查询词典 in vivo

According to the mechanism of block of development in vitro culture on early embryo of mammal and in vivo surroundings of early embryo, the paper states that requirement and utilization of nutrients during each cell stage of early embryo of mammal in vitro culture in order to search for in vitro culture condition and method to improve the development rate of blastosphere.

摘要从哺乳动物早期胚胎体外培养发育阻断机理和早期胚胎的体内环境入手，阐述了胚胎体外培养各细胞阶段胚胎对营养物质的需求，寻求合理的体外培养条件和方法，以便提高体外胚胎早期的囊胚发育率。

The purified immunoglobulins were effective in the inhibition of endothelial cell adhesion, proliferation and angiogenesis in chick chorioallantoic membrane in vitro, and in anti-tumor activity by the adoptive transfer in vivo.

将该抗体纯化后，纯化的免疫球蛋白可以有效地抑制体外内皮细胞的粘附、增殖和鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜的新生血管形成，体内过继输入治疗亦可引起抗瘤效果。

Dioscorea tuber is a tuberous herb which belongs to the Dioscoreaceae family that grows in West Africa, East Asia, in regions of China, Japan, Taiwan. It is a traditional Chinese medicine that is commonly used to nourish, strength, antioxidant, immunostimulatory activities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vivo and in vitro immunostimulatory effects of TA-05, a cultivated yam in Taiwan, and the murine innate and adaptive immunities were investigated.

山药为薯蓣科薯蓣属多年生蔓生性根茎类植物，可供食用，有滋养、强壮、止泻及降血糖等功效，自古以来，山药块茎即为著名养生滋养食品，而本研究则针对免疫调节机能方面，进行台湾栽培优质山药TA-05Dioscorea alata L。

In this paper, we introduced the method and set of cat perceptual learning and research the character of orientation discrimination and contrast detection of cat, and we also research the effect of visual perceptual learning on the response of the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus neuron with the method of single-neuron in vivo recording techniques, by which to the ends of knowing the mechanism of neuron in the perceptual learning. Perceptual learning in orientation discrimination and contrast detection was first observed by psychophysics method in cat in the following two experiments.

本研究介绍猫的视觉学习实验装置和训练方法，观察了方位辨别和对比度检测两种知觉学习的特点，并结合在体细胞外单细胞记录技术研究了视知觉学习对外膝体神经元反应特性的影响，初步探讨猫视知觉学习的神经机制。1、运用心理物理学方法进行了两个知觉学习实验，分别观察了猫对正弦光栅方位辨别和对比度检测的知觉学习。

Degradation test in vitro was carried out in phosphate buffer solution (0.1M, pH7. 4) at 37 ℃. The buffer solution was changed daily. Degradation test in vivo was implanted the sample to subdermal in adult ICH rat in the scapular area lateral to the dorsal midline. At suitable time the samples were recovered. Molecular weight changes in surface layer and bulk of polymer sample were measured by GPC and weight loss was determined gravimetrically. It was found that the degradation behavior can be regulated by changing the composition of copolymers. The critical compositions from surface to bulk degradation behavior for PGCA, PLCA, PLMCA, PLDCA systems were 15-20, 20-30, 30- 40, 40 of mol percent GA or LA unit in copolymers, respectively. The degradation behavior of PGCA, PLCA, PLMCA, PLDCA systems were compared and analysed. Some factors influencing the degradation character, such as copolymer composition, hydrophobicity, crystallinity and enzyme affect etc. played important role.

体外实验中材料降解环境为37℃，0.1M，pH7.4磷酸缓冲溶液，每天换液，定期取样；体内实验中将聚合物试样埋置于ICH小白鼠背部肩胛骨皮下部位，定期处死小鼠，取样，将体内体外样品进行重量损失及试样内外层分子量变化测定，分析各聚合物试样降解行为特性，实验结果证明，改变共聚物组成，可以调节各聚合体系降解行为特性，对PGCA，PLCA，PLMCA，PLDCA共聚体系，交酯摩尔百分含量15-20％，20-30％，30-40％，40％分别为各体系内降解行为特性由表面降解型向本体降解型过渡的临界转折点，交酯含量较低的聚合物不同程度地表现表面降解行为特性，论文对各共聚体系体内外降解行为作了分析对照，例如共聚物组成对材料降解速度与降解行为的影响；生物体内酶对降解行为的影响；材料亲疏水性，聚合物链段结晶行为及碳酸酯结构对材料降解行为的影响等，得出交酯/环碳酸酯共聚体系降解行为一些共性和规律。

