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Secondly, detailedly analyzing reasons inducing these problems, author finds it is that not thinking of the slope of pipeline and the friction in the process of producing water hammer pressure functions, but, thinking of the effect of the slope of pipeline in the process of producing the consequent water hammer calculative continuity function, which results in the inconsequent illogicality in the whole process of producing.

接着，对这些问题存在的原因进行了详细分析，发现在当前推导水击压强公式的过程中没有考虑管道的倾斜度和摩擦阻力的影响，而在后面水击计算的连续性方程的推导过程中则考虑了管道的倾斜度，这就导致了在当前连续性方程的整个推导过程中前后矛盾的不合理现象。

At first step, the processor before the deformable body contact the end face of cone die cavity regarded as an extrusion process. The minification of core boss's cross-section regarded as compressibility of direct extrusion, which acted as definition factor when construct the Direct Extrusion Model element. Another step, the model element of flat punch extrusion on wedge piece process was constructed when propose the process of deformable body overflow die corner. In this way the spherical end face of blank looked as cone end face one, t he approximate treatment is one of originality innovation in this paper. At last, the two elements have been connected and constructed the model element of cone boss part's deformation in the open die forging.

对于锥形凸台成形的第一个特征时段，即坯料和锥形凸台型腔的端面接触之前的变形过程，本文将凸台的截面缩小率转换成挤压成形的压缩率并以此为界定，建立了不同截面缩小率时的锥形模正挤压的模型单元；对于锥形凸台成形的第二特征时段即锥形模的角部充满过程，在详细考察锥形型腔端面对变形过程影响的基础上，将变形体的球形端面近似成锥面建立了平冲头挤压楔形体的模型单元；最后将前述两种模型单元有机连结，构建了开式模锻中整个锥形凸台成形过程的定量描述。

Content abstract :Language and culture are having inalienable relation , language is acting as the intermediary effect in the process taking form in culture,; In the process of development of culture; Language is holding the post of the precis writer function; Language is playing carrier's role in the process of the culture delivery but.

内容摘要：语言和文化有着不可分割的关系，在文化形成过程中，语言充当着媒介作用；在文化的发展过程中；语言又担任着记录功能；而在文化的传递过程中，语言又起着载体的作用。

This paper (from 4-6) analyzes the fundamental theories and the civil characteristics of analogical reasoning, restrictive /extensive interpretation of purposiveness and legal fiction in details, simultaneously, it analyzes the multiple framework of compensating for legal loopholes with civil norms in the process of all kinds of concrete methods of the loophole-filling by examples, more importantly, under the multiple framework\'s guidance, it tries its best to construct the process of compensating for legal loopholes with civil norms in the process of all kinds of concrete methods of the loophole -filling.

上述三个方面，特别是第二、三个方面共同构成了论文分述具体漏洞补充方法与民间规范关联性的理论基础。论文详细地分析了类推适用、目的性限缩、目的性扩张和法律拟制等具体漏洞补充方法的基本理论问题、民间法性和在各种具体漏洞补充方法中以各种类型的民间规范填补法律漏洞的法社会学——规范实证的复合分析过程。更为重要的是，以上述复合的分析框架为指导，在判例阅读基础上，本文力图建构出这一过程具体的、真实的面向来。

On the basis of nonlinear FEA code ANSYS/LS-DYNA, rail rolling process of universal rolling unit were simulated by 3D large deformation thermal-mechanical coupled elastic-plastic FEM. And the deformation shape of the work piece, deformation parameters and cross dimensions for each pass were obtained and stress,stain distribution and metal flow in rolling process of typical passes were analyzed in detail. Analyzed typical pass stress and strain distribute, rolling stress and deforming in universal pass last groove in detail,discussed the effect regularity of residual stress distribution and size to safely using rail, detailed to expound universal pass to railhead tread circular arc process.

本文基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA非线性显式有限元软件，以60kg/m的重轨为研究对象，采用全三维弹塑性热力耦合的有限元方法研究了重轨在万能轧机组中的变形过程，得到了轧件在孔型中的延伸情况、各道次轧件的变形参数，分析了典型道次的应力、应变分布，并详细分析了全万能成品孔型中轧件受力和变形情况，讨论了残余应力的分布及大小对钢轨安全使用的影响规律，详细地阐述了全万能成品孔型对轨头踏面圆弧的加工过程。

XRD and SEM analysis showed that the main composition of the white substance which formed in cracks is CaCO3, which can block cracks and is probably the main cause of self-sealing. Two processes which called surface reaction process and diffuse reaction process are defined in the formation process of CaCO3.The phenomenons in self-sealing experiment can be explained by those two processes.

