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The main results were showed as follows:Through screen and identification of morphology in M_2 and M_3, respectively, the mutants with mutative traits of plant were found. In which, 11 mutations were leaf variations, including light-green leaf, deep-green leaf, durative yellowish leaf, temporary yellowish leaf, inlaid yellowish leaf, wrinkly leaf, smooth-edged curly leaf, splitting-shaped curly leaf, peduncular-shaped leaf, round leaf and larger leaf, 12 were mutations on plant type, including excessive branches, lacking branches, highness, dwarf-like, erect posture, reclinate posture, strong stalk, slender stalk, tufty branches, wrinkled plant, purple stalk and hair-covered plant, 14 were flower variations, including dense flowers, light-yellow petals, white petals, white-mosaic petals, wrinkled petales, back-rolled petals, narrow petals, larger petals, smaller petals, apetalous flowers, variable-numbered petals, fertile pistil protraction, sterile pistil protraction and multi-anther, and 5 were physiologic mutants, including genic male sterile, cytoplasmic male sterile, bud-dead, and early and later bloom.

主要结果如下：通过田间M_2筛选和M_3重复鉴定，在田间农艺性状方面共获得浅绿叶色、深绿叶色、转绿黄化叶、持续黄化叶、边缘黄化叶、皱缩叶、光叶型卷叶、裂叶型卷叶、薹叶形叶、宽圆叶和大叶等11种不同的叶部性状突变体；同时还筛选到多分枝、少分枝、高杆、矮杆、株型紧凑、株型松散、粗茎、细茎、丛生分枝、整株皱缩、紫茎、整株被毛等12种植株性状突变体，密花、浅色花瓣、白色花瓣、白斑花瓣、皱瓣、卷瓣、窄瓣、大瓣、小瓣、无瓣、花瓣数目不定、可育型柱头外露、不育型柱头外露和多雄蕊等14种花器性状突变体，以及细胞核雄性不育、细胞质雄性不育、死蕾、早花和迟花等5种生理性状突变体。

As compared with the traditional irrigation-traditional fertilization, the following results of the improved optimized irrigation-optimized fertilization were obtained: significantly higher nitrogen use efficiency; the like tiller number per unit area, percentage of the tiller ear number/the tiller number, the ear number per unit area, the greatly reduced grain number per ear, and significantly heavier weight of 1, 000 grains; a trifle taller plants; shorter base internode length, a bit more weight per unit internode length, longer internode length under ear; almost the same LAI values in middle and later stages; coincident process of dry matter accumulation from straight growth onwards, a little more dry matter accumulation amount from earing to maturity; a little longer flag leaf, 2〓 leaf, 3〓 leaf (but the three leaves were shorter than those of the optimized irrigation-traditional fertilization) and shorter 4〓 leaf from top, a bit reduced total area of these leaves; almost the same leaf thickness, mean canopy leaf tilt angle, light extinction coefficient , ratio of light penetration in the upper, middle and lower parts of the wheat canopy, and fair plant type; almost the same senescence process of flag leaf; and increased root amount in 0-120cm soil layer and smaller rate of progressive decrease of the root length density and root weight density with soil getting deep, which can strengthen the resistance to adverse conditions such as water stress in the later stage.

在优化水肥条件下，冬小麦总分蘖数、成穗率及单位面积穗数与传统水肥比较接近，但穗粒数显著减少，千粒重显著提高；株高稍有增加；基部节间长度缩短，充实度略微增高，穗下节间增长；中后期LAI与传统水肥的LAI值基本吻合；起身至成熟干物质积累量动态变化过程与传统水肥十分接近，但抽穗至成熟所形成的干物质量增加；上三叶变长（但上三叶长度增加幅度小于优化灌溉-传统施肥处理），倒4叶变短，总叶面积略有减少；叶片厚度、冠层平均叶倾角、消光系数、冠层各层的透光率与传统水肥差异很小，株型较好；旗叶叶绿素含量动态变化与传统水肥十分接近；0-120cm土层的总根量明显增加，上层根群和深层根群的差异最小，有利于提高小麦后期的抗逆力。

The results implied that all of these three genes, when transiently expressed in leaf epidermal cells of susceptible wheat variety, can partly inhibit penetration of conidiospores and formation of haustoria, and to some extent increase the resistance of expression cells to powdery mildew.

结果表明，这3个基因在感病小麦品种叶片表皮细胞中的瞬间表达，对白粉菌侵入和吸器形成均有部分抑制作用，在一定程度上增强了表达细胞对白粉菌的抗性。

The results implied that two of these three genes, Glb3s2 and Cht4, when transiently expressed in leaf epidermal cells of susceptible wheat variety, can partially inhibit penetration of conidiospores and formation of haustoria, and to some extent increase the resistance of expression cells to powdery mildew.

结果表明，小麦几丁质酶基因Cht4（侵入频率为18.3%，对照为25.04%）和小麦肛1，3葡聚糖苷酶基因Glb3s2（侵入频率为19.63%，对照为24.63%）在感病小麦品种叶片表皮细胞中的瞬间表达，对白粉病菌侵入和吸器形成均有抑制作用，在一定程度上增强了表达细胞对白粉病菌的抗性。

The results showed that the N distribution centre changed with the shift of the growth centre.N mainly distributed in leaf and culm before silking stage,then the N distribution centre transferred to ear after silking stage,and then transferred to kernel formation gradually.

结果表明，糯玉米生育期间氮素的分配中心是随生长中心转移而变化的，开花前主要分配在叶片和茎秆中，开花后氮素的分配中心开始由茎、叶转向雌穗，并逐渐以子粒建成为中心。

Agarics are common in leaf litter and rotting wood, where they live as saprobes.

伞菌目的生物通常在树叶和腐烂的木材中作为腐生生物而存在。

Flowers solitary in leaf axils, bisexual, with 2 bractlets.

花单生于叶腋，两性，具2小苞片。

Experiments were carried out under greenhouse condi- tions to measure the growth rate of mycelia and uredia in leaf tissues.

结果表明，接种后48小时到192小时，菌丝体在叶片组织内扩展长度与时间里幂函数回归关系，慢锈品种是Y=0.0879X~(1.3459)；快锈品种是Y=0.1205X~(1.3859)。

The results indicated that the method is accurate and stable, which can be used to detect oxytetracycline residues in leaf-vegetables.

该方法具有回收率高和重现性好等优点，可用于叶菜中土霉素残留的检测。

But the heavy metal elements of Cu, Zn in leaf were increased significantly with the increase of application of pig dung. These results suggested that the heavy metal elements of Cu, Zn would contaminate celery under the condition that application of abundant pig dung for long time.

施用有机肥后，芹菜未产生重金属污染，其叶片和茎重金属含量均低于国家卫生标准，但其Zn、Cu含量随猪粪施用量的增加而增加，由此推断长期大量施用猪粪可能会造成芹菜Cu、Zn元素的污染。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。