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The emphasis of this thesis is to trace down evidences of American consumerism from the angle of the components which forms the main dimension of consumerism: status-pursuit by possession and consumption of commodities as automobiles, residence and fineries, which are in effect treated as the symbols of social position, for they are endowed with additional value besides the use value, that is the sign value which even surpasses the material property; and another task of the thesis is to analyze the impacts of consumerism reflected by Dreiser through his arrangement of the fate of his heroes who live in consumer culture circumstance, who inevitably are under the irresistible influence of it and who accept consumption as their only choice of self-identification; at last the attitude of the great author towards consumerism and his exploration of the significance of life will be concerned.

本文重点是探讨作品中构成消费主义的各种表现形式：通过消费华服、汽车，占有豪宅等表现社会地位的奢侈品达到身份的认同而寻求心理上的满足，因为这些物品的物质属性早已让步于其的文化属性，被赋予的符号价值取代了使用价值成为人们追求的主要因素。本文的另一个探索方向是通过把握德莱塞对作品中主要人物命运的安排，分析消费主义对存在于消费语境下的人们所产生的不可抗拒的影响以及得莱塞反映在本部作品中对消费主义的态度和对人生意义的思考。

This, in effect, was the definition of the 'literary' advanced by the Russian formalists, who included in their ranks Viktor Shklovsky, Romanakobson, Osip Brik, Yury Tynyanov, Boris Eichenbaum and Boris Tomashevsky.

这实际上就是俄国形式主义者们所给出的文学的定义。俄国形式主义者们包括

Farmers can call helplines on their mobile phones and receive advice about the best products to use in those conditions, which in effect creates a market.

农民可以用手机拨打公司的服务电话，获得在某种条件下种植何种作物为宜的信息，借此开辟市场。

Please not that a 250 mm wide die opening will produce a film or sheet with less width since you have a "neck in" effect when you pull out the melted resin from the die before it reaches the surface of the chill roll. the width you can achieve depends on the melt strength of the resin as well as the distance between the die lip opening and the chill roll. but in general, about 80% of the die opening width can be achieved.

注意：250毫米宽开口的模头只能获得小于此宽度的薄膜或片材，因为当熔体树脂被从模头拉至冷辊上时会产生&颈缩&效应，最终获得的实际宽度依赖于树脂的熔体强度以及模唇开口同冷辊之间的距离，但总而言之，可获得模头开口宽度80%的产品宽度。

If a man is involved in a good, stable relationship with a plain-looking woman, and he meets a more beautiful woman, his genes may, in effect, be pushing him towards the beautiful woman.

如果一个男人和一个相貌平常的女人处于一种良好的稳定的关系，当碰见了一个更漂亮的女子时，他的基因实际上会将他推向更漂亮的女子。

The Lump Sum is based and assessed on all war risk insurance costs applicable to the Tugowner in respect of the contemplated voyage in effect on the date of this Agreement.

承包价以本合同签订时对实际计划航次投保的适用于拖轮船东的所有战争险保险费为基础计算。

They are, in effect, a magnifying mirror of their elders----like a shaving mirror in which our eyes seem to bulge, our pores to be extinct volcanoes, and our eyebrows thickets of thistles

事实上，他们是他们长辈的一面放大镜----一面剃须镜，我们在镜子里面看到自己的眼睛突了出来，毛孔像一个个熄灭的火山口，眉毛像一丛丛乱草。

They are, in effect, a magnifying mirror of their elders----like a shaving mirror in which our eyes seem to bulge, our pores to be extinct volcanoes, and our eyebrows thickets of thistle s

事实上，他们是他们长辈的一面放大镜----一面剃须镜，我们在镜子里面看到自己的眼睛突了出来，毛孔像一个个熄灭的火山口，眉毛像一丛丛乱草。

In fact, the IWC's own scientists have, in effect, endorsed a return to whaling.

事实上，国际捕鲸委员会自己的科学家实质上已经认可了恢复捕鲸。

People with positive inherited personality traits may, in effect, also have a reserve of happiness to draw on in stressful times, he said.

他说，具有积极遗传性格特征的人实际上同时拥有一种&快乐储备&，供他们在郁闷的时候&支取&。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！