查询词典 hypothalamus

In the combined treatment of the craniopharyngiomas, it is very important to prevent the irradiation injury of the surrounding structures such as the optic nerve, chiasm, hypothalamus and vascular structures. In those structures, the optic nerve and chiasm are the most sensitive ones to the irradiation, and their ability to bear the irradiation is about 9 to 12 Gy. So if the irradiation dose is lower than 9Gy, the treatment will be safe. We have not found any report about the bearability and side effect of the hypothalamus related to the gamma knife radiosurgery.

在治疗过程中，预防病变周围的重要结构如视神经，视交叉，丘脑下部和血管结构的放射性副损伤是非常重要的，在这些重要结构中，视神经和视交叉对放射线最为敏感，其耐受能力约为9～ 12 Gy，因此如果对这些结构的放射剂量在9Gy以下，治疗将是安全的，目前尚无有关丘脑下部的耐受剂量和放射性损伤的文献报道。

Immunohistochemical localization of inhibin α-subunit in normal mature rats was carried out by using Strept Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex .The results showed that there was positive immunoreactivity of the McAb to inhibinα-subunit in heart ,kidney , spleen , lymph ,adrenal gland and pancreas cells. It indicated that inhibinα-subunit existed in the above tissues , But no positive sites were seen in hypothalamus, pituitary, lung and liver, that means they have no inhibinα-subunit. Compared with the ovariectomized rats, the hypothalamus and pituitary of the rats injected with inhibin-α fragment（1～32）showed an positive reaction, suggesting that inhibin α-subunit could pass through the blood-brain barrier .

用链霉亲和素-生物素-过氧化物酶(Strept Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex， SABC)免疫组织化学方法，以抑制素α亚基单克隆抗体对正常雌性性成熟大鼠各组织的抑制素α亚基进行定位观察，结果显示：⑴大鼠心脏、肾、脾、淋巴、肾上腺、胰腺均呈阳性反应，表明存在抑制素α亚基；下丘脑、垂体、肝脏和肺组织呈阴性反应，表明其不存在抑制素α亚基；⑵与去卵巢大鼠相比，外源注射抑制素α（1～32）片段的大鼠其下丘脑和垂体出现阳性反应，说明抑制素α亚基能通过血脑屏障。

In order to investigate the effect of IFN-γon the expression of TNF-αin the hypothala- mus-pituitary-ovary axisof RU486-induced aborted SD rats, RU486 was used to establish the abortion model, then the aborted rats were administrated with different doses of IFN-γintraperitoneal injection, the method of immunohistochemical ultrasensitive SP was us- ed to study the variation of positive TNF-αcells in hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary and uterus in normal pregnant group A, aborted model group B and three different doses of IFN-γgroup C,D,E. The main goal of this research was to study whether the low dose of IFN-γcould have a protective function to pregnancy and the mechanism of its function so as to provide morph- ologic basis for the scientific using of IFN-γin the process of animal abortion control.

为探讨IFN-γ对流产大鼠下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴(hypothalamus-pituitary- ovary-axis，HPOA )TNF-α表达的影响，本试验用米非司酮(RU486)建立SD大鼠流产模型，通过腹腔注射不同剂量IFN-γ，采用超敏感免疫组织化学SP法(链霉素抗生物素—过氧化物酶法)，观察了孕13天(d13)SD大鼠正常妊娠A组、流产模型B组、不同剂量IFN-γC、D、E组下丘脑、垂体、卵巢、子宫TNF-α的表达变化，探讨低剂量IFN-γ对妊娠是否有保护作用及其作用机制，期望能为在妊娠过程中如何科学应用IFN-γ防止动物流产提供形态学依据。

For example, prenatal fluoxetine exposure significantly altered the density of 5-HT transporters in subregions of the hypothalamus (dorsomedial nucleus,-21%; lateral hypothalamus,+21%), hippocampus (CA2,+47%; CA3,+38%), and amygdala (basolateral nucleus,+32%; medial nucleus,+44%) in prepubescent offspring.

比如，孕期氟西汀的使用显著地改变了青春期前后代大鼠的下列区域的5-羟色胺转运体密度：下丘脑（背内侧核，-21%，外侧下丘脑，+21%），海马（CA2，+47%；CA3，+38%）和杏仁核（底侧核，+32%，内侧核，+44%）。

After the termination of the model,kill the mouse,detect NPY and then see the content of NPY in the Hypothalamus of the mouse significantly lower.3.8g/kg(it is valid dose proved by pharmacodynamic experiment,about 9 times of human dose) of Shanzha Maiya granula and 13.6g/kg(15 times of human dose) of Decoction of Xiangsha six Mild Drugs can play a certain role in treating the animal model of child apositia resulting from leptin,fail to increase the animal\'s food-intake,but can increase its weight to some extent,Decoction of Xiangsha six Mild Drugs can increase the content of NPY in the Hypothalamus of the mouse.4.set up quality standard of qualitatively and quantitatively detecting Shanzha Maiya granula:detecting the content of aurantiamarin as a main component of Chenpi in Shanzha Maiya granula through the method of high performance liquid phase,qualitatively identifying Shanzha,Maiya,Chenpi through the method of plate chromatography.

