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Dynamic distribution and developmental process of race 4 of Heterodera glycines in the soybean root were monitored under field conditions in Shandong province during 2007 and 2008 in order to determine the developmental process and distribution of nematodes in soybean root, and provide information for effectively controlling the disease.

明确山东大豆胞囊线虫在大豆根系内的发育进程和动态分布为该病的防治提供最佳防控区域和最佳防治时期，于2007年和2008年对大豆根内胞囊线虫(4号生理小种)进行发育进程及动态分布的监测。

Aphids in the process of inhaling plant sap virus particles and auxiliary proteins also be inhaled, thus completing the process by poison, which also supports the field citrus aphid is non-persistent decline disease vector of disease, while the citrus Huanglongbing is phloem restricted by the bacteria caused the main pathogens present in the phloem, the fleas only by phloem feeding in diseased plants, pathogens in the body through the back to complete the salivary glands in the course of the next through the sieve tube feeding in the secretion of saliva the pathogens into the healthy tree, Citrus Huanglongbing different characteristics with aphid-borne diseases, Huanglongbing to persistent disease.

蚜虫在吸入植物汁液的过程中病毒粒子和辅蛋白同时也被吸入，从而完成获毒过程，这也支持了田间蚜虫是柑桔衰退病等非持久性病害传播介体，而柑桔黄龙病是由韧皮部限制性细菌类引起，病原体主要存在于韧皮部中，木虱只有通过在病株韧皮部取食，病原在体内完成循回到唾液腺中，在下一次取食过程中通过在筛管中分泌的唾液将病原体带到健树，柑桔黄龙病与蚜虫传病特点不同，黄龙病为持久性病害。

This most holy general synod of Constance, legitimately assembled in the holy Spirit, having invoked Christ's name and holding God alone before its eyes, having seen the articles drawn up and presented in this case against the lord pope John XXIII, the proofs brought forward, his spontaneous submission and the whole process of the case, and having deliberated maturely on them, pronounces, decrees and declares by this definitive sentence which it commits to writing: that the departure of the aforesaid lord pope John XXIII from this city of Constance and from this sacred general council, secretly and at a suspicious hour of the night, in disguised and indecent dress, was and is unlawful, notoriously scandalous to God's church and to this council, disturbing and damaging for the church's peace and unity, supportive of this long-standing schism, and at variance with the vow, promise and oath made by the said lord pope John to God, to the church and to this sacred council; that the said lord pope John has been and is a notorious simoniac, a notorious destroyer of the goods and rights not only of the Roman church but also of other churches and of many pious places, and an evil administrator and dispenser of the church's spiritualities and temporalities; that he has notoriously scandalised God's church and the christian people by his detestable and dishonest life and morals, both before his promotion to the papacy and afterwards until the present time, that by the above he has scandalised and is scandalising in a notorious fashion God's church and the christian people; that after due and charitable warnings, frequently reiterated to him, he obstinately persevered in the aforesaid evils and thereby rendered himself notoriously incorrigible; and that on account of the above and other crimes drawn from and contained in the said process against him, he should be deprived of and deposed from, as an unworthy, useless and damnable person, the papacy and all its spiritual and temporal administration.

这个最神圣的总主教的人Constance ，合法地聚集在圣灵的，有引用基督的名字和控股只有上帝面前，其眼睛，看过的文章，制定并提出了在这种情况下，对主教宗若望二十三世，论证，提出了，他的自发意见书，并在整个过程中的案件，并经商议成熟对他们的判决，法令，并宣布这个确切的一句话，它致力于写作：即离境的上述主教宗若望二十三世，从这个城市的人Constance从这片神圣的总理事会，偷偷和一名形迹可疑小时的通宵，变相及不雅着装，过去和现在都是非法的，众所周知的丑闻，以上帝的教会和本局，扰乱和损害了教会的和平与团结，支持这个长-常委会裂，并在差异与发誓，承诺与宣誓，由勋爵说，教皇约翰向上帝，向教堂，并把这一神圣的议会；表示勋爵说，教皇约翰一直是一个恶名昭彰的simoniac ，劣迹斑斑的驱逐舰该货物的权利，不仅对罗马教会，而且对其他教会和许多虔诚的地方，以及一个邪恶的管理员及配药的教会的spiritualities和temporalities ；他出名scandalised上帝的地下教会和基督徒的人，由他的可恨和不诚实的生命和道德的，无论是以前，他晋升为教皇，后来就目前为止的时候，即是由上述他scandalised是scandalising在一个恶名昭彰的时装上帝的地下教会和基督教人民，即在经过适当和慈善警告，经常重申，以他，但他硬是坚持了上述弊病，从而变成自己出名不可救药的，并认为是考虑到上述及其他罪行得出，并包含在说的过程中对他的，他就应该被剥夺和被废黜的，从作为一个不配；无用damnable的人，教宗和所有它的精神和时间管理。

Precision coating is a very important process in manufacturing of thin films. Among many coating techniques, slot coating may be the most promising in developing high precision coating process due to its versatility and controllability. Fundamentals of slot coating have been studied by many pioneer researchers. However, two topics: use of polymer additives and discrete operation remained relatively largely uninvestigated, especially in terms of their basic mechanisms. These two topics are studied in this thesis using theoretical analysis and experimental methods.

