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The dissertation considers that there is an inner relationship between various elements of e- ducology and a given culture, which produces"the culturalcharacter of educology". Educational problems have factual bases, but their nature should be considered as subjectivity, valuableness, and historicity, which distinguish educational problems from educational facts and related prob- lems of other disciplines. Besides having a logical feature of scientific concepts, the nature of edu- cational concepts should be considered as historicity, normativity, valuableness and expressivity. Educological activity is a kind of subjective activity. The subjects of educology are not only the subjects of knowledge, but also the subjects of value and practice. Educological works are products of their whole soul life, which embody their life and social ideals.

本文阐明，教育学活动的诸要素与一定的文化之间存在着内在的关联，具有文化特征，构成教育学的文化性格：教育问题有它客观的事实基础，但是教育问题的质是它的主观性、价值性、历史性，这是教育问题与教育事实以及相关学科问题的分界线；教育概念除了一般科学概念所具有的逻辑特性以外，在质上是一类历史性、规范性、价值性与表达性的概念；教育学活动是一种主体的活动，这种主体在活动中不仅是认识的主体，更是价值的主体和实践的主体，因此，教育学著作是他们整个心灵生活的结晶，体现着他们的人生和社会理想。

As a principal-agent mechanism is designed, if incentive for managers in an enterprise is considered the risk costs and agential costs of principal are smaller than that if not considered.

在设计企业的委托-代理激励合同时，若考虑了对经营者的激励，则政府的风险成本，代理成本均比没有考虑对经营者的激励时的要小。

As a principal-agent mechanism is desiged,if incentive for manager in a enterprise is considered then risk costs、agential costs of principal are smaller than incentive for manager in a enterprise if not considered.

在设计企业的委托代理机制时，若考虑了对经理的激励，则委托人的风险成本、代理成本都比没有考虑对经理的激励时要小。

The old Roman law established, for example, a fundamental difference between "Agnatic" and "Cognatic" relationship, that is, between the Family considered as based upon common subjection to patriarchal authority and the Family considered （in conformity with modern ideas） as united through the mere fact of a common descent.

例如，古罗马法规定在&宗亲&与&血亲&关系之间具有一种根本的区别，前者是指基于共同服从于同一家父权的&家族&，后者是指单单由于源自共同祖先的事实而结合起来的&家族&。

However, because nature as a category slips into different cultural forms, once when it involves what is the character of the human being and all things on earth, different culture has different answers only because the different suppose to the value of the culture and the ideal, the humanity in this side is exaggerated in the culture form, even being considered the only arche existence, so once a man living in reality manifests the humanity according with a certain value of culture and the ideal designed by man, he would be considered natural and authentic by the public who believe in it, otherwise, artificial and affected.

如上所述，每一种文化都是基于人性的某一方面而人为设定自己的文化价值和理想的，作为文化价值和理想，人性的这一方面在这一文化形态中当然被夸大了，甚至被认为是人性中的唯一的本真存在。这样一来，现实中的人一旦表现出与某一文化人为设定的文化价值和理想相符合的人性维面，就会被这一文化及其信奉这一文化的公众认为是自然的、真实的，反之则是做作的、不自然的。

As for beamless slabs with the same amount of prestressed reinforcement and non-prestressed reinforcement but different reinforcing ways, the bearing capacities are considered to be the same according to former experiment results. Based on this point, the arrangement of tendons is considered to be arbitrary by equivalent frame method as long an the amount of tendon is unchangeable.

对于仅预应力筋布置方式不同，而配有相同数量的预应力筋及非预应力钢筋的无梁板，以往的试验结果和理论分析揭示了它们具有相同的极限承载能力，很多人依据这一结论，认为只要保证了无粘结预应力筋的总量，其布置方案可以是任意的，因此采用等代框架法计算、设计预应力筋。

There are two stages: rough adjustment and careful adjustment. During rough adjustment: the laser optical axis is considered as the normal axis of measurement optical path, and the coaxal measurement system is established. During careful adjustment: the tilt coefficient of WYGO interferometer is considered as the adjustment standard to adjust the objective, so the actual result of the object surface quality is ensured.

