查询词典 in the background

Third, as for the reasons for Unfunny, in addition to "I have read/heard it before"(Option 1),"Compared with what I have read/heard before, this one is nothing special"(Option 2), and "I don't understand it"(Option 3), the reasons in "Others"(Option 4) show 13 characteristics. To be precise, a joke is unfunny when it is too simple or childish, too long or complex, unattractive in itscontent, obscene, offensive, prejudiced or disparaged, it is not stimulating, simply a word play, predictable, old-fashioned, justnot funny, unknown to people who lack the background knowledge of this joke, or when the readers was unable to make connection right away as shown in Joke4.

在探讨笑话为何会「不好笑」的理由中，除了「我听过/读过」(选项 1)、「比起我所听过/读过的，这则笑话一点也不特别」(选项2)、以及「我看不懂」(选项3)外，大部分英语外籍人士和少部分台湾学生在「其他」(选项4)的答案显示出13种原因，包含笑话(1)太简单或幼稚，(2)太长或太复杂，(3)内容不吸引人，(4)内容低俗，(5)有冒犯的意图，(6)有偏见或贬低的意图，(7)没有启发性，(8)只是文字游戏，(9)笑点可预测，(10)老套，(11)就是不觉得好笑，(12)局限於特定背景知识的人才看得懂，或是(13)读者一时无法会意出笑点。

In this paper, by discussing the basic hypotheses about the continuous orbit and discrete orbit in two research directions of the background medium theory for celestial body motion, the concrete equation forms and their summary of the theoretic frame of celestial body motion are introduced. Future more, by discussing the general form of Binet's equation of celestial body motion orbit and it's solution of the advance of the perihelion of planets, the relations and differences between the continuous orbit theory and Newton's gravitation theory and Einstein's general relativity are given. And by discussing the fractional-dimension expanded equation for the celestial body motion orbits, the concrete equations and the prophesy data of discrete orbit or stable orbits of celestial bodies which included the planets in the Solar system, satellites in the Uranian system, satellites in the Earth system and satellites obtaining the Moon obtaining from discrete orbit theory are given too.

摘 要：通过讨论天体运行背景介质理论的连续轨道及离散轨道这二个研究方向的基础假设，介绍了天体运行轨道的具体方程形式及理论框架概要；进一步地通过讨论天体运行轨道 Binet 方程的一般形式及其行星近日点进动角的解，给出了连续轨道理论与 Newton 理论及 Einstein 广义相对论的联系与区别；通过讨论天体运行轨道的分维扩展方程，给出了包括太阳系行星、天王星卫星、地球卫星、绕月航天器等在内的离散轨道方程及其预言数据。

The writer grasped veraciously the despondent and downfallen character of the figures in her novels. She portrayed an obsolete, closed and downfallen "memory" of the flaccid and common people in the times of transition with her unique realization of life. With a desolate and sharp angle of view of "appreciation of ugly", she wrote her works in a pose of anti-heroism and romanticism and took love affairs and marriage as cutting points reflecting a common, eternal and desolate tragic life under the desolate background elaborately built by her.

作家准确地把握了人物封闭于其中的那种生活的颓丧、没落的特征，以其独特的人生感悟，以反英雄主义和浪漫主义的创作姿态，以苍凉犀利的"审丑"视角，以男女婚恋关系为切入点，在精心营造的苍凉背景下，演绎了普通、软弱的凡人在时代转折之际古旧的、封闭的、没落的生活"记忆"，反映了普遍的、永恒的、苍凉的悲剧人生。

The nature and international, internal background of education voucher are introduced in the first part of the thesis. The system of education voucher was raised by Friedman Milton in the book- government" function in education, who is the famous economist of the new liberalism in America in 1955. in response to the lower quality and rate of the public schools" system that caused by the government monopolized the public education, and demanding that market competition mechanism and patriarch-free-choosing mechanism enter school system, in order to improve the quality of public education in America.

教育券制度是由美国著名的新自由主义经济学家米尔顿·弗里德曼于1955年在《政府在教育中的作用》中正式提出的，是针对当时美国公共教育中由于政府垄断公共教育而导致的公立学校系统质量和效率低下的状况，要求把市场竞争机制和家长自由选择机制引入学校系统，以提高美国公共教育的质量。

This issue in order to focus on "post-colonial criticism"(Yi Xiao-bin ,2004:64-68) for perspective, from a historical and cultural background to be, as well as the characterization of discourse analysis,"Robinson Crusoe" set up by the The sovereign state / colony, his master / slave, white / color, cultural center / edge of culture, civilization / barbarity, Christian / tribal people, such as food dualistic system of colonial discourse deconstruction, revealing the implication of colonialism in the works Awareness and to explain how the guns Robinson backed in a planned way from the language of religious belief and two of the "Friday" naked colonial culture, it lost its original cultural identity, resulting in self-identity Loss of the dilemma.

