查询词典 ice floating on a river during the spring thaw

Test results show that the shear strength parameters of the fly ash with high calcium oxide content can make a notable change due to pozzolanic action and frost and thaw cycles, but for the fly ash with low calcium oxide content this phenomenon is not very obvious,and the influence of the frost and thaw cycles can be neglected.

试验结果表明，高氧化钙含量的粉煤灰的强度指标受上述两种作用的影响显著；低氧化钙含量的粉煤灰的强度指标在凝硬作用下也有所提高，但基本不受冻融作用的影响；干贮粉煤灰的渗透系数受凝硬和冻融作用的影响较小。

Retrogressive erosion data of long-term monitoring in the typical thaw slumping indicates that expanding of the thaw slumping fluctuates along with the ground temperature's annual fluctuation, and expanding mostly takes place in 7~9 months. The maximal expanding appears at the direction of the slope tendency.

滑坡溯源侵蚀范围监测资料表明，滑塌范围的扩展随地温的周期变化波动进行，并主要集中在7~9月，最大扩展范围出现在沿坡体倾向方向。

According to measured data of ground temperature along QXH, the relationships among thermal thaw-erosion sensibility, freezing-thawing process, seasonally thawing depth and permafrost ground temperature, among permafrost temperature, mean annual ground temperature and seasonally thaw depth and among surface landscape stability, freezing-thawing hazards and their forming possibility are systemically analyzed.

通过青藏公路沿线实测资料，分析了冻土热融蚀敏感性与冻融过程、季节融化深度及多年冻土顶板温度关系；冻土热稳定性与多年冻土顶板温度、年平均地温及季节融化深度的关系；地表景观稳定性与冻融灾害之间的关系及产生的可能性。

Comparison results show that heat pipe work is not continuous but fluctuant in one work cycle about five months,its actual working time is two-thirds of one work cycle,the cooling effect of heat pipe subgrade in winter is obvious,which is good for the contained cool increase of soil body and improves subgrade heat stabilization,there is a decrease for its cooling strength with the increase of horizontal distance,its effective operating radius is 2.25 m,its maximum cooling strength is in evaporation segment in depth direction,which low the thaw sensitivity of permafrost in the seasonal thaw layer about permafrost table.

研究发现，热棒在约为5个月的工作周期内并非连续工作而呈波动式，实际工作时间为工作周期的2/3；热棒路基冬季降温效果明显，有利于路基土体冷储量增加，提高路基热稳定性；热棒在路基中的降温强度，水平方向随距离增大而衰减，有效作用半径为2.25 m，深度方向在热棒蒸发段最大，降低上限附近季节融化层冻土热融敏感性。

The heat insulation materials of the XPS of which decrease embankment height, thermal pipes setup in sun-facing side of embankment, crushed rock cover and shading board are used to adjust the subgrade damages caused by the thaw basin. Crushed rock-based embankment and both sides thermal pipes are used to adapted to subgrade damages caused by thaw-sandwich layer. The berms are adapted to subgrade damages caused by the frozen bulge.

针对融化盘偏移所引发的病害，提出可采用XPS板路基降低路基高度，或在阳坡一侧采用热棒路基、碎石护坡路基、遮阳板路基等工程措施进行治理；针对融化夹层所引发的病害，提出可采用片块石路基、双侧热棒路基进行治理；针对冻结核发育所引发的病害，提出可采用防水保温护道进行治理。

The subgrade damages are divided into two-types: high subgrade and low subgrade damages. High subgrade damages of which are related to the embankment height and slope directions maily include longitudinal cracks and subgrade cracks. The higher of the embankment height, the greater of the happening rate. The mechanisms of high subgrade damages formation are analyzed by the observed dates of soil temperature within the embankment and damages survey. In warm permafrost regions, the damages are mainly caused by the formation and development of the thaw bulb and thaw layer. In cold permafrost regions, the damages are mainly caused by frozen bulges.

围绕这些病害特征及形成过程，提出了将多年冻土区填土路基病害分为低路基病害与高路基病害，目前青藏公路路基的病害形式主要表现为以纵向裂缝与路基开裂为主的高路基病害，并提出了高路基病害与路基高度及坡向直接相关，路基高度越高，高路基病害发生的几率越大；通过对高路基地温观测数据的分析，并结合高路基病害的调查结果，研究得出了不同地温区高路基病害的形成机理，提出高温冻土区主要是由于融化盘与融化夹层的形成与发展所引起的，低温冻土区主要是由于冻结核的形成与发展所引起的。

Ice dam, ice cover and ice jam, which are formed by stack, jammed and collective ice, can increase river resistance and water stage, resulting in flood, construction damage and navigation problems.

