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This paper has studied the physiological and biochemical changes during the period of forming strong buds of tree peony, and expect to provide academic basis for extending its view value and economic benefit . The main results are as the following:1 Under the field condition, Characteristics of photosynthesis of tree peony are very regular. From before blooming to the prophase of abducting buds that after blooming ,that is April,May and June,the net photosynthetic rate of tree peony is higher than the other period .It indicates that this period is very important for accumulating photosynthetic products of tree peony . So, if we want to get quality flower of tree peony ,it is very important to strengthen the management of tree peony cultivation and to ensure provide the fertilizer and water.2 From the middle ten days of June, with the time elapsing and with the environment conditions worsening, the characteristics of photosynthesis of tree peony decline deeply. But it is different among different tree peony breeds. For example , cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng can also has higher net photosynthetic rate, it indicates that cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng is super than the other two tree peony breeds when adapting the environment conditions and cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng has wide prospect to extend .3 The main factors of effecting the characteristics of photosynthesis are stomatal factor and non-stomatal factor ,that is the ability of photosynthesis of leaf cells. Under the environment of high light intensity in midsummer, if overshadow tree peony properly, then it can slow the declining of chlorophyll content, and increase the net photosynthetic rate and benefit for the accumulating of photosynthetic products.4 The content of soluble sugar in the root of tree peony is the highest among different organs during the period of forming strong buds . According to analyse ,we believe that the soluble sugar will compose starch then, and provide the solid base of material for the growth and development next year. It provide us strong academic basis of adopting the method of cultivating root and protecting root under thefield environment conditions .In other words ,it will help to increase the health level of the whole plant of tree peony and will be beneficial to forming quality tree peony flower if we strengthen the management of root. 5 To tree peony, the endogenesis hormone is important for its growth and development .In the prophase ,that is about the blooming of tree peony and the mid-summer ,IAA and ZR contents are higher and GA content is lower and its changes are very little, and the content of ABA is decreasing . This indicates that IAA and ZR act the important promote function for growth and development of tree peony in this period, and the function of GA is not important. Bur in the period of anniversary senescence of tree peony , the content of IAA and ZR begin to decrease ,while the ABA content has a certain rebound .T

本研究对几个牡丹品种壮芽形成过程中的某些生理生化变化做了研究，以期了解牡丹生长发育过程中生理生化的变化规律，探讨大田栽培条件下提高牡丹花质量的栽培措施和管理技术，为提高牡丹的观赏价值和经济效益提供理论依据，结果如下：1 大田栽培条件下，牡丹光合特性在生长发育过程中表现出极强的规律性，牡丹各品种的光合速率从牡丹开花前，到牡丹花谢后的花芽诱导期前期（6月10日之前），也就是在4、5、6月份，各牡丹品种的净光合速率相对与其他时间都维持在比较高的水平，这说明，在这段时间，是牡丹光合产物积累的重要时期，因此，要保证得到高质量的牡丹花，在这段时间加强对牡丹的栽培管理，保证这个时期的肥水供应十分重要。2 从6月中旬后，随时间的推移，环境条件的恶化，牡丹的光合性能剧烈下降，但是不同牡丹品种间仍有差异，比如，乌龙捧盛仍可维持较高的光合水平，这说明了乌龙捧盛这个牡丹品种对于环境的适应性较之其他牡丹品种高，有着广泛的推广前景。3 影响牡丹光合性能的主要因子是气孔因素和非气孔因素即叶肉细胞的光合能力，在盛夏高温高光强的环境条件下，对牡丹进行适当遮荫，能缓解牡丹叶绿素水平的下降，适当提高Pn，有利于光合产物的积累。4 可溶性糖在牡丹各品种的壮芽形成过程中，根中可溶性糖的含量在牡丹各部位中始终维持最高水平，分析认为这些可溶性糖在根系中进一步合成淀粉等储藏性物质，为来年牡丹的生长提供雄厚的物质基础，这为我们在大田栽培条件下对牡丹采取养根护根的栽培措施提供了有力的理论依据，即在大田栽培条件下，加强对牡丹根系的管理，有助于提高牡丹整株的健壮程度，有益于形成高质量的牡丹花。5内源激素对牡丹的生长发育调节作用是十分明显的，在前期，即开花前后和盛夏，IAA和ZR含量维持在比较高的水平，GA含量低且变化不明显，ABA含量逐渐降低，说明了IAA和ZR对牡丹在这段时间内的生长发育起到重要的促进作用，GA的作用不是很明显，ABA可能在高温高光强下有明显的升高，也说明了ABA的确有一些促进作用，但是到了牡丹周年衰老期，IAA和ZR的含量开始下降，ABA含量却有了一定程度的反弹，说明了IAA和ZR的作用开始降低，ABA起到了促进衰老的作用

