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The best explant in the culture was brown leaf,and the explant sterilized in 0.1% aqueous mercuric chloride for 5min has the best effect;At the initial stage in induction,3% glucosan have the best effect following with 1% glucosan+2%sucrose are optimum in the process of culturing;the optimum culture medium is 1/2MS; the preferable medium of callus is 1/2MS+ KT(0.1mg/L)+6-BA(0.05mg/L)+2.4-D(0.4mg/l);differentiation1/2MS+6-BA(0.3mg/l)+NAA0.2+KT(0.05mg/l);and the preferable medium of rooting is :1/2MS+NAA(0.05mg/L).

安祖花组织培养的最佳外植体为棕色叶片；最佳消毒时间为0.1%的升汞消毒5min；最佳碳源：诱导初期3%的葡萄糖的诱导效果最佳，后期培养以2%蔗糖+1%葡萄糖的培养效果较好；最佳基本培养基为1/2MS。

Results In Vero cell system,in direct virucidal and infection block experiments,fullerene C60 liposomes have induction effect on the expression of HSV-1F strain glycoprotein gC,whether it is under illumination or in lucifugal conditions,but in multiplication inhibition experiments,fullerene C60 liposomes have no effect to the expression of HSV-1F strain gC.

结果 在Vero细胞系统中，C60脂质体在直接杀灭和感染阻断的实验中，不论在光照还是在避光条件下，对HSV-1F株gC的表达均有诱导作用；但是在增殖抑制实验中，对HSV-1F株gC的表达没有影响。

Results:(1) FSN can inhibit secondary joints swelling and multi-arthritis evidently, improve the whole condition of rats; at the same time, it can also lighten the synovial inflammation and hyperplasia of lesion joints distinctly, and prevent the joint cartilage and bone from destruction; the collective efficiency of FSN is better than TWP.(2) FSN can raise AA rats low LTT of spleen to normal nearly, remedy the disorder of Th / Ts and Thl / Th2 cells balance in peripheral blood, restrain exorbitant TNF- a ? IL-1 produced by PM O , thereof exert anti-inflammatory and immunoregulation effect.(3) Inside the lesion joints, FSN can depress abnormal hyper-expression of TNF- a mRNA and NF-kB in synovial tissues, as well as advance the expression of Caspase-3 (a proteolytic enzyme of apoptosis), reduce synovial immflamination and proliferation.(4) FSN can lower the expression of VEGF in synovial tissue,reduce neogenetic veins, so inhibit the growth of pannus tissue and the damage of cartilage and bone by that.(5) The above effect of FSN are in proportion to its dosage.Conclusions: FSN has inhibitory effects on symptom and condition of experimental RA, which is better than TWP as a whole.

结果：(1)FSN有明显的抗炎作用，可显著抑制AA大鼠足跖肿胀与多关节炎，改善大鼠的全身情况，同时明显减轻病变关节滑膜炎症与增生，防止关节软骨及骨质的破坏，其综合作用优于TWP；(2)FSN还能使AA大鼠低下的脾LTT恢复至接近正常，纠正外周血中T细胞亚群Th／Ts及Th1／Th2平衡紊乱，抑制大鼠PHφ过高的TNF-α、IL-1分泌，而发挥抗炎和免疫调节作用；(3)在病变关节局部，FSN能显著抑制AA大鼠滑膜细胞异常增高的TNF-αmRNA的表达，降低滑膜组织中NF-kB表达，并增加凋亡蛋白酶Caspase-3表达，从而抑制滑膜的炎症与增殖；(4)FSN还可下调滑膜组织中VEGF表达，减少血管新生，由此抑制血管翳的形成及其对软骨和软骨下骨的侵蚀；(5)FSN的上述作用皆呈现一定的量效依赖关系，高剂量组作用优于低剂量组。

FSN can raise AA rats low LTT of spleen to normal nearly, remedy the disorder of Th/Ts and Th1/Th2 cells balance in peripheral blood, restrain exorbitant TNF-α、IL-1 produced by PMφ, thereof exert anti-inflammatory and immunoregulation effect.(3) Inside the lesion joints, FSN can depress abnormal hyper-expression of TNF-αmRNA and NF-kB in synovial tissues, as well as advance the expression of Caspase-3 (a proteolytic enzyme of apoptosis), reduce synovial immflammation and proliferation.(4) FSN can lower the expression of VEGF in synovial tissue, reduce neogenetic veins, so inhibit the growth of pannus tissue and the damage of cartilage and bone by that.(5) The above effect of FSN are in proportion to its dosage. Conclusions: FSN has inhibitory effects on symptom and condition of experimental RA, which is better than TWP as a whole.

