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UV-B radiation induced significant changes in the chemical composition of root, stem, and leaf. Under UV-B radiation, the soluble protein, lignin, and fat contents in leaf, lignin content in root, and cellulose and lignin contents in stem were increased, while the starch content in leaf and the soluble sugar, starch, and fat contents in stem were decreased significantly (P.05), compared with the control.

UV-B辐射处理下根、茎、叶部所检测的大多数化学成分与对照相比均有显著变化：叶片中可溶性蛋白、木质素和脂肪，根中木质素，茎中纤维素、木质素含量在辐射处理下显著高于对照；叶片中淀粉，茎中可溶性糖、淀粉和脂肪含量在辐射处理下显著低于对照(P.05)。

The contents of N, P, K in leaves were examined by regular leaf analysis. The results showed that the N content was higher in leaf blade than in leafstalk. N content in leaf was gradually reduced along with the vine growth. N, F, K fertilized at 20 to 40 cm soil layers significantly increased N content in leaf. But N content in leafstalk was less affected by N fertilization depth and growing season. P content was higher in leafstalk than in leaf blade. Less change of P content was noticed in leaf along with vine growth. However, N, P, K fertilized at 40 to 60 cm soil layers significantly promoted P in both leaf blade and leafstalk. K content in leafstalk was much higher than in leaf Wade. No obvious influence was noticed by fertilizing depth. But K content in leafstalk was significantly increased due to applied K fertilizer in late growing season.

结果表明，酿酒葡萄叶片中氮含量远高于叶柄，叶片中氮素含量随着生育期的延长逐渐降低，而叶柄中氮含量随施肥深度增加和生育期延长而产生的变化很小，40cm的施肥深度能显著增加叶片中氮素含量；叶柄磷素平均含量高于叶片，全生育期叶片磷含量变化很小，而施肥60cm深度显著促进了叶片和叶柄中磷含量的提高；叶柄中钾含量远高于叶片，施肥深度对叶柄和叶片中钾含量未产生明显影响，但生育后期追施钾肥显著提高叶片钾含量；施肥深度达到40cm时酿酒葡萄的产量最高，而60cm的施肥深度产量显著下降。

The results showed that:Under NaCl stress,the reductions in the shoot and root dry weight, leaf area,stem diameter of grafted plant were lower than those of ungrafted plants.The Na~+ content,Na~+/K~+ ratio,Na~+/Ca~(2+) ratio in the leaf and scion stem of grafted plants were lower whereas those of in the rootstock stem ad root were higher than in ungrafted plants. The K~+ contents,soluble sugar contents,shoot water contents,SOD,POD,CAT,APX activity,the stability of AsA/DHA,Photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were higher,whereas the MDA contents in the leaf of grafted plants were lower than that in ungrafted plants.The reductions in leaf area and stem diameter of grafted \'Jinchun No.2\' plants were more severe than those of grafted \'Zaoduojia\' ones.

结果表明，盐胁迫下，嫁接苗地上部和根干重、叶面积、茎粗降低的程度显著低于自根苗；嫁接苗叶片和接穗茎中Na~+含量和Na~+/K~+、Na~+/Ca~(2+)比值显著低于自根苗，而砧木茎和根中的Na~+含量和Na~+/K~+、Na~+/Ca~(2+)比值显著高于自根苗；嫁接苗叶片中K~+含量、可溶性糖含量、地上部含水量、SOD、POD、CAT、APX活性、AsA/DHA的稳定性、光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度显著高于自根苗，MDA含量显著低于自根苗。

Sequences of modified genes GOX and CP4-EPSPS in GM canola and that of modified gene Cryla in GM cotton were decoded and the conservative sequences of exogenous resistant genes: PLRVrep, PVYcp and CryⅢA in GM potato: New leaf〓 PLUS and New leaf〓 Y were confirmed using the modified exogenous gene decoding technique and isogenous sequence similarity BLAST analysis. Bases on DNA sequences studied above, conventional PCR primers were designed and selected in an optimized way and the conventional PCR detection protocol for exogenous resistant genes in 19 GM crops was established.