冰块堆积，堵塞和聚集形成的冰坝、冰盖和冰塞会导致河道阻力增加，致使上游水位上涨，并可能造成冰期洪水，建筑物破坏，航运不畅等危害。

The design of the special-purpose 32-bit floating-point RISC chip is a major project of the National Defense Science and Industry Committee of China during the 9th 5-year-plan. This paper studies the design of the datapath in the chip, including low-power design techniques, the design of barrel shifter, adder, incrementer, fixedpoint and floating-point ALU, fixed-point and floating multiplier, and register bank.

本文以国防科工委"九五"期间重点课题专用32位浮点RISC为对象研究了该芯片的数据路径设计，其内容包括低功耗设计技术、桶式移位器、加法器与增值器、浮点算逻部件、定浮点乘法器、寄存器组等的设计等。

It is shown from the study results that (1) SSC has obvious neap-spring and seasonal variations with periods being 14.7 days and 368 days, respectively, on an average, SSC during the spring tide was 2.96 times as much as that during the neap tide, and SSC in winter was twice as much as that in summer;(2) correlation coefficient between daily SSC and tidal range on the same day in a mean neap-spring period of 15 days was 0.86, and correlation coefficients between tidal range and daily SSC with one day and two day lag were 0.99 and 0.93, respectively, which indicates that the effect of tidal range variation on SSC has a one day or two day hysteresis;(3) the monthly mean SSC was negatively correlated with the monthly mean water discharge at the Changjiang River Datong station, especially well with the water discharge with a lag of 19 days.

悬沙浓度具有显著的大、小潮和季节性变化，变化周期分别为14.7 d和368 d，平均而言，大潮为小潮的2.96倍，冬季为夏季的2倍；2）平均大、小潮半月周期中日悬沙浓度与同日潮差之间的相关系数为0.86，与前1日潮差之间的相关系数为0.99，与前2日潮差之间的相关系数为0.93，反映潮差变化对悬沙浓度的影响有1~2d的滞后效应；3）月均悬沙浓度与长江大通站的月均流量呈显著负相关，尤其与流量滞后19d的相关性最好。

According to structural characteristics of floating slab tracks, a track segment element was taken between two adjacent fasteners. For each element, rails were regarded as Euler beams supported by discrete viscoelastic supports. The fasteners and rubber supports were replaced by a linear spring and damp. So the vibration model of the floating slab track was established. In constructing vibration model of a metro train, each car of the metro train with two suspensions was modeled as a multi-rigid body system, in which rigid bodies were connected with each other by a linear spring and damp. Combining the potential energy of vertical vibration of the track with that of the metro train, the total potential energy of vertical vibration of the train and track was obtained. And then, the matrix equation of vertical vibration of the system was established using the principle of total potential energy with stationary value in elastic system dynamics and the "set-in-right-position" rule for formulating system matrices. The vibration responses of the system can be obtained by solving the matrix equation with the direct time integration such as Wilson-θ method.

摘 要：针对浮置板式轨道结构特点，取相邻2个扣件之间的轨道为1个轨段单元，钢轨视为连续弹性点支承Euler梁，浮置板视为弹性薄板，扣件系统及橡胶支座均模拟为线性弹簧及粘滞阻尼器，建立浮置板式轨道振动模型；将城轨列车中的车辆均离散为多刚体系统，各刚体之间通过线性弹簧及粘滞阻尼器相连，建立列车振动模型；将浮置板式轨道及列车振动势能叠加，得到系统竖向振动总势能；基于弹性系统动力学总势能不变值原理及形成系统矩阵的"对号入座"法则，建立此系统竖向振动矩阵方程；采用Wilson-θ逐步积分法求解此矩阵方程，得出此系统竖向振动响应。

Although translator has turned from being a crystal ball by which the original culture can unrestrainedly penetrate to another crystal ball by which the target culture can freely traverse, the translator's personal embodiment, in the process of cognitive act, are still absent in translation studies. Translators are still subjects without body or simply disembodied subjects.

译者虽然由原语文化可以自由穿透的玻璃球变成了译语文化可以自由穿越的玻璃球，但译者认知过程中的个体体验在翻译研究中依然缺席，译者依然仅仅是一个没有躯体体验的主体。

Chillingly, he claimed our technology is 'not nearly as sophisticated' as theirs and "had they been hostile", he warned 'we would be been gone by now'.

令人毛骨悚然的，他声称我们的技术是'并不那么复杂，像他们一样，和"如果他们敌意"，他警告说，'我们将现在已经过去了。