings: in terms of objective clearness male skaters at international master sportsman level are superior to male skaters at national master sportsman level, but in terms of renitency male skaters at national master sportsman level are superior to male skaters at international master sportsman level; female skaters at national master sportsman level are superior to level 1 female skaters in terms of renitency, determination, confidence and total score, and differences between them are significant; furthermore, by comparing volition quality between male and female skaters, the author found that in terms of toughness male skaters are superior to female skaters, and the difference is significant, but in terms of other 5 factors and total score, differences between them are not significant.

以心理干预为核心手段的运动员运动损。。。我国优秀排球运动员运动寿命影响因素。。。运动生物力学在乒乓球运动中的应用与。。。对投掷运动员运动损伤的调查分析与预。。。《运动防病治病讲座》健身运动的基本。。。都市运动研究：理论传统的界定和中国。。。《运动防病治病讲座》中年人的健身运。。。体校学生特征性运动自信心和运动动机。。。中国优秀沙滩排球运动员运动损伤流行。。。摘要：采用心理测量法，从不同运动水平、不同性别短道速滑运动员意志品质的比较入手，了解其意志品质是否存在差别。结果表明：男子国际健将运动员在目标清晰维度上好于男子国家健将级运动员，但在顽强性维度上，国家健将级运动员好于国际健将级运动员；女子国家健将级运动员在顽强性、果断性、自信心3个维度和总分上均好于女子一级运动员，两者差异具有显著性；此外，比较男、女运动员之间的意志品质，发现男运动员在坚韧性维度上好于女运动员，差异显著，但在其他5个维度及总分上，两者差别不具有显著性意义。

The measurement system error model analysis is introduced into power system real time network state analysis as an important part for the first time, which can improve on the state estimation quality and provide the capability to monitor the operation of the measurement system; 2. The theory and algorithm of the on-line estimation and update of measurement noise variance based on the relation between the residual variance and noise variance. The statistic properties of the sample variance are discussed and the relation between the estimation precision and sample size under given confidence level is derived; 3. The theory and algorithm of detection and identification of measurement bias are presented, which is based on the relation between residual mean and noise mean. The statistic properties of sample mean are discussed and the relation between estimation precision and sample size is derived; 4. The Givens orthogonal transformation algorithm is selected to be the essential algorithm of state estimation, the fast orthogonal transformation algorithm with damp factor and the algorithm which can handle the zero injection measurements efficiently are presented; 5. The quantity analysis theory of bad data detectivity and identifibility are presented, which describes the relation between the elements in matrix W〓 and bad data amplitude and can provide the theory base for measurement system design and valuation.

一、首次将量测系统误差模型分析做为一个环节引入电力系统实时网络状态分析中，为EMS系统增加了实时监视系统运行、修正量测系统误差模型的新功能，进一步发挥了实时网络状态分析应用软件的潜力；二、首次提出了应用样本方差在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的基本理论，讨论了样本方差的统计性质和概率分布，推导出了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的关系，给出了在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的算法；三、首次提出了应用样本均值在线检测与辨识量测偏差的基本理论，讨论了样本均值的统计性质，推导了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的基本关系，给出了在线检测与辨识量测偏差的算法；四、在状态估计算法设计中，以Givens变换算法做为基本算法，提出了快速正交变换阻尼因子法和可以有效地处理零注入量测的混合法，并对实时应用中的一些问题进行了讨论；五、提出了不良数据可检测性与可辨识性的定量分析理论，揭示了描述量测系统配置、网络结构与参数的残差灵敏度矩阵中的元素与不良数据的幅值在可检测、可辨识能力上的定量关系，为量测系统配置设计与评价提供了理论基础；六、综合国内外最新研究成果，采用自适应自回归预测技术和稀疏矢量技术，构造了较完善的不良数据检测与辨识算法。