结果：(1)FSN有明显的抗炎作用，可显著抑制AA大鼠足跖肿胀与多关节炎，改善大鼠的全身情况，同时明显减轻病变关节滑膜炎症与增生，防止关节软骨及骨质的破坏，其综合作用优于TWP；(2)FSN还能使AA大鼠低下的脾LTT恢复至接近正常，纠正外周血中T细胞亚群Th/Ts及Th1/Th2平衡紊乱，抑制大鼠PMφ过高的TNF-α、IL-1分泌，而发挥抗炎和免疫调节作用；(3)在病变关节局部，FSN能显著抑制AA大鼠滑膜细胞异常增高的TNF-αmRNA的表达，降低滑膜组织中NF-kB表达，并增加凋亡蛋白酶Caspase-3表达，从而抑制滑膜的炎症与增殖；(4)FSN还可下调滑膜组织中VEGF表达，减少血管新生，由此抑制血管翳的形成及其对软骨和软骨下骨的侵蚀；(5)FSN的上述作用皆呈现一定的量效依赖关系，高剂量组作用优于低剂量组。

In this paper, the concept of FGM is firstly applied in cement-based materials to study the effect of dispersion phase gradient distribution in cement-based materials on physicomechanical property and functions after the effect of dispersion phase and its mechanism in cement-bas

在没有专门的水泥基梯度材料成型设备的情况下，采用组分梯度变化，通过分层布料和机械振动成型的方法，通过合理的控制，基本上保证了组分的相对梯度变化，分层越多，梯度分布连续性越好。研究工作主要有三个方面

Effect of protein and lipid in rice on starch physicochemical characteristics, difference between the region of non-chalkiness and chalkiness of rice, dynamic variation of cell structure and CaM distribution on rice spike were expounded in this study. It was found that protein and lipid in rice had important effect on starch gelatinization, there were distinct differences between the region of non-chalkiness and chalkiness of rice, vascular bundle system in rice spike was changed during grain filling, difference quality of different position of rice spike was more distinct in dense spike rice for more powerful vascular bundle system, the development of rice seeds was corresponded to pericarp development, difference quality of different position of rice spike was also related to transport function of rachilla besides activity of "source", and calmodulin relative activity was closely related to grain filling velocity and enginery properties.

通过实验发现：稻米中蛋白质、脂肪对淀粉的糊化过程有着较大的影响；精米的非垩白与垩白部位以及心白与腹白部位之间在蛋白质、氨基酸含量及组成方面存在着明显差异：水稻穗部大维管束面积以及主穗轴维管束数目在灌浆过程中存在明显的动态变化趋势；密穗型水稻强势粒的维管组织比散穗型水稻发达，致使其强、弱势粒维管组织差异明显加大；果皮的发育与籽粒发育状况是相适应的：强势粒和弱势粒在灌浆生理方面的差异，不仅表现在籽粒本身的&库活性&上，而且也与其着生小穗轴的输导功能有关；CaM相对活性与水稻灌浆速率、机能特征间存在着密切联系。

Thereinto, drip irrigation is divided into three treatments of different ration. Tectorial and untectorial treatment are adopted to semifixation spray irrigation. At the same time, seepage-preventing trial is done. By study of one growth season, it shows that the indexes, Comparing with flood irrigation, water-saving technique has the effect of increasing production and harvest, economizing water, energy sources and field, saving work, time and power. It has best significance difference among unit yield of using different irrigation ways. The highest yield is in irrigation treatment of 80% field moisture capacity, it is secondary in seepage-preventing ditch irrigation treatment and is the lowest in spray irrigation treatment. Drip irrigation increase yield 4.0%~25.9%,Seepage-preventing ditch irrigation increase yield 17.5%, and spray irrigation decrease yield 22.4～37.8% comparing with flood irrigation. The effect to yield is obvious in drip irrigation treatment of different irrigation ration.