The mice were used as experimental animals in this study,through the experiment in vitro and in vivo,systemic invested the dynamic changes in expression and localization of FGF7,FGF10 and its receptor in mammals development,lactation and involution;revealed the relationships between the expression of FGF7,FGF10 and its receptor and the function;clarified the function of FGF7 and FGF10 in mammary gland development,lactation and involution,and the effect of mammogenic hormones on expression of FGF7 and FGF-10 and its receptor in different periods in vitro.

本研究主要以小鼠为实验材料，通过体外和体内实验，系统研究FGF7、FGF10及KGFR在哺乳动物乳腺发育、泌乳及退化过程中表达定位的动态变化，揭示FGF7、FGF10及KGFR表达变化与乳腺发育及泌乳功能间的对应关系，阐明FGF7、FGF10在乳腺发育、泌乳及退化过程中的功能以及乳腺发育激素对不同时期乳腺FGF7、FGF10及KGFR表达的影响。

The lipid peroxidation of S. maxima cultured in the presence of 4 to 100mg Se/L analysed showed that the contents of free radicals by EPR and malondialdehyde increased, of which the latter was the products of lipid peroxidation. These resulted in the decrease of the contents of liposoluble matter and percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the increase of percentage of saturated fatty acids. Using dimethyl sulfoxide , which was oxidized by OH·to form the stable and nonradical compound, methane sulfinic acid , as a molecular probe, we found that the contents of MSA from S. maxima growing in the presence of selenium were higher than those without selenium added, i. e. selenium in vivo was able to scavenge OH. in this alga.

对4～100mg Se/L范围内培养的S.maxima进行脂质过氧化的分析结果表明，加硒条件下藻细胞EPR自由基的含量与脂质过氧化产物的含量增加，造成细胞脂溶性物质含量和不饱和脂肪酸百分含量下降，以及饱和脂肪酸的百分含量相对上升；使用DMSO作分子探针，用它与OH·的反应产物MSA来表示藻细胞OH·含量，发现加硒条件下藻细胞MSA含量低于未加硒的，即硒在藻细胞内具有清除OH·作用。

Four aspects of research achievements include:(1)several imaging correction methods and strained estimation methods for biological tissues elasticity imaging were investigated as well as elasticity reconstruction and phantom, in vitro and in vivo elasticity imaging experiments;(2)in the fields of biological microsystem and perfusion evaluation for microvascular system, three kinds of microbubbles whose shell are albumin, sugar ester and surfactant respectively were designed and produced, then the methods to estimate the thickness of their shells were presented, moreover, the interacting mechanism of ultrasound contrast agents and tissues, as well as protein drug delivery under the condition of ultrasound sonification were studied in the molecular level;(3) At the aspect of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy system, we designed and constructed the 256-element HIFU transducers using 1-3 composite materials. And furthermore we developed the integrated HIFU system with 256-element HIFU transducers. And we made preliminary and important progresses in the research of HIFU bioeffect, lesion estimation, techniques of monitoring and imaging and characterizing of structure of HIFU transducer;(4)The real-time method of voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation of physiological parameters was investigated in the field of medical rehabilitation. We addressed the physiology and biophysics of vocalization, modeled voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation mechanism, and put forward an integrated evaluation about the speech rehabilitation and the regenerated voice source; Sixty-one archived journal papers were published, as well as ten in international journals, and eighteen publications were embodied by SCI.