In The Big Typescript, this dichotomy is detailed in his analysis of the temporal, spatial and genitive expressions, resulting in the distinction between the unspeakable"memory-time"(Ged〓chtniszeit) and the speakable"physical time", and that between the unspeakable"visual space" and the speakable"Euclidean space", etc;(4) From another perspective, the destruction of the conception of the "phenomenological language"could also be seen as the logical consequence of the radicalization of the one and the same conception, since this destruction does reinforce rather than weaken RLF's original intention of distinguishing the physical system from what are given in phenomena by demonstrating the incompatibility between this intention itself and the insistence on the speakability of the phenomena, which gives birth to the illusion of the"phenomenological language";(5) Nevertheless, what the radical distinction between the sense-data and the physical language (as the unique possible language) implies, according to Wittgenstein, is not that the latter has nothing to do with the former, but that the association between the two does not follow the"original sample-copy"pattern but the"screen-presenting-filmoperation"pattern, which indicates that phenomenon itself can be aroused by or included in-rather than to be described by-the physical language/system;(6) Thus Wittgenstein leads us to depart from the obsolete ambition of representing the immediately given data perfectly for a new destination where a comprehensive "perspicuity" of the"grammar"should be required and where his later philosophy is coming into being.

在《大打字稿》中，这一二分法在他对于时间表达式、空间表达式与人称表达式的分析中得到了细化，并导致了他对于"记忆时间"与"物理时间"的区分，以及对于"视觉空间"与"欧几里得空间"的区分，等等；(4)从另一个视角来看，维氏对于"现象学语言"观念的拆解也可以被视为同一观念在被加以彻底化后所导出的必然后果，因为这一拆解工作实际上乃是加强了，而不是削弱了他在写作《略论逻辑形式》时就已怀有的信念，即：必须将物理系统严格地区分于在现象中被直接给予的东西。换言之，维氏在这一拆解工作中所做的，只不过就是暴露了这一信念本身与对于现象之"可说性"的坚执之间的固有矛盾罢了——而所谓"现象学语言"的幻相，亦正是导源于上述坚执；(5)然而，根据维氏的本意，感觉予料与物理语言之间巨大的逻辑差异却并不意味着后者与前者毫无关联，而只是意味着两者之间的关系并不遵循着所谓的"原本—摹本"模式，而遵循的乃是"屏幕呈现—胶片运作"模式。

There is a positive relationship between the degree of knowledge tacitness and transfer cost; there is a negative relationship between the degree of knowledge overlap and transfer cost; there is a positive relationship between the degree of physics distance and transfer cost, but the relationship is not that significant; there is a positive relationship between the hierachical distance and transfer cost; there is a negative relationship between the trust and transfer cost.

结论如下：首先，从知识情境来说，知识隐含性与知识转移成本成正相关关系；其次，在相关情境重，部门差距与知识转移成本的正相关关系这一假设未能通过验证，知识重叠性与知识转移成本成负相关关系；知识转移双方物理距离与知识转移成本成正相关关系，但显著性处于临界状态，不能完全支持假设；职位距离与知识转移成本成正相关关系；在接收者情境中，基于能力的信任和基于善心的信任与知识转移成本成负相关关系。

The theoretical orientation is established in its relation with the rele- vant disciplines,such as the relation between sports humanities and sociology and sports study,the relation between sports sociology and sociology,the relation between sports humanities and sociology and sports teaching and training,the relation between the Chinese traditional sports and sports physiology and the relation between sports humanities sociology and sports sociology.

体育人文社会学的理论定位是在与之相关的学科关系中确立的。主要涉及4种关系：体育人文社会学与体育学的关系；体育人文社会学与人文社会科学的关系；体育人文社会学与体育教育训练学、民族传统体育学和运动人体科学的关系；体育人文科学与体育社会科学的关系。

Our troops must observe the correct principles that govern relations between the army and the people, between the army and the government, between the army and the Party, between officers and men, and between military work and political work, and relations among the cadres, and must never commit the errors of warlordism.

