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As the foundation of ultrasonic testing of composite materials, this thesis is intended to explore in detail a number of features of wave propagation in anisotropic plates, and the following essential problems will be considered:(1) Propagation of plane bulk waves in homogeneous and orthotropic anisotropic media;(2) Lamb wave propagation in multilayered anisotropic plates;(3) Influence of isotropic solid or liquid loading on Lamb wave propagation in anisotropic solid media;(4) Influence of interface layers on Lamb wave propagation in layered anisotropic composite laminates;(5) Dispersion characteristic analysis of attenuation Lamb wave while existing an thin viscous layer which is used for simulating the poor curing in adhesively bonded joints.

作为复合材料超声检测的基础，本文研究了如下国际前沿性的课题：（1）平面体波在正交均匀各向异性媒质中的传播；（2）多层各向异性媒质中Lamb波的传播；（3）各向同性固体或液体负载对各向异性固体媒质中Lamb波传播的影响；（4）界面层对层状各向异性复合媒质中Lamb波传播的影响；（5）胶粘剂未固化而呈现粘弹性时粘接结构中衰减Lamb波的频散特性分析。

It points out the topic, meaning and creative; introducing the consist and principle of the intelligent vehicle navigate system in chapter 2; analyzing the method of GPS-oriented and the error origin in chapter 3; analyzing briefly the principle and merged method of interspaced diversity and resist multi-decline in chapter 4; introducing the hardware and software realization of ambulant station of intelligent vehicle navigate /dispatcher system based on multi-GPS antenna in detail in chapter 5; giving the debugging and simple trial result of ambulant station in chapter 6; The lasted propose solving tactics to problem that exist in studying, draws a conclusion of this thesis and plans the future researching works.

指出本课题的研究的主题、意义及创新点；第二章概括性介绍了智能车辆定位导航系统的组成与原理；第三章分析了GPS定位的方法和误差来源；第四章重点分析了空间分集抗多经衰落的原理和信号合并方法；第五章详细介绍了多GPS天线智能车辆导航/调度系统车载台的软硬件实现；第六章给出了车载台的调试和简单试验结果。最后对研究中存在的问题提出了解决策略及下一步的研究方向。

People are required to know and analyze the operating axes of rotary kiln in time in practice, in order to adjust and maintenance it in reason. So The Great Wall Aluminum Corporation of China bankrolled for studying the microcomputer real-time monitoring system of large-scale rotary kiln and commissioned Central South University to develop it.Based on analyzing and comparing the status quo of the monitoring system of rotary kiln, this paper brings forward a new method of monitoring the operating status of rotary kiln. It analyses the system-error and the configuration and demonstrate the feasibility in detail. In the design of hardware configuration it analyzes the principle and speciality of the tailor-made eddy current transducer and PCI-1713 analog input card and the multilevel supervisory network.

本论文首先在分析和比较同内外回转窑检测系统现状的基础上，首次提出了新的回转窑运行状态检测方法，并从系统误差及可行性角度进行了详细的分析和论证；其次，在监测系统硬件结构设计中，详细地分析了多级管理网络的实现，PCI-1713双缓冲区高速数据采集装置的原理、特点、工作过程，以及针对该系统恶劣的工作环境、特定性能要求而设计的特制电涡流传感器的原理、波形特性及性能特点，及为了减小非线性误差而采用计算机软件进行多段线性插补方法实现误差补偿；另外，在系统软件设计中，详细地分析了高速数据采样软件、智能信号处理软件、系统监测软件的实现，分析了采用模糊自适应滤波方法有效地滤除本系统恶劣环境下的各种干扰因素，并简要地介绍了系统分析软件的功能。

In the light of cost index and pollution degree, the characteristics of kinds of pulp are analyzed in detail, and the GP pulp which is low cost, high-yield, no-pollution is chosen as the material of tableware. Based on material element analyzed, shaping technology is designed, the to and for single plane shaping equipment which is high shaping quality, high production efficiency and is easy to automatize is chosen. All kinds of measure are taken to solve the problems which are inequality in the shaping process of GP pulp, and dosage which matches with GP pulp is chosen. Some ways of fixing shape and heat up are analyzed, the technology of saving energy of heat pressing to fix shape being composed of oil heat and only one fixed shape in the mold is applied, with which it is high production efficiency, low cost to fix shape effectively, which saves energy 30 percent. In order to make the production line meet with material of GP pulp, measure are taken to solve the problem of pulp adhered to netlike molding which can lead to carry material difficult, the structure of fully automatic equipment is renovated, the loaded beam is optimizationally designed to make equipment structure compactand improve location precision and products quality. According to technologic flow and actual characteristic, Omron PLC is chosen as the core of the control system, proximity switch as detect unit take the place of touch switch, software is designed reasonably according to time order figure, hardware is simplified, the reliability of system is advanced, the stability of system is assured to make production order. Intelligence neuron PID system is studied theoretically which is made up of both neuron with self-organizing and self-learning function and ordinary PID with the characteristic of the simple structure and high stability, which can automatically tune the parameter with the change of system parameter, remain perfect performance.

