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Linear solvation energy relation was firstly introduced in the paper, and the method and step of gaining the special parameters of solvent and solute were introduced in detail, and these special parameters were used to selection and optimization of extractive agent in extractive distillation. The model of predicting activity coefficient at infinite dilution was established by linear solvation energy relation. By the above theory, several candidate solvents were selected to separate C5 fraction, and by experiment of vapor-liquid phase equilibrium at atmosphere pressure, the mixture of N-methyl-pyrrolidone including 4% water was used extractive agent of separating C5 fraction. Then binary vapor-liquid phase equilibrium of the some compound in C5 fraction and N-methyl-pyrolidone were determined at atmosphere pressure and correlated by NRTL equation. Isoprene being objective compound, experiments were operated in the laboratory-scale column; the processes were simulated by RadFrac model in ASPEN PLUS. And by the combination of experiment and simulation, the new process of separation of C5 was established.

本文首先对线性溶剂化能关系进行了分析介绍，也介绍了采用溶剂化能关系得到溶质溶剂特性参数的方法步骤，并将这些参数用于萃取精馏萃取剂的选择与优化；也通过线性溶剂化能关系式建立无限稀释活度系数预测模型，取得了一定的预测精度；将通过上述方法初选的溶剂进行了常压汽液平衡的测定研究，通过实验研究选定含水4%的N-甲基吡咯烷酮溶液做为C5分离的萃取剂，测定了大量N-甲基吡咯烷酮与C5组分的二元平衡数据，并进行关联计算；以异戊二烯为目标产物在实验室规模的精馏塔内进行了C5分离的实验研究，取得大量塔内数据；通过选用合适的热力学模型，采用ASPEN中RadFrac模块对分离过程进行模拟研究，通过实验与模拟相结合，建立了C5分离的新工艺，为将来的工业化打下了坚实的基础。

This makes more and more people pay more attention to studies and applications of numerical simulation in thermal recovery. In this research, we have developed a reliable mathematical model for thermal recovery, which takes a full consideration of the effect of viscos, gravitical and capillary forces on the three-phase flow of gas, water and oil, the effect of the temperature on the medium characteristics of liquid and solid, the phase equilibrium of gas-liquid in each component, heat transportation including connection, conduction and radiation as well as heat losses in both the overburn and underlying strata. In the space discreation of the mathematical model, we have proposed a new method based on the improvement of the conventional nine-points difference approximation, which has a higher difference accurancy.

本项研究以热力采油的主要机理为基础，充分考虑在粘性力、重力和毛管力作用下油水气三相流动，考虑温度对各种流体和固体介质物性的影响，考虑每一组分中汽液两相的相平衡，考虑热在地层中的传导、对流和辐射以及上下盖层的热损失，利用热力学第一定律、质量守恒定律和流体迁移定律，建立了正确可靠的注蒸汽数学模型；在对数学模型进行空间离散时，利用控制有限体积积分法，对以往的九点差分近似作了合理的改进，使其具有较高的差分近似精度：结果表明，该公式的近似精度要比以往文献中所给的九点差分近似精度高，可以认为，在油藏数值模拟中，如果遇到非均质情况，使用这种九点差分近似更合理。

Using cytohischemical staining methods, with the results of comparison the dynamics of proteins and polysaccharides in the anthe wall cells and colule cells of different developmental phases in female and male flowers, the anormogenesis of anther tapetum in the inflecting phase of from bisexual flower to unisexual flower was observed. In microspore developed phase, the tapetum functions of preserving and transportingmutritive material for microspore development and of secreting callosal enzyme for decompositing callosal cell lost no normal guadrant formed, of being abnormal meiose of pollen mother cells, and then, the stamen aborted selectively in female flowers and pistil in male flower.

利用细胞组织化学染色技术，对雌、雄花雄蕊花药壁细胞及花药内细胞发育过程中多糖及蛋白质动态进行了比较，实验中观察到雌花在从两性至单性花转变时期雄蕊绒毡层在整个发育过程中表现异常，在小孢子发育过程中未能起到贮藏、转运营养物质供小孢子发育及适时分泌胼胝质酶溶解胼胝质壁的功能，并且花粉母细胞减数分裂异常而未形成四分体结构，进而导致雌花雄蕊选择性败育，而雄花中雌蕊组织也发生了选择性败育过程。

