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Third, as for the reasons for Unfunny, in addition to "I have read/heard it before"(Option 1),"Compared with what I have read/heard before, this one is nothing special"(Option 2), and "I don't understand it"(Option 3), the reasons in "Others"(Option 4) show 13 characteristics. To be precise, a joke is unfunny when it is too simple or childish, too long or complex, unattractive in itscontent, obscene, offensive, prejudiced or disparaged, it is not stimulating, simply a word play, predictable, old-fashioned, justnot funny, unknown to people who lack the background knowledge of this joke, or when the readers was unable to make connection right away as shown in Joke4.

在探讨笑话为何会「不好笑」的理由中，除了「我听过/读过」(选项 1)、「比起我所听过/读过的，这则笑话一点也不特别」(选项2)、以及「我看不懂」(选项3)外，大部分英语外籍人士和少部分台湾学生在「其他」(选项4)的答案显示出13种原因，包含笑话(1)太简单或幼稚，(2)太长或太复杂，(3)内容不吸引人，(4)内容低俗，(5)有冒犯的意图，(6)有偏见或贬低的意图，(7)没有启发性，(8)只是文字游戏，(9)笑点可预测，(10)老套，(11)就是不觉得好笑，(12)局限於特定背景知识的人才看得懂，或是(13)读者一时无法会意出笑点。

Another taboo word is refinement of injuries involving human excretion of words is the most typical one, in addition, There are some unpresentable as the vulgar language, aging, illness, death, poverty, gained weight, and other British and American people have always been a taboo subject, thus the number of words in a certain extent, naturally become taboo language, illness and death are the people most fear, The greatest taboo, people do not want to get sick or die, always wanted to avoid the psychological distance, the military said,"the glory,""honor," is not out of "injury" and "death" only these words, the Chinese said "illness" is a lot, and said "death" argument even more, such as heaven, Nirvana, in the final loneliness, sacrifice, death, loss footer, Xie, the death of old, gone, he died, abound.

另一类禁忌词语是有伤大雅的，涉及人体排泄的词语是最典型的一种，除此之外，还有一些被视作不登大雅之堂的粗俗语，衰老，疾病、死亡、贫穷、发胖等素来是英美人禁忌的话题，因而有关的一些词语在一定程度上也自然而然变成禁忌语了，生病和死亡是人们最恐惧、最忌讳的，人们都不愿得病或死亡，心理上总是想避而远之，军人说"挂彩了"，"光荣了"，其实是不愿道出"伤"、"死"这些字眼而已，汉语中表示"病痛"的说法很多，而表示"死"的说法就更多了，如升天、圆寂、归寂、牺牲、去世、损躯、谢世、逝世、老了、走了、与世长辞等，举不胜举。

To work consciously with concepts ultimately makes one proactive in one's approach of rhetoric. In another word, when painting becomes a problem, everything about painting will not be taken for granted. Many factors, including material, size, painting strokes, visuality, icon, image, narrative, taste, style, etc, should be examined under a new light in their new identities as rhetorical means.

观念的自觉必然会带来修辞的自觉，换句话说，绘画成为了一个问题，那么关于绘画的一切都不再是理所当然，包括材料、尺寸、笔触、视觉、图像、形象、叙事、趣味、风格等诸多的因素就必然要被重新审视，并进而被视为各种修辞手段。

Collar The best word is also a kind of Chinese-style (that is, as in the fitted shirt collar like that) was dressed in a gray-blue trousers, with a white belt.

领字最好也是那种中式(就是像中衫装那样的领子)下身穿一条灰蓝色的裤子，配一条白色的腰带。

Dekjin, a 28-year-old teacher, turns to the whiteboard and in a blue marker writes in Manchu script a word.

Dekjin，28岁的教师，轮流在白板和一个蓝色的标记，在满文写一个字。

It is a relationship in which a word of a certain class determines the form of others in terms of certain category.