The paper focuses on the tetraploidy black locust on Loess plaeatu of West Shanxi province, applys steady state promoter method and image processing technology to study the days transpiration water consumption in different weather ,different seasons and different site conditions,has primary analysis on the impact of environment on the transpiration and carries on the calculation to the tetraploidy locust tree by the single leaf water consumption to the single tree water consumption in CaiJiachuan watershed; Uses fast weighing method to measure and analyze the transpiration water consumption of five different herbs under the tetraploidy black locust forest (Capillary Wormwood,Vanilla,Agropyron Sristatum , Common Sowthistle and Medicago Sativa) in short time, in the same and different growcrop,and calculates the average transpiration water consumption per square metres ;the soil colome weighing method was used for determining diumal variation quantity of soil moisture evaporation, analyzing the dynamic variation and caculating the total quantity of soil evaporation water consumption from May to August ; then 5 kind of suppositions about the types of surface vegetation coverage are proposed in experimented site and the total evapotranspiration water consumption are calculated under 5 suppoitions ,aim at providing preliminary theoretic basis for ascertaining the transpiration water consumption of tetraploidy black locust forest,controling standing forest density and optimizing the forest grass deploy on loess plaeatu of west Shanxi province .

本文以两种不同立地条件下的四倍体刺槐林为研究对象，采用了气孔计法对蔡家川流域生长季内不同天气状况下(典型晴天、阴天和半阴天)四倍体刺槐日蒸腾耗水规律、不同季节(生长季初期、中期和末期)的蒸腾耗水规律、两种不同立地条件下四倍体刺槐蒸腾耗水比较以及影响四倍体刺槐蒸腾耗水的环境因子进行初步研究分析，并对四倍体刺槐由单叶耗水量向单株耗水量进行推算；采用经典快速连续称重法对四倍体刺槐林地生长的主要5种草本植物(白蒿、香青兰、冰草、苦苣和苜蓿)短时段内蒸腾耗水规律、不同生长季内蒸腾耗水规律、同一生长季不同种类草本植物蒸腾耗水量进行了比较分析，并且采用面积与重量比的方法推算出了单位面积四倍体刺槐林地几种主要草本植物平均蒸腾耗水量：采用土柱称重法测定了5月份～8月份土壤水分蒸发昼夜变化量、对试验期内土壤蒸发量动态变化作了分析、推算出了试验地5月份～8月份土壤蒸发耗水总量；对试验地地表植被覆盖类型提出了5种假设，推算出5种假设的情景下蒸散耗水总量，旨在为晋西黄土区四倍体刺槐林蒸腾耗水量的确定、林分密度调控以及林草优化配置等提供初步的理论依据。

It may be a modified terminal bud, as in the grapevine; a modified lateral branch, as in the passion flower; a modified leaf, as in Clematis Montana; a modified leaflet, as seen in many of the pea family; or a modified inflorescence, as in Virginia creeper.

它可能源于一个变态的芽，比如葡萄藤；或源于一个变态的枝，如西番莲；也可为一个变态的叶片，如 Clematic Montana ，亦或是一个小叶，如豆科；还可能是变态的花或花序，如五叶地锦。

When the ambient air humidity is higher than in the aμg hygrogram paper, the paper will absorb the moisture in the air, on the contrary, dilative and elongation in the ambient air humidity in an environment that is lower than the paper itself are contained in the humidity, the paper will release a shorter water back in order to achieve a balance between environmental humidity, the so-called paper with edge, Lotus Leaf suspended the water content of the paper.