本课题着重以"后殖民主义批评"（易小斌，2004：64-68）为视角，拟从历史文化背景、人物刻画以及话语分析入手，对《鲁滨逊漂流记》中所建立起的宗主国/殖民地，奴隶主/奴隶，白种人/有色人，中心文化/边缘文化，文明/野蛮，基督教/食人部族等二元对立的殖民话语体系进行解构，揭示蕴涵在作品中的殖民主义意识，并阐释鲁滨逊如何以枪炮为后盾，有计划地从语言和宗教信仰两方面对"星期五"进行赤裸裸的文化殖民，使其丧失了原有的民族文化身份，从而造成自我身份丧失的窘境。

Using method of effective medium approximation , spheric or complex particulates distributing even in the air background medium is regard as the equivalent of whitecap in this paper .

利用有效介质近似的理论方法，将白冠层视为以空气为背景介质、均匀分布球形或复杂结构海水粒子的一层有效介质。

Just under this background, studying on the flight mechanism of flapping-wing MAV and sample fabrication from the bionics are conducted in this dissertation. The kinematics equations of insect wings can be acquired by the observation and measurement on the natural insect in researching paper. The geometry model of insect is established by UG technology. The three dimensional grid during the insect moving in the flow field is achieved which adopted grid generation method. The characteristic of lift and drag are attained by simulation the surround flow field during the locomotion of wings, and the flight mechanism of insect is discussed. Based on this study, the physical flapping-wing MAV is fabricated by the acquirable materials and parts of apparatus in existence.

正是在这一背景下，本文从仿生的角度来研究微型飞行器的飞行机理与样机制作；通过查阅文献中对自然界中昆虫翅膀运动的观察与测量，获取了昆虫翅膀的运动方程；采用UG建模技术，建立昆虫的几何模型；采用网格划分方法，获取昆虫在流场运动时的三维网格；运用CFD方法模拟翅膀运动时周围的流场，获取昆虫运动时的升阻力特性，进而来研究昆虫的飞行机理；在此基础上，通过现有可用的材料加工制作仿生微型飞行器。

Five chapters were included in this dissertation: in the first chapter, the background and the appliable area of this study was described; In the second chapter, Aldo Rossi" urban architecture theory was discussed in detail ,focussing on two aspects of his rational-Typology and Analogical City; The third chapter provided a summarization of Aldo Rossi" architectural practice; the fourth chapter shows the practical significance for us through analysing his unique design technique; the final chapter was conclusions and expectations of Aldo Rossis urban architecture theory.

论文共分为五章，第一章绪论中提出了研究的背景、方法及适用的范围；第二章详细阐述了阿尔多·罗西的城市建筑理论，从理性主义类型学和类似性城市这两方面进行深入分析；第三章分析总结了罗西的建筑实践；在第四章通过对罗西创作手法的分析总结出罗西的理论对我们现实工作的积极指导意义；最后是全文结论及展望。

The following results are made from this research: Assessing data quality and band combination of different bands in line with geo-target features in desertification areas, and determining basic bands for desertification monitoring. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo-targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral-integrated-form-based classification method can remove the phenomenon of "different spectrum with same objects" resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo-target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflectionratio. It is suggested that "red edge" range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel-based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. The remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed.

研究结果如下：首先针对荒漠化地区的地物特征，对高光谱数据不同波段的数据质量、波段组合进行了评价，提出了适用于荒漠化监测的基本波段选择集；初步了解和掌握了研究地区的地物光谱特性及变异规律，进一步明确了掌握地物光谱特征和变异规律是用成像光谱仪数据提取地物信息的基础；发现了基于光谱整体形状的分类方法在很大程度上能够消除由于传感器、地物目标观测方向之间的角度变化引起的反射率曲线整体平移的&同物异谱&现象，对于谱形相似而整体反射率的值相差较大的两类地物，通过引入均值和方差图像参与分类得到解决；研究还表明在植被&红边&范围内的波段是进行荒漠化监测的主要特征波段，这些波段与植被生物量和盖度都有密切的关系，是开展精细植被分类研究和植被定量反演的重要基础；像元的导数光谱分析可以消除土壤背景的影响，是进行植被生物量和盖度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化监测主要评价因子的定量反演模型，并分析了模型的适用性。

Based on the study project of groundwater environment in the middle-lower reach area of River Yangtze, to describe the background characteristics of copper in groundwater, composition of the aquiferous media, properties of overlying rock and soil, oxidation and reduction environment, conditions of runoff in groundwater and acid-alkaline numbers of groundwater and soil.

根据国家科技攻关项目长江中下游重点地区地下水环境背景值调研的研究结果，论述了长江中下游地区地下水铜元素的背景特征及其与地下水的含水介质成分、上覆岩土性质、氧化还原环境、地下水的迳流条件、地下水及土壤的酸碱度的密切关系。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。