调整分为粗调和精调两个阶段，在粗调阶段，以激光的光轴作为检测光路的基准光轴，建立起共轴光路检测系统；在精调阶段，以WYGO干涉仪内部倾斜系数作为调整依据，进行物镜的精调，从而保证检测结果反应真实的物镜面形质量。

This dissertation investigates the construction of pseudo-random sequences (pseudo-random numbers) from elliptic curves and mainly analyzes their cryptographic properties by using exponential sums over rational points along elliptic curves. The main results are as follows:(1) The uniform distribution of the elliptic curve linear congruential generator is discussed and the lower bound of its nonlinear complexity is given.(2) Two large families of binary sequences are constructed from elliptic curves. The well distribution measure and the correlation measure of order k of the resulting sequences are studied. The results indicate that they are "good" binary sequences which give a positive answer to a conjecture proposed by Goubin et al.(3) A kind of binary sequences from an elliptic curve and its twisted curves over a prime field F_p. The length of the sequences is 4p. The "1" and "0" occur almost the same times. The linear complexity is at least one-fourth the period.(4) The exponential sums over rational points along elliptic curves over ring Z_ are estimated and are used to estimate the well distribution measure and the correlation measure of order k of a family of binary sequences from elliptic curves over ring Z_.(5) The correlation of the elliptic curve power number generator is given. It is proved that the sequences produced by the elliptic curve quadratic generator are asymptotically uniformly distributed.(6) The uniform distribution of the elliptic curve subset sum generator is considered.(7) We apply the linear feedback shift register over elliptic curves to produce sequences with long periods. The distribution and the linear complexity of the resulting sequences are also considered.

本文研究利用椭圆曲线构造的伪随机序列，主要利用有限域上椭圆曲线有理点群的指数和估计讨论椭圆曲线序列的密码性质——分布、相关性、线性复杂度等，得到如下主要结果：(1)系统讨论椭圆曲线-线性同余序列的一致分布性质，即该类序列是渐近一致分布的，并给出了它的非线性复杂度下界；(2)讨论两类由椭圆曲线构造的二元序列的&良性&分布与高阶相关性(correlation of order κ)，这两类序列具有&优&的密码性质，也正面回答了Goubin等提出的公开问题；(3)利用椭圆曲线及其挠曲线构造一类二元序列，其周期为4p(其中椭圆曲线定义在有限域F_p上)，0-1分布基本平衡，线性复杂度至少为周期的四分之一；(4)讨论了剩余类环Z_上的椭圆曲线的有理点的分布估计，并用于分析一类由剩余类环Z_上椭圆曲线构造的二元序列的伪随机性；(5)讨论椭圆曲线-幂生成器序列的相关性及椭圆曲线-二次生成器序列的一致分布；(6)讨论椭圆曲线-子集和序列的一致分布；(7)讨论椭圆曲线上的线性反馈移位寄存器序列的分布，线性复杂度等性质。

In a seasonal epidemic, it can spread worldwide and lead to a huge impact on the economy and society. The global burden of inter-pandemic influenza may be on the order of 1 billion cases, including 3~5 million cases of severe illness and 300,000~500,000 deaths annually. Vaccination is considered the most effective and cost-effective method to lower the mortality and morbidity associated with influenza.The use of continuous cell lines for influenza virus antigen production can be considered an attractive alternative to embryonated chicken eggs for several reasons. Firstly, influenza viruses propagated in animal cells usually resemble the original isolate more closely than do viruses propagated in eggs.

流行性感冒是由流感病毒引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病，在季节性流行时，能在全世界迅速传播，造成大量的经济损失和社会危害，全世界每年约有10亿人口感染流感病毒，其中重症病例300～500万，死亡人数25～50万，免疫接种流感疫苗仍是最为有效和经济的方式。

Called glycolaldehyde , the sugar molecule is considered a life ingredient because it can react with a substance called propenal to form ribose , a central constituent of ribonucleic acid, which is similar to DNA and considered one of the central molecules in the origin of life .

由于乙醇醛可以与一种叫做丙烯醛的物质发生反应，然后形成核糖，而核糖是核糖核酸的重要组分，核糖核酸类似于脱氧核糖核酸，被认为是导致生命形成的重要分子。

You can do some assertiveness training.

你可以进行一些自信训练。

We were well on the path to making a rear-wheel-drive global platform," says Mays."

我们正致力于建立一个后轮驱动的平台，"Mays这样说道。"