按成本指标和污染程度分析各浆料的特点，选择低成本、高得率、无污染的磨石机械浆为原料，在原料组分分析的基础上，设计成型工艺，选择成型质量好、生产率高、易实现自动化的往复式单板成型机，采取各种措施解决GP浆成型不均匀的问题及选择与机械浆相匹配的助剂；分析几种定型方式和加热方式，采用定型效果好、生产率高、成本低的油加热与模内一次性定型相结合的热压定型节能技术，节能30％；为了使生产线适应磨石机械浆原料，采取相应措施解决由于粘网造成物料转移困难，对全自动设备结构进行改进设计，着重对物料传送系统的关键部件——承载梁的进行优化设计，使设备更加紧凑合理，提高设备的定位精度和产品质量；根据生产线工艺流程和现场特点，选用OMRON CPM1A型PLC为主核心，接近开关作为检测元件，替代有触点开关，选用可编程终端代替常规面板按扭，并按照时序图科学合理地设计软件，有效地简化系统硬件构成，提高系统的可靠性，保证系统的稳定性，从而使生产更加通畅有序；从理论上探索将神经元应具有的自组织、自学习要求与PID控制结构简单、稳定性好的全自动纸浆模塑餐具生产线的研究特点结合起来，构成神经元自适应PID控制器，当参数的变化时，系统能自行参数整定，保持优良的工作性能指标，满足实际需求。

From the reform and open to the outside world,the civic consciousness in our country has developed fully,but it still can not adapt the current development of the market economy.Especially in the rural area, the civic consciousness of our country's peasants restricts the fast development of rural market economy to a large extent.Consequently,it is a great significance to cultivate the peasants' civic consciousness.This paper discusses some opinions in this field,In detail:The first part starts with the concept of the civilians and the civic consciousness,and mainly discusses what are the civilians and its historical development.Then the paper analyzes the meanings of the civic consciousness and its formation conditions,and based on which analyses the characteristics of the contemporary peasants in our country and its influence on the formation of our country's civic consciousness.At present,the lifestyle of our country's peasants is mainly agricultural.They are the subordinate to the dominant in the field of the political right,possess the low quality in the whole in the cultural aspect and relatively lag behind in the aspect of ideology.All hinder the development of the peasants' civic consciousness,affect the enlargement of the peasants' political participation,and go against the cultivation of the peasants' collective consciousness.

改革开放以来我国公民的公民意识得到了长足的发展，但仍然不能适应当前市场经济的发展，尤其是在农村，我国农民的公民意识在很大程度上制约了农村市场经济的快速发展，因此，培育农民的公民意识具有重要意义，本文即是想在这方面谈谈自己的想法，具体来说：本文的第一部分首先从公民和公民意识的概念入手，主要论述了公民意识的形成及其在我国的历史发展，接着进一步的分析了公民意识的含义及其构成，在此基础上分析了当代我国农民的特点以及其对我国农民公民意识的生成所产生的影响，当前，我国农民在生存方式上，仍以农业为主，在政治权利方面，仍是权势力量的从属者，在文化素质方面，整体素质仍然偏低，思想观念方面还是相对落后的，这些特征在很大程度上阻碍了农民的主体意识的发展，影响了农民政治参与的扩大，不利于农民公共精神的培养。

In the investigation of Cu-Zn-Al SMA, the influence of quenching speed, shape memory thermal treatment on SME, microstructure and morphologies was discussed. The changes in morphology and interfaces were in situ metallographic observed during thermal cyclings in order to control the degradation of two way shape memory effect . The stabilization of stress induced martensite variants method and the accordingly changes in microstructure were studied in detail. The mechanism was also compared between SSIM and TWME training method. From the above in situ observation results, the interface structure and especially the twin related A: B type variant pair were examined by HREM to clarify the role of movability of interfaces and the changes in variants orientation in inducing the degradation of the TWME. During developing the Ni-Ti-Hf SMA melt spinning ribbon, it was found the morphology and structure embodied the SME and was directly effected by chemical composition and technique factors, such as the different content of Hf, the speed of copper roller rotation and etc. Therefore, the morphology and structure were extensively examined.