我们的军队必须在军民关系上、军政关系上、军党关系上、官兵关系上、军事工作和政治工作关系上、干部相互关系上，遵守正确的原则，决不可犯军阀主义的毛病。

There were significant differences of the incidences of 4 water-borne infectious diseases(cholera,hepatitis A,bacteroidal diarrhea and typhoid or paratyphoid)between former 5 years and later 5 years.The incidences of 4 water-borne infectious diseases except bacteroidal diarrhea showed downtrends year after year in 10 past years.By relativity analyzing,there were negative correlations between overall incidences of 4 water-borne infectious diseases and the qualification rate of drinking water coliform group,between the incidence of hepatitis A and drinking water coliform, between the incidence of typhoid or paratyphoid and drinking water total plate countand between the incidence of typhoid or paratyphoid and drinking water coliform.

改水前后各五年霍乱、甲肝、菌痢、伤寒副伤寒等四类主要介水传染病总发病率的差异有显著性，四类主要介水传染病的总发病率与饮用水大肠菌群合格率之间、甲肝发病率与饮用水大肠菌群合格率之间、伤寒副伤寒发病率分别与同期饮用水细菌总数和大肠菌群指标合格率之(来源：A1eBC3737论文网www.abclunwen.com)间呈负相关。

The dispersion of particles are also related to the interactionbetween nanosilver and polymer. Nanosilver dispersed well in PS, while form larger branchedclusters in PMMA, and polymers could prevent nanoparticles from aggregation. The interaction between nanosilver and polymers depends on the properties of polymers and treatment. XPS results indicated that no obvious interaction between nanosilver and PS was foundbefore and after heat treatment; for AS matrix, there exists a interaction between nanosilver and AN,moreover AN on the nanosilver surface could cyclize and lose N after heat treatment at 150℃ for1h; for PMMA matrix, there exists a interaction between nanosilver and O atoms, heat treatment at150℃ for 1h could lead to the reaction between Ag, S and O in the interlayer of composite andchange the interface interaction.

纳米银粒子的加入改变了聚合物体系对激光能量的吸收和转换方式，导致其激光离解方式的变化，通常此种粒子会促进聚合物的炭化，且在界面可能有诱导石墨化的作用；而银粒子自身的离解及其对基体激光离解的作用都受两相的界面相互作用的影响，即与聚合物基体的性质、后处理等有关，热处理后两相界面的变化对PS和AS体系的炭化影响不大，但PS体系中银团簇的最大原子聚集数减小；而对PMMA体系则基本上消除了激光炭化。

In created beings there is a real distinction between the essentia and the existentia; between the essentia and the subsistentia; between the real relation and its foundation; between the soul and its faculties; between the several faculties.

在创建人真正有区别的本质和existentia ；之间的本质和subsistentia ；之间的真正关系，其基础；之间的灵魂和院系之间的几个学院。

The work of this paper is as follows: 1. Looking back the progressing history of the linear motor, introducing the features of the elevator driven by linear induction motor, radicating the topic of this paper "the digital frequency variable control of the elevator bi-side direct driven by linear induction motor". The research of this paper covers the conventional VVVF control, space vector based VVVF control, vector control and DTC.

本文主要开展了以下几个方面的工作： 1 回顾了直线电机发展历史，电机的驱动技术演变，特别是针对直线电机的驱动，简要介绍了直线感应电机驱动电梯的优点和不同结构类型，对传统的v／f控制，基于空间矢量法的v／f控制，矢量控制，和基于电压空间矢量的直接转矩控制进行了比较，确立了本课题的研究主题：直线感应电机双边直推式驱动电梯的全数字变频控制。

The article combines with the treatment of a superficial civil air defense work to introduce how the grouting method to improve the performance of the backfill soil.

文章从治理漂浮人防工事的角度提出了注浆技术在改善回填土性质方面的应用，并详细阐述了注浆技术的施工流程。