它指在某个范畴方面，由某类词决定其他词的形式的关系。

My thesis focus on Liuyuxi relegated poems, and put them into the special historic development to compare, in order to see his inheritance of the traditional of relegated literature, especially Quyuan's spirit, which persisted in his desire, never regretful with what he had done, simultaneously, to inspect his masterpieces which were beyond the tradition relegated literature when he expressed his worriment ,complaints and rage, according to these details, we can understand a great elite, who was dedicated himself to saving the world and helping the government , was unfortunate to complete his desire, his special living desire, at the same time, we can see a kind of generosity of his, which is proud and independent, despising the trouble and stubbornness, confronting the bitterness, surpassing the difficulties ,in another word to describe it, a kind of charm of human being's courage and lofty.

本论文着重从刘禹锡贬谪诗文的角度把他放在历史发展的长河中来观照，既看到了他对贬谪文学传统的继承，尤其是屈原那种坚持理想、矢志无悔的气节，更看到了他在抒发忧怨、激愤的同时，对贬谪文学传统的超越，从中我们可以洞见一位志在辅时济世、却又命途多舛、历尽坎坷的时代精英的独特的生活理想，可以领悟到一种傲视忧患、独立不移的气概和迎接苦难、超越苦难的情怀，一种坚毅高洁的人格内蕴。

Tang Jun leaves his post very long passed, resemble a kind of game in western politics: When curule before position changes, its aides and staff can give off a word to come certainly, release a bit aerosol intentionally to play, explore popular wishes, let everybody accept reality calmingly in guess, avoid to had produced big impact to the enterprise.

唐骏离职很久就传了出来，像西方政治中的一种游戏：当一位高官有职位变动之前，其幕僚一定会放出话来，故意释放一点烟雾弹，试探&民意&，让大家在猜测中平静地接受现实，避免对企业产生过大的冲击。

First,"Dreams of the Red Chamber" is a complete overthrow of the Chinese traditional twenty-four histories, and has opened up for us, in a gigantically breading way, the third pedigree of human history with the male and female love as the core and different from the pedigree with the dual division between the good and the bad. Next, along with the affirmation of the third pedigree of human beings,"Dreams of the Red Chamber" enable the female sex acting as the "second sex" for long to come again onto the stage in the human history, thus unprecedentedly disclosing the incomparably grave historic tragedy of the female sex in reality. Finally, more importantly,"Dreams of the Red Chamber" not only consider the ruling of the current discourse as the deepest cause of the female tragedy but also make a restoration with the meaning of the life generation science for the human discourse so as to make the initial word "discourse of love" more original than the discourse of the knowledge nature and bring the following of "God of lover", the new salvation way, into the agenda.

首先，《红楼梦》是对中国传统二十四史的彻底颠覆，并大破大立地为我们开辟出有别于善恶二分谱系的一种以男女情爱为核心的人类历史第三谱系；其次，随着对这一人类第三谱系肯定，《红楼梦》使长期作为&第二性&的女性在人类历史中重新登场，并前所未有地揭露了现实中女性无比深重的历史悲剧；最终，更重要的是，《红楼梦》不仅把现行话语的统治视为女性悲剧的最为深刻原因，而且同时对人类话语进行了一种生命发生学意义的还原，而使一种有别于知识性话语的更为始源的&情的话语&这一泰初之言得以彰显，把对&情的上帝&的昄依这一新的救赎之途提到人类文化的议事日程。

From a big number of lexical evidences carefully chosen from the metaphor corpus---metalude, which is built up by Andrew Goatly, this thesis studies lexicalized metaphors with the bottom-up method, offering a general frame of lexical metaphor in an answer to questions like how lexicalized metaphors are organized in an organic system, how lexicalized metaphors finally find their position in the dictionary, how they structure English lexicon and how lexicalized metaphors are represented in different word-classes.

首先阐明了词汇隐喻的定义，重要性及其语料库的研究价值，并从Andrew Goatly创建的英语隐喻语料库---metalude中选取大量词汇实例试图解答英语词汇隐喻构建英语词汇的途径，在此基础上进一步分析了词汇隐喻与名词，动词，及其它词类的关系。最后分别从英语词汇隐喻和一词多义，以及语义模糊的关系角度进一步论证了词汇隐喻在推动语言发展中的不可磨灭的作用。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。