在对Cu-Zn-Al形状记忆合金研究中，研究了提高记忆效应的热处理淬火速度、记忆热处理方式对Cu-Zn-Al形状记忆合金组织结构的影响；为了弄清双程记忆效应衰减的原因，原位动态观察了热循环过程中，合金组织形貌及界面的变化；因形状记忆合金必须经记忆训练才能具有双程记忆效应，系统地研究了应力诱发马氏体稳定化训练方法和这种方法引起的双程记忆合金组织结构的变化，比较了它与双程记忆效应训练方法诱发TWME机制的异同；因在原位动态观察中发现界面可动性及两侧变体取向的变化，伴随着记忆效应的衰减，用HREM详细研究了变体的界面结构，特别是A：B型变体界面结构及变体内部结构。

Thus,in Italy in 1914,Antonio Sant'Elia envei-sioned a metropolis of fantastic industrial skyscrapers and multilevel circula-tion in LA Citta Nuova."I conclude in desfavor of preservation,reconstruction,reproduction of ancient monuments,"he declared.In France in 1918,Tony Garnier drew in great picturesque detail La Cite' Industrielle, a complete regional industrial village.In America in 1934,Frank Lloyd Wright constructed a vast miniature model of his imaginary modern town called Broadacre City.But it wasthe great Swiss-born Parisian architect Le Corbusier who,more than any of the other modern mastrs,devoted his energies to envisioing the conse-quences of modern architectural form upon the shape of the contemporary metropolis.His drawings were beautiful,adstract,and widely influential.

因此，在意大利，在1914年，安东尼奥sant'elia envei - sioned大都会离奇的工业摩天大楼和多层次的环流公告在La citta Nuova新&，我结束在desfavor的保存，重建，再现古代纪念碑&，他declared.in法国在1918年，托尼卡尼尔提请在风景如画的大香格里拉详细列举'工业，一个完整的区域产业village.in美国早在1934年，弗兰克劳埃德赖特修建了一个庞大的微型模型，其假想的现代城镇所谓广city.but它wasthe伟大瑞士生于巴黎建筑师柯布西耶的人，比其他任何一种现代mastrs奉献了精力envisioing该conse - quences现代建筑形式后，形成的当代metropolis.his图漂亮， adstract ，而且影响广泛。

Higher Ca distributed in bulliformcell than in mesophyll cell and bundle sheath cell of dune reed, higher Mg distributedin mesophyll cell and higher K, Na and Cl distributed in sheath cell HigherNa and Mg distributed in mesophyll than in bulliform cell and bundle sheathcell of light salt meadow reed, and higher K, Ca and Cl distributed in itsbundle sheath cell. Higher Na and Mg distributed in bulliform cell than in mesophyllcell and bundle sheath cell of heavy salt meadow reed, higher K, Ca and Cl distributedin its mesophyll cell. This paper discussed the distribution conditions of theabove five ions in leaf cell of the four reed ecotypes and the meaning ofphysiological adaptation to habitat in detail.

沙丘芦苇的泡状细胞内Ca分布较叶肉细胞和鞘细胞高，叶细胞内Mg分布较高，在鞘细胞内K，Na和Cl布较高；轻度盐化草甸芦苇叶肉细胞内分布了较多的Na和Mg，在鞘细胞内K，Ca和C1分布较叶肉细胞和泡状细胞高；而重度盐化草甸芦苇泡状细胞内分布了较多的Na和Mg，叶肉细胞分布了较多的K，Ca和Cl；详细讨论了以上五种离子在不同生态型芦苇叶片内不同细胞类型的分布状况与环境适应的意义。

Then educes the real time algorithm of dynamic level of detail terrain rendering and gives out its realizing process in detail.

进而引出了动态多细节水平地形渲染的实时算法，并给出其实现过程及实验结果。

The detail knowledge of DC, AC and Functional tests are discussed in detail.

详细的讨论DC、AC和功能性测试的知识。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。