本研究采用反向PCR克隆—测序测定未知序列技术，针对转基因玉米（MON810、BT11、BT176、GA21、T25、CBH-351）六个品系、转基因大豆GTS 40-3-2品系、转基因油菜RT73和MS8两个品系、转基因棉花MON531和MON1445两个品系测定出品系鉴定的边界序列；采用外源修饰基因序列的破译方法和BLAST同源性序列分析技术，针对转基因作物中修饰的外源抗性基因进行破译研究，破译出转基因油菜中修饰的GOX基因、修饰的CP4-EPSPS基因和转基因棉花中修饰的Cry1A基因的序列，并确定了转基因马铃署New leaf〓PLUS和New leaf〓Y两个品系中PLRVrep、PVYcp和CryⅢA外源抗性基因保守序列。

Thirty lavender varieties in five sections were investigated in leaf characters and fragrance. Sections Lavandula and Pterostoechas possessed the highest (7.23) and the lowest (2.01) value of the length/width, respectively. Because sections Lavandula (3.59cm) and Stoechas (3.00cm) possessed the approximate value of the leaf length and leaf width, lavender varieties couldn't be identified only by the leaf character.

在五个不同sections的叶片长宽比调查中，Lavandula与 Pterostoechas 这两个sections分别具有最高（7.23）及最低的数值(2.01)；而Lavandula (3.59)与Stoechas (3.00)两个sections的叶长平均值相近；且在叶宽的调查中，Lavandula (0.49)与Stoechas (0.47)两sections的平均值仍然非常相近，表示仅由叶片外观性状无法精确的判别薰衣草品种。

Based upon the ecoanatomical method, leaf anatomical characters of eleven populations of six evergreen species (Cyclobalanopsis glauca, C. myrsinaefolia, C. gracilis, Castanopsis sclerophylla, C. eyrei and Lithocarpus glaber) from the eastern subtropical area of China were analyzed and compared with SPSS, DCA and TWINSPAN. The results are: 1. Although the leaf structures of the eleven populations still belong to the mesophyll type, they all express the trend of xerophilization. 2. There are some differences in leaf anatomical characters among populations, species and genera, which occur as the results of their adaptation to different habitats. 3. Different leaf anatomical characters have different variations among populations, species and genera, of which leaf thickness and palisade tissue thickness (considered as ecological adaptation characters) have greater variation than sponge tissue thickness, lower cuticle thickness and lower epidermis thickness (as systematical evolution characters). 4. The leaves of C. sclerophylla and C. glauca with thicker lamina, palisade tissue and cuticle (a multilayered upper epidermis in C. sclerophylla) are thought to better adapt to their dry habitat. The leaves of C. eyrei with thicker sponge tissue, although characterized by a multlayered upper epidermis, adapt to their humid and warm habitat. The leaves of C. myrsinaefolia and C. gracilis characterized by a thinner lamina, a less palisade tissue and a moderate cuticle thickness adapt to the humid and cool habitat in a middle mountain.

选取亚热带东部替代分布明显的壳斗科6种常绿树种（青冈、小叶青冈、细叶青冈、苦槠、甜槠和石栎）的11个种群叶片进行生态解剖，并用SPSS， DCA和TWINSPAN比较分析，结果表明：①尽管6种11个种群叶的结构仍属中生叶型，但有着不同程度的趋旱适应；②叶的解剖性状在属间、种间和种群间均存在着不同程度的差异，这是它们适应各自生境的结果，青冈和石栎的种内差异较大，反映出它们对环境变化有较强响应能力；③叶片的不同解剖性状在属、种类和种群间的变化并不同步，其中叶片和栅栏组织厚度等性状差异突出，反映它们更易受环境的饰变，是生态适应性状，而海绵组织、下角质膜，特别是下表皮厚度等性状差异较小，显示出这些性状的稳定性，可以认为是系统演化性状；④苦槠、青冈具有较厚的叶片、栅栏组织、角质膜和发达输导和机械组织，苦槠还具有复表皮，表现出对旱化生境的适应；甜槠尽管具有复表皮和较厚的叶片，但这是海绵组织增厚的结果，是对中生生境的适应；小叶青冈和细叶青冈具有较薄的叶片和栅栏组织、角质膜厚度居中等特点，可能是对中山凉湿生境的适应。

Changes of leaf pigment content,soluble sugar content,enzyme activity and photosynthesis characters in leaf of Photinia×frasery"Red Robin"were searched of five different shading treatments(100%,80%,50%,25%,10%transmission rate).The seasonal variation of leaf color and stability of anthocyanin were studied in this paper.Purpose of the research is to master the Physiological characters during leaf color transformation of Photinia×frasery"Red Robin",and provide evidences to promote introduction cultivation and the application under different garden environment of them.