当周围环境中空气湿度高于纸张所含的湿度时，纸张就会吸收空气中的水分而膨胀伸长，反之，当周围环境中空气湿度低于纸张本身所含的湿度时，纸张就会释放出水分而收缩变短，以达到与环境湿度的平衡，所谓纸张的紧边、荷叶边均与纸张的含水量有关。

The results indicated that the growth of 3-year-old Prunus salicina was significantly higher than that of the other species, such as 139.1% and 153.7% higher than Toona sinensis and Juglans regia in height growth, respectively. The maximum percentage of DBH more than 1.0 cm was 91.9% for P. salicina. Next were 49.5% and 48.8% for Ulmus pumila and Pteroceltis tatarinowii, respectively. The contents of total N, total P and total K ranged from 1.36% to 2.52% in the leaves of testing species. The highest content of total N and total P was found in the leaves of Catalpa bungei, while the highest content of total K was observed in P. saltcina leaves. The results indicated that P. salicina, P. tatarinowii, U. pumila had well adaptability on the Karst area both in the growth status and the improvement to the soil with the fallen leaf.

结果表明：(1)3年生冰脆李的生长量明显优于其他树种，其高生长比香椿、核桃分别大139.1%和153.7%；植株胸径大于等于1.0 cm株数的百分比以冰脆李最高达到91.9%，其次是榆树和青檀，分别是49.5%和48.8%；(2)8个树种落叶的全N、全P和全K的总含量变动为1.36%~2.52%，其中全N、全P含量以滇楸最高，全K含量以冰脆李最大；(3)从各树种落叶前后各元素含量及其转移情况看，冰脆李、青檀表现出对大部分营养元素具有较高的循环利用养分或保持养分的能力，而香椿及刺槐相对较弱。

Leaf spot was one of the serious fungal diseases in blackcurrant culture in Heilongjiangprovince. It disserved leaves and formed a lot of light brown spots as soiled on leaves in initialstages, then the spots turned into brown, in the end the spots turned into grey hoar and pycnidiumappeared in the center of the spot, leaves turned yellow and fell off earlier, influenced the outputand quality.

叶斑病是近年黑穗醋栗生产栽培中发生较严重的一种病害，主要侵染植物的叶片，初期在叶片上形成浅褐色水渍状斑点，稍后斑点变褐，后期病斑浅灰色或灰白色，斑点中心形成黑色孢子器，叶片变黄卷曲，提前脱落，从而引起黑穗醋栗产量及果实质量的下降。

This is a material in indigo grass branch and leaf of a kind of existence, produce the soluble white solution after fermenting, soak the fabric in this kind of solution, take out, turn into insoluble in water and blue and green and blue the oxidation of the oxygen in the air, it is able to bear drying in the sun washing and heating.

媒染剂除了天然的草木灰、石灰、明矾石、铁锈水、醋等物不会产生公害外，也有使用多种含金属盐的化学品，如醋酸铝、醋酸锡、醋酸铜、醋酸铁等物，这些化学品或多或少对环境有些影响，但比起化学染料来可说非常微小。

Deep autumn of setting sun, that low hill that go to many year agos of timespace pullouts, I am in setting sun the 静静 lookings at the remaining 辉, soon the small grass that wither away at nearby float shake, do not know is that tree ascends the leaf that drop down, from my in front float, I want to stretch hand to hold tight it, I want that again see it float the zero body the 姿, wanting to use my heart 暖 it the lifetime, but I have no, I did not stretch hand, selfish I let it is from I nearby float walk, a remaining for leaving I first individual being fond of 茫 lookinging at setting sun reflects shine on the earth, breeze not tight not slowly blow, the distant place spread the mineral area the broadcast in of song, break continuously and continuously come right away my ear the beside," probably tomorrow the sun the west descends the tired bird have returned, you will already step on old hour of the way home, life rare look for again mutually the companion that know, life finally difficult give up the very blue white cloud a remaining for" I in such deep autumn, setting sun in deep autumn I remembering this a few lyricses, autumnal winds bringing doing not calculate wonderful singing, however taking foliar feeling in autumn, setting sun reflect shine on my face, however the 勾 has the much more several remembering fondly.