成果包括：（1）在生物组织弹性成像方面，研究了多种图像校正方法和应变估计方法，进行了弹性重构和仿体、离体及在体超声弹性成像实验研究；（2）在生物微系统和微血管血流灌注成像方面，制备了三种不同包膜超声造影微泡，研究了纳米包膜厚度检测与估计方法以及不同纳米包膜造影微泡断裂与药物释放机制，并在分子层次上开展了超声与生物组织相互作用机制以及蛋白质药物超声乳化微囊包裹的研究；（3）在阵列式高强聚焦超声治疗与监控成像技术方面，设计制作了新的HIFU换能器，解决了256阵元单焦点和多焦点合成HIFU治疗系统关键技术问题，并在HIFU生物效应与创伤性评价方法、HIFU过程监控成像技术和薄层复合结构与HIFU 换能器界面特性评价等方面的研究取得了初步而重要的进展，具有重要应用前景；（4）在语音听觉系统特别是嗓音康复方面，研究了基于发声系统补偿调节机制的实时多模式嗓音源再生方法和发声生理，建立基于神经、肌肉和空气动力系统的综合补偿调节模型，提出了相应的评价系统。

Four aspects of research achievements include:(1)several imaging correction methods and strained estimation methods for biological tissues elasticity imaging were investigated as well as elasticity reconstruction and phantom, in vitro and in vivo elasticity imaging experiments;(2)in the fields of biological microsystem and perfusion evaluation for microvascular system, three kinds of microbubbles whose shell are albumin, sugar ester and surfactant respectively were designed and produced, then the methods to estimate the thickness of their shells were presented, moreover, the interacting mechanism of ultrasound contrast agents and tissues, as well as protein drug delivery under the condition of ultrasound sonification were studied in the molecular level;(3) At the aspect of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy system, we designed and constructed the 256-element HIFU transducers using 1-3 composite materials. And furthermore we developed the integrated HIFU system with 256-element HIFU transducers. And we made preliminary and important progresses in the research of HIFU bioeffect, lesion estimation, techniques of monitoring and imaging and characterizing of structure of HIFU transducer;(4)The real-time method of voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation of physiological parameters was investigated in the field of medical rehabilitation. We addressed the physiology and biophysics of vocalization, modeled voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation mechanism, and put forward an integrated evaluation about the speech rehabilitation and the regenerated voice source; Sixty-one archived journal papers were published, as well as ten in international journals, and eighteen publications were embodied by SCI.

中文摘要：成果包括：（1）在生物组织弹性成像方面，研究了多种图像校正方法和应变估计方法，进行了弹性重构和仿体、离体及在体超声弹性成像实验研究；（2）在生物微系统和微血管血流灌注成像方面，制备了三种不同包膜超声造影微泡，研究了纳米包膜厚度检测与估计方法以及不同纳米包膜造影微泡断裂与药物释放机制，并在分子层次上开展了超声与生物组织相互作用机制以及蛋白质药物超声乳化微囊包裹的研究；（3）在阵列式高强聚焦超声治疗与监控成像技术方面，设计制作了新的HIFU换能器，解决了256阵元单焦点和多焦点合成HIFU治疗系统关键技术问题，并在HIFU生物效应与创伤性评价方法、HIFU过程监控成像技术和薄层复合结构与HIFU 换能器界面特性评价等方面的研究取得了初步而重要的进展，具有重要应用前景；（4）在语音听觉系统特别是嗓音康复方面，研究了基于发声系统补偿调节机制的实时多模式嗓音源再生方法和发声生理，建立基于神经、肌肉和空气动力系统的综合补偿调节模型，提出了相应的评价系统。

In fact, cells with NSCs-like properties are likely to occur throughout the adult CNS, but they are able to give rise to neurons in only a few restricted areas in vivo, i.e., the subventricular zone in the wall of the lateral ventricle and the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Very poor regenerative capability of the adult mammalian CNS could be explained as follows: first, theneuronal differentiation of endogenous NSCs may be inhibited by microenvironmental factors present in most areas of the adult CNS.

成年哺乳动物中枢神经系统可怜的再生能力可能主要归结于两方面的原因：第一，成年动物中枢神经系统内的大多数区域存在一些特殊的微环境因素，它们抑制了内源性神经干细胞向神经元方向的分化；第二，内源性神经干细胞的数量太少，不足以形成有效的自我修复。

Fancy gold-plated dangling earrings with facetted White Opal crystals.

花式镀金悬垂耳环与facetted白欧泊水晶。

This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the"burnout", lower successfulness, individualize.

本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象，运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查，调查结果发现，石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠，情感枯竭程度偏高，成就感偏低，去个性化程度最为严重。