The main characteristics include: the quiet Sun corona has a rapid response to the flare heating, within 2 second the corona temperature increases nearly one order of magnitude, but later such increase becomes very slowly; the downward velocity at early stage of impulsive phase is too small to be negnected; chromospheric evaporation made by conduction shows some intensely, the maximum evaporated velocity may be as large as 1000 km/s; the chromospheric condensation appears just when the chromospheric evaporation takes place and its place always coincide with that of transition region in the early stage; the maximum of chromospheric condensation occurs also in the early stage of impulsive phase, at which the density in condensation may be larger two order of magnitude than that of surround and the downward velocity may be as large as 100 km/s; after the maximum of chromospheric condensation, its strongth decreases gradually but its width becomes greater with time and have a tendency to transport into deep chromosphere; the front of chromospheric condensation heats atmosphere obviously and the temperature in the chromospheric condensation is higher than the original case; the downware velocity of transition region may be greater than 100 km/s at the early stage; when the evaporated material collide at the top of loop, the densityand the presure there increase rapidly, which result in the formation of a shock wave; and so on.

在改善色球辐射损失和精确分辨过渡区的基础上，通过联立求解连续性方程、动量方程和能量方程，构造了一维磁限制性耀斑环在热沉积作用下的大气动力学模型，获得了耀斑热模型下脉冲相早期较为细致的大气演化理论图象，其主要特征是：耀斑对宁静日冕的加热相当迅速，仅2秒钟日冕温度增加即达一个量级，之后日冕温度增加缓慢；脉冲相早期日冕向下速度很小，几乎可以忽略，热传导驱动色球蒸发，其过程较为激烈，蒸发极大速度可达到1000km/s；色球压缩区与色球蒸发几乎同时形成，且在早期其位置总是与过渡区位置重合；色球压缩极大发生在脉冲相早期，其时密度可高于周围约2个量级，向下速度可超过100km/s；色球压缩极大后，其强度逐渐减弱，但宽度明显增大，且渐渐脱离过渡区往色球传播；压缩区内物质温度要高于原先的大气温度；过渡区下降在脉冲相早期相当迅速，可超过100km/s；当蒸发物质在环顶高速相碰时，环顶的密度、压力迅速增大，且温度也有所增加，导致形成激波，其波面以每秒上百公里的速度自环顶向下传播；在脉冲相前期，日冕软x辐射对色球的加热作用可以忽略；等。

In this observational study, 65 children were treated with SLIT with a build-up phase of 11 days, culminating in a peak dose of 300 IR, and followed by a maintenance phase of 300 IR three times weekly. There were 51 boys and 14 girls; age range was 38 to 80 months (median age, 60 months). Allergens used were house dust mites in 42 patients, grass pollen in 11, olive pollen in five, Parietaria pollen in four, and cypress pollen in three patients. Adverse reactions and changes in the treatment schedule were compared in children aged 38 to 60 months vs those aged 61 to 80 months.

在这项观察性试验中，65位接受SLIT的儿童在11天的适应期后，将剂量逐渐调整到最高300 IR，接著以每周3次，每次300 IR的剂量持续接受治疗；试验中包括51位男童与14位女孩，年龄介于38至80个月（平均年龄为60个月）；其中有42位病患以尘蹒、11位以花粉、5位以橄榄花粉、4位以墙草、3位以丝柏作为过敏原；年龄介于38至60个月的儿童，与61至80个月的儿童分成两组比较不良反应发生机率与治疗疗程的改变。

In this observational study, 65 children were treated with SLIT with a build-up phase of 11 days, culminating in a peak dose of 300 IR, and followed by a maintenance phase of 300 IR three times weekly. There were 51 boys and 14 girls; age range was 38 to 80 months (median age, 60 months). Allergens used were house dust mites in 42 patients, grass pollen in 11, olive pollen in five, Parietaria pollen in four, and cypress pollen in three patients. Adverse reactions and changes in the treatment schedule were compared in children aged 38 to 60 months vs those aged 61 to 80 months.

在这项观察性试验中，65位接受SLIT的儿童在11天的适应期后，将剂量逐渐调整到最高300 IR，接著以每周3次，每次300 IR的剂量持续接受治疗；试验中包括51位男童与14位女孩，年龄介於38至80个月（平均年龄为60个月）；其中有42位病患以尘蹒、11位以花粉、5位以橄榄花粉、4位以墙草、3位以丝柏作为过敏原；年龄介於38至60个月的儿童，与61至80个月的儿童分成两组比较不良反应发生机率与治疗疗程的改变。

Catenin was detected in suprabasal, epidermal basal layer, placode, hair bud in early phase(E68～93),and expressed strongly in epidermal basal layer, placode, and hair bud, in suprabasal expressed less strongly; in metaphase(E94～184),β-catenin was detected in epidermis, hair peg, and in suprabasal, epidermal basal layer, hair follicle bulge, inner root sheath, outer root sheath, follicular infundibulum expressed less strongly; in late phase(E184～225),β-catenin expressed weakly in epidermal basal layers, while expressed strongly in epidermal keratinocytes.