不同灌溉方式间单位产量存在显著差异，80％田间持水量灌溉处理产量最高，防渗渠畦灌次之，喷灌的产量最低；与土渠漫灌单位产量相比，滴灌增产4.0％～25.9％；防渗渠畦灌增产17.5％；喷灌产量下降22.4％～37.8％；滴灌试验中不同灌溉处理对产量的影响显著，随着灌溉定额的减少，产量随之下降，主要原因是60％田间持水量的灌溉处理限制了棉株的生长发育，降低了产量；不同灌溉方式的灌溉定额与绿洲内土渠漫灌平均灌溉定额相比，滴灌节水47.7％～54.4％，防渗渠畦灌节水38.56％，喷灌节水58.2％；滴灌、喷灌及防渗渠畦灌与土渠漫灌相比分别省工16.2％、25.1％和3.6％；滴灌和喷灌较防渗渠畦和土渠漫灌节地约5％～7％；从净收益来看，防渗渠畦灌较土渠漫灌经济效益提高了34.2％，滴灌提高了9.8％～48.2％，喷灌则下降了23.8％和44.7％；而且采用不同灌溉方式种植棉花，对于成铃率、衣指、衣分、纤维长度、产量等指标，滴灌要优于喷灌和防渗渠畦灌；而成铃数、种子数、铃重、籽指等指标，滴灌、喷灌均小于防渗渠畦灌。

The research which is the important part of the tunable erbium-doped fiber laser is composed of two main parts: 1. the gain part of the tunable erbium-doped fiber laser, which in fact is an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, its output characteristics are discussed both in theory and experiment, and the differences are also discussed between theory and experiment; 2. the saturated absorber part of the tunable erbium-doped fiber laser, also the part to narrow the line width of the fiber laser. The line-width narrowing mechanism in fiber laser induced by unpumped Er-doped fiber is presented from the aspect of coupling wave equation, and the main factor is considered as the standing wave induced by interference. The line-width is narrower when the standing wave is stronger, and the narrowing effect disappears with the disappearance of the standing wave. In the experiment, when adding a Faraday mirror in the laser cavity to remove the standing wave , the narrowing effect disappears. So the theory is proved by the result of the experiment.

本课题的研究内容是集成光学声光可调谐掺铒光纤激光器的重要组成部分，主要分两部分：1、声光可调谐掺铒光纤激光器中增益部分的研究，相当于对掺铒光纤放大器的研究，理论上对掺铒光纤放大器的输出特性进行分析，实验上实现了掺铒光纤放大器系统，并将实验数据与理论计算数据进行对比，分析了误差产生原因；2、声光可调谐掺铒光纤激光器中饱和吸收体部分的研究，即压窄光纤激光器输出线宽的研究，从耦合波方程出发，理论上解释了未泵浦掺铒光纤压窄光纤激光器线宽的原理，分析了影响该作用的主要因素是未泵浦掺铒光纤中相对传输的光干涉形成的驻波：驻波越强，压窄效果越好，相反当没有驻波时，没有压窄效果，在实验上通过在激光器腔内加入法拉第旋转镜使驻波消失，同时压窄效果消失，从而验证了理论分析的正确性。

However , the meaning of the law in international private international law , international society and the effect of international private international law , observation of international private international law under the anarchical society and limitations of international private international law in protecting international artier have not been analyzed comprehensively and deeply in private international law circles and international politics circles , so the article try to discuss and analyze the issues mentioned above deeply , in order lit grasp the issues of the effect of international private international law on contemporary international relations correctly

然而，在国际私法学界和国际政治学界对国际性国际私法中&法&的含义，在国际社会与国际性国际私法的效用、无政府状态下国际性国际私法的遵守和国际私法对维护国际秩序的局限性等问题上的分析尚不够全面、深入，本文拟对上述问题进行深入探讨和分析，以便能够正确地把握国际性国际私法在当代国际关系中的效用问题。

In the second part, the current-voltage characteristics of the sensors were measured, their charge ionic mobilities were measured with polar inversion method and their ionic numbers were computed. It has found that ionization effect of some binding ions against a critical humidity took place in switchable humidity-sensitive materials, the effect is that some binding ions in materials turn into free ions when a given ambient humidity is reached called a critical humidity, avalanching conduct electricity occurs in materials.

在第二部分中，测试了高分子电阻型湿敏元件和开关型湿敏元件的伏—安特性，并用极性反转法测试了其导电离子的迁移率以及计算了相关的导电离子数目，发现了开关型湿敏元件的束缚离子的最小湿度电离效应：当环境湿度达到或者大于一特定湿度时，这一特定湿度称之为最小湿度，材料中某些束缚离子才电离成自由的导电离子，形成雪崩式导电。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

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如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。