对试件裂缝中沉积的白色物质做SEM、XRD分析得出其成份主要为CaCO_3，CaCO_3堵塞裂缝应该是引起自愈现象的主要原因；CaCO_3的生成包括表面反应和扩散反应两个阶段，这在一定程度上解释了自愈现象先快后慢和自愈幅度砂浆＞混凝土＞净浆。

This article mainly simulates gradually damage destruction process of rock, major in determinationg the definition of rock three-dimensional damage tensor, simplify to the damage tensor and obtain its engineering calculation method, and obtains the basic expression form of equivalent stress by equivalent stress assumption, symmetrization to the actual stress, thus obtains construction relation of the festival principle of three-dimensional damage rock mass, finally couples elasticity- plasticity with damage in the finite element equation, with reference to elasticity-plasticity gradually degenerated method thought, simulates rock damage to advance gradually the destruction process in finite element method, draws up elasticity - plasticity and damage coupling two-dimension finite element procedure with the C language in the VC contact surface, by simulating experiment destroyed process, acquires destruction image and the axial load distortion curve of model, agreement with the experimental result.

本文主要模拟岩石渐进损伤破坏过程，确定岩石三维损伤张量的定义，对损伤张量进行简化计算并得出其工程计算方法，采用等效应力假设得出有效应力的基本表达形式，对有效应力进行对称化，得出节理损伤岩体的三维本构关系，在有限元方程中实现弹塑性和损伤耦合；借鉴弹塑性渐进退化方法的思想，采用有限元的方法模拟岩石损伤渐进破坏过程，用C++语言在VC界面编制了弹塑性和损伤耦合的二维有限元程序，通过模拟已有的实验破坏过程，得出模型的破坏图像和轴向荷载变形曲线，与实验结果基本一致。

In the article, we analysised the rainstorm process using conventional information, encryption data, strength ,speed and wind profile data of Doppler radar, discussed the atmospheric circulation system in the westing process of the subtropical high; revealed the different reasons caused two heavy precipitation (more than 10 mm per hour) and the possibility of small and medium-scale system existed, displayed the vertical distribution of the wind field over the stations in the rainstorm process and the close relationship between the transmission., strengthen of the level air-jet and the heavy precipitation, and then proved that the heavy precipitation was caused by the transmission and strengthen of the low-level jet.

利用常规资料，加密观测资料，多普勒雷达强度、速度和风廓线资料等对本过程进行周密细致的分析。探讨了在副热带高压西进过程中与之相配合的大气环流形势和影响系统；揭示了造成两次强降水（1小时大于10 mm以上）的不同原因和中小尺度系统存在的可能性；展示了暴雨过程中测站上空垂直风场的分布特点以及风廓线高低空急流下传和加强与强降水的密切关系，证明了强降水的产生主要由低空急流的下传和加强引起的。

In ...更多 his ideograhpic symbol system, the first level is the process from "Signans" to " Designatum" which was put forward by Ferdiand de sausure, that is, the process of constructing the form of Chinese characters; the second level is the process of taking "Signans" and "Designatum" for the overall integration as the new"Signans" and then producing the new " Designatum", that is, the process of constructing the meaning of Chinese characters.

在罗兰·巴特的符号表意系统，第一层是索绪尔的&能指&到&所指&的过程，即汉字的构形思维的过程；第二层是能指与所指结合的整体作为新的能指从而产生的新的所指的过程，即汉字构意思维过程。创造汉字的思维活动规律对华文广告创意思维活动有着重要的影响和借鉴意义。

In his ideograhpic symbol system, the first level is the process from "Signans" to " Designatum" which was put forward by Ferdiand de sausure, that is, the process of constructing the form of Chinese characters; the second level is the process of taking "Signans" and "Designatum" for the overall integration as the new"Signans" and then producing the new " Designatum", that is, the process of constructing the meaning of Chinese characters.

在罗兰·巴特的符号表意系统，第一层是索绪尔的&能指&到&所指&的过程，即汉字的构形思维的过程；第二层是能指与所指结合的整体作为新的能指从而产生的新的所指的过程，即汉字构意思维过程。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。