结果显示：β-catenin在胎牛蹄边缘毛囊形态发生早期(68～93天)表达于表皮、基底层、基板和毛芽中，其中基底层、基板、毛芽中呈强阳性，表皮中呈中阳性；在毛囊形态发生中期(94～184天)表达于基底层、表皮和毛钉中，其中基底层、表皮、隆突区、内外根鞘和漏斗部呈中阳性；在毛囊形态发生晚期(184～225天)只在表皮及基底层有表达，其中基底层呈弱阳性，表皮呈强阳性。

Seven patients were admitted into this department in acute phase of trauma, repair of popliteal artery in 2 patients and repair of PMC and MCL in 4 patients were performed in this phase. Arthroscopic combined reconstruction of ACL and PCL with autografts was performed in all patients from 4 to 12 weeks after trauma, reconstruction of PLC with the posterior half of biceps femoris tendon tenodesis in 3 patients and reconstruction of PMC and MCL with femoral fascia in 1 patient were completed simultaneously.

方法］自2001年9月~2005年2月，13例病人（13膝）经关节镜检查证明ACL和PCL均断裂，其中5膝伴后内侧角、内侧副韧带损伤，4膝伴后外侧角损伤，2膝伴外侧半月板破裂，1膝伴内侧半月板损伤，3膝伴动脉损伤，2膝伴腓分神经损伤。7例病人于损伤后急性期入院，2膝于急性期行血管探查修复，4膝行膝后内侧角、内侧副韧带修复。13例病人于伤后4~12周在关节镜下行自体移植物单束ACL和PCL联合重建术，其中4例同期后1/2 股二头肌腱重建后PLC，1例同期阔筋膜PMC、MCL重建。

Seven patients were admitted into this department in acute phase of trauma, repair of popliteal artery in 2 patients and repair of PMC and MCL in 4 patients were performed in this phase. Arthroscopic combined reconstruction of ACL and PCL with autografts was performed in all patients from 4 to 12 weeks after trauma, reconstruction of PLC with the posterior half of biceps femoris tendon tenodesis in 3 patients and reconstruction of PMC and MCL with femoral fascia in 1 patient were completed simultaneously.

］自2001年9月~2005年2月，13例病人（13膝）经关节镜检查证实ACL和PCL均断裂，其中5膝伴后内侧角、内侧副韧带损伤，4膝伴后外侧角损伤，2膝伴外侧半月板破裂，1膝伴内侧半月板损伤，3膝伴动脉损伤，2膝伴腓总神经损伤。7例病人于损伤后急性期入院，2膝于急性期行血管探查修复，4膝行膝后内侧角、内侧副韧带修复。13例病人于伤后4~12周在关节镜下行自体移植物单束ACL和PCL联合重建术，其中4例同期后1/2 股二头肌腱重建后PLC，1例同期阔筋膜PMC、MCL重建。

Method］from sept 2001 to feb 2005, 13 knees with combined acl and pcl tear in 13 patients were verified with arthroscopy. of them, 5 knee were combined with rupture of the posteromedial coner and medial collateral ligament, 3 combined with disruption of the posterolateral corner, 2 with lateral meniscus tear, 1 with medial meniscus tear, 3 associated with popliteal vascular injury and 2 with peroneal nerve injury. seven patients were admitted into this department in acute phase of trauma, repair of popliteal artery in 2 patients and repair of pmc and mcl in 4 patients were performed in this phase. arthroscopic combined reconstruction of acl and pcl with autografts was performed in all patients from 4 to 12 weeks after trauma, reconstruction of plc with the posterior half of biceps femoris tendon tenodesis in 3 patients and reconstruction of pmc and mcl with femoral fascia in 1 patient were completed simultaneously.

方法］自2001年9月~2005年2月，13例病人（13膝）经关节镜检查证实acl和pcl均断裂，其中5膝伴后内侧角、内侧副韧带损伤，4膝伴后外侧角损伤，2膝伴外侧半月板破裂，1膝伴内侧半月板损伤，3膝伴动脉损伤，2膝伴腓总神经损伤。7例病人于损伤后急性期入院，2膝于急性期行血管探查修复，4膝行膝后内侧角、内侧副韧带修复。13例病人于伤后4~12周在关节镜下行自体移植物单束acl和pcl联合重建术，其中4例同期后1/2 股二头肌腱重建后plc，1例同期阔筋膜pmc、mcl重建。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。