深秋的夕阳，把时空拉回到多年前的那个山岗，我在夕阳里静静的看着余辉，快要枯萎的小草在身边飘摇，不知道是那棵树上掉下来的叶子，从我面前飘过，我想伸手去抓住它，我想再一次看看它飘零的身姿，想用我的心暖它一辈子，可是我没有，我没有伸手，自私的我让它从我身边飘走了，只留下我一个人迷茫的看着夕阳的余辉映照着大地，风不紧不慢地吹着，远处传来了矿区广播里的歌曲，断断续续的就来到我的耳旁，&或许明日太阳西下倦鸟已归时，你将已经踏上旧时的归途，人生难得再寻觅相知的伴侣，生命终究难舍蓝蓝的白云天&我在这样的深秋，在深秋的夕阳里我记住了这几句歌词，秋风带来不算美妙的歌声，却带走了秋叶的情，夕阳的余辉映照着我的脸，却勾起了几多的思念。

In the paper,the fresh,withered,rocked and fermented leaf fixed by microwave and steam were studied.The results showed that the content of pol yphenols of microwave samples was higher than those of steam samples;and the con tent of amino acids in steam samples was higher than those of microwave samples .There was a slight higher content of soluble sugars in microwave samples compa red with steam samples. The content of chlorophyll of microwave samples was hig her than steaming samples,and there was a small difference of caffeine content b etween microwave and steam samples.There was a little higher content of theafla vins in microwave samples than steam samples.The content of thearubigins in steam samples was higher than microwave samples,and there was no differe nt theabrown between microwave and steam samples.

摘 要：对鲜叶、萎凋叶、做青叶和发酵叶进行了微波和蒸青固样研究，结果表明：微波样的多酚类化合物保留量均高于蒸青样，氨基酸保留量则相反，可溶性糖的保留量微波样稍高于蒸青样，叶绿素的保留量微波样亦稍高于蒸青样，咖啡碱的保留量微波样与蒸青样间差异较小，发酵叶茶黄素的保留量微波样稍高于蒸青样，发酵叶茶红素的保留量微波样高于蒸青样，发酵叶茶褐的保留量二者间无差异。

Per letter from General Jervey, Office of the Chief of Staff, dated February 26, 1926, is quoted in part: The Secretary of War directs as follows - The following is the amended version of paragraph 187 of Army Regulation: No more than one Medal of Honor or one Distinguished Service Cross or one Distinguished Service Medal shall be issued to any one person, but for each succeeding or act sufficient to justify the award of a Medal of Honor or Distinguished Service Cross or Distinguished Service Medal, respectively, a bronze oak leaf cluster, shall be issued in lieu thereof; and for each citation of an officer or enlisted man for gallantry in action, published in orders from headquarters of a force commanded by a general officer, not warranting the issue of a Medal of Honor, Distinguished Service Cross or Distinguished Service Medal, he shall wear a silver star, 3/16 inch in diameter, as prescribed in Uniform Regulations.

&每将军Jervey，在参谋长年2月26日，1926年，办事处信引用部分：战争部长指示如下-以下为陆军第187例修订版本：&不超过一荣誉或一个杰出服务勋章或一个杰出服务奖章奖牌应发给任何一个人，但每个成功或行为足以证明一个荣誉和杰出服务勋章和杰出服务奖章，分别获得铜牌奖橡树叶簇，应发给取代之，以及每一个引用或招募人员在行动中英勇的男子，从一名普通军官指挥的部队指挥部命令发布，不值得的问题荣誉奖章杰出服务勋章和杰出服务奖章，他将穿着银星，3 / 16英寸直径，如统一细则的规定。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。