造模结束处死大鼠，放射免疫法检测NPY，结果造模大鼠下丘脑NPY含量显著降低(正常组下丘脑NPY平均含量为22.2ng/ml，模型组下丘脑NPY平均含量为14.8ng/ml，P＜0.05)。3。山楂麦芽颗粒8g/kg(药效学实验有效剂量，临床用量的9倍)和香砂六君子汤13.6g/kg(临床用量的15倍)对侧脑室注射瘦素致厌食症大鼠有一定治疗作用，虽没有提高动物进食量，但在一定程度提高动物体重，其中香砂六君子汤能提高大鼠下丘脑NPY含量(模型组下丘脑NPY平均含量为14.8ng/mL，香砂六君子汤组NPY平均含量为20.3ng/mL，P＜0.05)。4。

A nucleus in the dorsal medial region of the hypothalamus just above the dorsomedial nucleus; bilateral lesions to this nucleus or to the fibers that project to it through the ventromedial hypothalamus produce overeating and obesity.

一位在下视丘背内侧区域的细胞核，恰好在背内侧核的上方；这个细胞核或纤维的双边损伤可藉由下视丘腹内侧所引发的过度进食以及肥胖而投射出来。

METHODS:The techniques of RT- PCR and Northern Blot were adopted to test the gene expression of OB- R and the radioimmunoassay was used to test the serum a nd hypothalamus leptin and insulin in order to observe the changes of serum lept in, insulin and lipide in simple obesity patients and the changes of weight,Lee' s index,somatic fat,the contents of serum and hypothalamus leptin and insulin as well as the expression of hypothalamus OB- R gene in obesity rats before and a fter acupuncture treatment.

采用RT-PCR和NorthernBlot技术测定瘦素受体基因表达水平，放射免疫分析测定血清和下丘脑瘦素和胰岛素的含量。

GnRH-ir fibers distribute in the various brain region from the olfactory bulb to the cerebellum. They are especially abundant in the hypothalamus, the preoptic area and the ventral telecephalon. The immunopositive reaction in precocious fish is evidently stronger than that in unprecocious fish, and there is only very weak reaction in the gonadal undeveloped fish. The differences are most obvious in the hypothalamus, but not in other areas.

性早熟大黄鱼的神经内分泌细胞对GnRH抗血清的免疫阳性反应明显，无论在细胞的数量和免疫强度都比未早熟鱼多和强，在性腺尚未发育的幼鱼脑中仅有弱的免疫阳性，这种差异在下丘脑外侧结节核及视前核处最为明显，在其它GnRH阳性部位则差异不显著。

The results were as follows: ET〓-RNA expression levels in hypothalamus, hippocampus and temporoparietal grey and white matters of the low and high speed injury groups were elevated significantly than that of control group (p＜0.05), but in the above areas of brain, ET〓-RNA expression in hypothalamus and hippocampus were the highest (p＜0.01), especially in the high speed injury group; ET〓 contents in hypothalamus and hippocampus in the two injury groups, especially in the high speed injury group, increased very significantly than that of control group (p＜ 0.01); ET〓 contents in CSF and plasma in the two injury groups, also especially in high speed injury group, increased markedly after 2 hours, and lasted for 8 hours after injury; ET〓 contents in the abovt areas of brain were of highly positive correlation with that in plasma or in CSF.

实验显示：致伤犬伤后海马、丘脑下部、颞顶叶灰、白质内皮素—1RNA表达较对照组显著增强（p＜0.01，p＜0.05），其中以海马和丘脑下部最显著（p＜0.01），高速组最明显（p＜0.01）；海马和丘脑下部ET〓含量较对照组显著升高（p＜0.01）；血浆、CSF中ET〓含量在伤后2h即极显著升高（p＜0.01），并持续至伤后8h，上述各组均以高速组最为显著（p＜0.01）；各脑区和血浆，CSF中ET〓含量间呈显著正相关。

Leptin receptors have been identified in neuropeptideY, Agouti-related peptide, proopiomelanocortin cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript containing neurons of the ventromedial and ventrolateral arcuate nucleus, respectively, and in melanin-concentrating hormone and hypocretin/orexin containing neurons of the lateral hypothalamus, suggesting that the above-mentioned messengers are mediators of leptin's action in the hypothalamus.

越来越多的证据表明Leptin是调节动物体内能量代谢的极其重要的上游调控因子，而且Leptin对动物的青春期发育，生殖器官发育和繁殖功能、妊娠、胚胎发育以及造血系统都有调节功能，是动物体内早期表达的重要功能基因。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。