精密涂布技术是未来薄膜技术的重要发展方向，在诸多的涂布技术中，狭缝式涂布是用途广泛且有深厚发展潜力的一项，前人的研究阐明了许多狭缝式涂布的疑难问题，然而，随著精密涂布技术的发展，高分子添加剂与非连续操作逐渐地应用於狭缝式涂布之中，这两个研究课题目前并未发展出适当的理论来说明其机制，本研究以理论与实验的方法对这两个课题进行研究。

Precursors of sulfates and alkali halides prepared in co-deposition process were mixed homogenously, annealed at high temperature and then formed CoO and NiO fibers, XRD, XPS, Raman and SEM were used to characterized the samples, the growth of these fibers might be a special LS mechanism: soluble precursors in molten salt decomposed gradually to form initial crystal nucleus and succeeding particles adhered to these nucleus and grew anisotropically in the special high temperature fluent medium, the higher decomposition temperature and solubility of the precursor are two key factors in this method, which are in favor of a longer growth process and result in larger sizes of the final metal oxides crystals.

以共沉淀方法生成硫酸盐与碱金属卤化物融盐的均匀混合前驱物，在高温下退火制备出了CoO和NiO的晶须，以XRD和XPS等对成份进行了分析，SEM分析了形貌特征，研究了不同前驱物热分解特性，认为本方法是一种简单的LS生长机制：可溶性前驱物于融盐中热分解后逐渐析出成核，后续的粒子附着在核上，在融盐环境下沿一定方向作准一维生长，其产物形貌之不同源于硫酸盐的高分解温度和在融盐中的可溶性，导致晶体生长过程中成核过程与生长过程竞争的结果对一般前驱物结果的偏移。

The activated or leached process and their influence elements are studied by 1DREACT software package of coupled mass/heat transfer and chemical reaction dynamics of water-rock interaction, according to the geological and geochemical characters of fine disseminated gold deposits.(1) Water-rock reaction time is not the important influence element of activating gold;(2) At first, activating capability of hydrothermal solution increases with the increasing of total sulfur activity; after lga〓≥-4, the content of activated gold in solution is mainly related to original content of gold in wall rock, and does not visibly dependent on total sulfur activity.(3) It is a complicated nonlinear process of influence of activating gold capacity of hydrothermal solution with the change of temperature, in general, 220 ℃ is most favorable to gold activation.(4) The influence of oxygen fugacity on gold activation has a multiple functions coupling nonlinear effect, in general, Igfo〓=-41 is most favorable to gold activation.(5) Solubility of gold in fluid decreases with the increasing of velocity of flow, the product of velocity and aurous solubility reaches maximum when velocity is 0.2～0.5m〓m〓. yr〓, i. e. this scope of velocity is most favorable to gold activation.

利用1DREACT水-岩相互作用反应-输运耦合动力学软件包，根据微细浸染型金矿床地质地球化学特征，计算机模拟研究了金的活化、浸取过程及其影响因素，发现：(1)金活化过程中水-岩反应时间不是其主要制约因素；(2)热液对金的活化能力开始随总硫活度的增高而增高，当lg a〓≥-4后，热液中活化金的含量将主要与围岩中金的初始丰度有关，而对总硫活度无明显依赖关系；(3)温度对热液浸金能力的影响是一个复杂的非线性过程，总体而言，220℃最有利于金的活化；(4)氧逸度对金活化的影响呈现出一种多因素叠加的非线性效应，总体而言，lgfo〓＝-41最有利于金的活化与浸取；(5)流体中金的浓度随流体流速的加快而降低，流速与金浓度的乘积在流速为0.2～0.5m〓m〓。yr〓时达到极大，即0.2～0.5m〓m〓。yr〓的流速范围最有利于本类矿床的金的活化。

The incidence rates and duration of ventricular dilation-induced arrhythmias in each of verapamil, chelerythrine or glibenclamide group were similar to those in control group. Conclusion Ventricular dilation may induce arrhythmias in isolated rat hearts, which is inhibited by ischemic preconditioning. The transient increase in [Ca(superscript 2+)] appeared to be a triggering factor in the process of ischemic preconditioning. K channel PKC might also play an important roles in this process.