本文以2年生红叶石楠(Photinia×frasery'RedRobin)扦插苗为试材，探讨了不同遮光处理透光率分别为100%(全光照、80%、50%、25%、10%条件下叶片色素含量、可溶性糖含量、苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性、抗氧化酶活性变化及光合作用日变化，同时对其叶色的季节变化及花色素苷的稳定性进行了初步探讨，以掌握红叶石楠叶色变化的生理特征，为红叶石楠的广泛引种栽培及在不同园林环境中的应用提供科学依据。

The above facts indicated that silicon accumulation in the rice leaf sheath inside, the leaf surface and the sclerenchymatous cell, played the physical barrier role, delayed the hypha of sheath blight expansion.5、Analysing the physiological and biochemical mechanism of the resistance to rice sheath blight improved by silicon application in several respects.(1) After being inoculated with R.solani, O2 and POD activities disordered, CAT activities obviously declined. O2 producingvelocity in 91SP\'s leaves and leaf sheaths of Si+ rice plants were lower than those of Siriceplants, MDA content in leaves and leaf sheaths of Si+ rice plants were lower thanthose of Si- rice plants significantly in three days after inoculating, SOD、POD、CATactivities in leaf sheaths of Si+ rice plants were higher than those of Si- rice plantssignificantly in one day after inoculating, SOD、POD、CAT activities in leaves ofSi-treatment were higher than those of Si- rice plants significantly in three days afterinoculating. O2 producing velocity and MDA content in Lemont\'s leaves and leafsheaths of Si+ rice plants were lower than those of Si- rice plants significantly afterinoculating, and SOD、POD、CAT activities of Si+ rice plants were higher than those ofSi- rice plants significantly.

说明硅在水稻叶鞘内侧、叶表和厚壁细胞积累，起到了物理屏障的作用，延缓了纹枯病菌的扩展。5、阐明了施硅增强水稻抗纹枯病的生理生化机制(1)接种纹枯病菌后，两个水稻品种91SP和Lemont的叶鞘和叶片超氧阴离子自由基O2性紊乱，CAT活性明显下降；抗病品种91SP叶鞘和叶片施硅处理的O2产生速率小于缺硅处理，叶鞘和叶片MDA含量在接种第3 d后显著低于缺硅处理，叶鞘SOD、POD、CAT活性在接种1 d后一直显著高于缺硅处理，叶片SOD、POD、CAT活性在接种3 d后显著高于缺硅处理；感病品种Lemont叶鞘和叶片施硅处理的O2产生速率、MDA含量始终显著小于缺硅处理，SOD、POD、CAT活性始终显著大于缺硅处理。

The leaf area, single leaf fresh weight, flavone content and lactone content in good variety were 2.04, 2.71, 2.05 and 2.17 times of those in common variety respectively. There were no obvious difference between the female and staminiferous plants in leaf output character, flavone content and lactone content, which proved that there were hereditary change among the gingko variety in leaf output character, flavone content and lactune content.

较好品种的叶面积、叶重、叶黄酮、内酯含量分别是较弱品种的2.04、2.71、2.05和2.17倍；雌雄株间叶产量性状、黄酮含量、内酯含量无差异，证明银杏品种或类型间叶产量性状、黄酮、内酯含量均存在遗传变异，这种变异与雌雄株无关。

When the plant N level was below 2%, the leaf starch accumulation kept stable, but the sugar content in leaf and starch content in lower layer leaf increased. When the plant N level was between 2. 0% and 2. 8%, the activity of SPS and leaf soluble sugar content were the greatest, which was favorable to the transportation of the accumulated matter from the leaf to the grain.

随植株氮水平提高，叶绿素总含量提高，但叶绿素b的提高速度快于叶绿素a；当植株叶片含氮率在2％以下时，随植株氮水平提高，水稻叶片淀粉积累不仅没有减少，相反叶片中的糖含量和下层叶的淀粉含量还有显著提高；当植株叶片含氮率在2.0％到2.8％的适宜水平时，叶片SPS酶活力和可溶性糖含量最高，有利于叶片中积累物质向籽粒转运。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了