对大鼠心室进行膨胀可诱发心律失常；缺血预适应对心律失常的发生具有抑制作用；细胞内钙离子浓度的短暂升高可能是缺血预适应发挥抑制作用的驱动因子；ATP敏感性钾通道及蛋白激酶C在缺血预适应过程中可能发挥了重要作用。

According to the variation in the components of intermediateacid igneous rocks coming from the lower crust, it is possible to restrain the depth of the source area and the minimum thickness of the crust, and thus to provide important information for the study of the deep process of the continental intraplate mineralizationGlobally, many world level porphyry copper deposits and metallogenic systems formed by hypabyssal hot liquid have their close relationship with the synchronous adakite in spacetime and genesis; domestically, the adakitelike rocks have been identified to be related to the metallogenesis in the main metallogenic areas in ChinaThe recognition of adakitelike rocks having no relationship with the process of subduction makes it possible to construct a metallogenic model of continental intraplate porphyry metal deposits by combining other geological evidences, and this model is totally different from the metallogenic model of porphyry copper deposits with Bsubduction setting constructed by Sillitoe (1972)The existence of adakitelike rocks may be the necessary condition but not the sufficient one for forming the largescale porphyry deposits and the hypabyssal hotliquid deposits, whose metallogenic elements mainly came from the mantleThe metallogenic potential of adakitelike rocks is achieved by the entering of the mantle material, and the metallogenic specialization of adakitelike rocks is decided by the distribution characteristics of the metallogenic elements in the upper mantleAn important reason for the adakitelike magma related to subduction being advantageous to mineralization is that there were abundant high pressure and high temperature liquid coming from the subducted platepieces and the magma of high fO2 coming from the melting of subducted platepiecesHowever, for those adakitelike rocks, whose occurrence has continental plate background but does not relate to the subduction, their metallogenic mechanism is not clear yetBased on the concept of modern mineral exploration and combined with the analysis of integrated geological information, we may better realize the practical prospecting significance of the adakitelike rocks

根据起源于下地壳的中酸性岩浆岩的成分变化，可以约束其源区深度以及地壳最小厚度，为大陆板内成矿作用的深部过程研究提供重要信息。全球范围内，许多世界级斑岩铜矿和浅成热液矿化系统与同期的埃达克质岩存在密切的时空与成因联系，在国内主要成矿区带也识别出与金属成矿作用有关的埃达克岩。与俯冲过程无关的埃达克质岩的识别，使我们有可能结合其他地质证据构建完全不同于Sillitoe(1972)B型俯冲环境的斑岩铜矿成矿模式的大陆板内斑岩型金属矿床成矿模式。对于规模巨大、矿质主要源自地幔的热液矿床的形成，埃达克岩可能是必要条件，但不是充分条件。埃达克岩的成矿潜力通过地幔物质加入而获取，埃达克岩的成矿专属性由上地幔成矿元素分布特征决定。与俯冲有关的埃达克质岩浆之所以有利于成矿，重要的原因是存在大量来自俯冲板片的高压、高温流体以及俯冲板片熔融形成高氧逸度(fO2)的熔体，但产出在大陆板内背景、与俯冲无关的埃达克岩的成矿机制还不清楚。根据现代资源勘查理念，结合综合地质信息分析，埃达克质岩具有实际找矿意义。

The authors extended the representing framework Rof the KRA model so as to divide the perception into primary perception and abstraction perception. In the process of primary perception,Wunder the primary perception system P is mapped as P where the attributes of the objects in Wdo not change. In the process of abstraction perception, Wunder the abstraction perception system P* is mapped as P*. The objects in P*are abstraction objects, the types of which are related to the abstraction objects database predefined by the agent.

针对KRA抽象模型的表示框架进行扩展，将感知过程分解为初步感知过程和抽象感知过程两部分：初步感知过程将该模型提供的一个框架R表示世界W在初步感知系统P的作用下映射为P，该过程不改变W中具体对象的实体属性；抽象感知过程将P在感知系统P*的作用下映射为P*， P*中的对象称为抽象对象，抽象对象的类型根据感知者预先定义的抽象对象库Oa的不同而不同。

From some theories, especially the theory of marginal industrial expansion, we can learn the motive of Japanese direct investment in China. On the basis of the motive, The essay analyzes some investment strategy, such as, export - process - basis type strategy, market - merge type strategy and so on. In the third part, it analyzes the decision process of Japanese direct investment in China, the psychal behavior characteristic of investment, also the confirmation of region . Futhermore, it analyzes the direct investment of Japanese in detail. The fourth part is the relationship between Japanese direct investment in China and China - Japan trade. The datum of theory and practice explain that Japanese direct investment in China promotes bilateral trade and improves the trade structure.

从理论上，尤以小岛清的边际产业扩张理论为重点，说明日本对华直接投资的动机，并按动机把日本对华直接投资的战略类型如出口加工基地型、市场参与型等战略作了分析；第三部分：论述日本对华直接投资的决策过程，日本企业的投资心理行为特征以及投资区位的确定等，并且较为具体地分析日本中小企业的对华直接投资；第四部分：日本对华直接投资和中日贸易的关系。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。