查询词典 hypomanic

Depressed patients with bipolar features are both less likely to respond to antidepressants and more likely to have tolerability problems with these drugs, possibly because they elicit hypomanic symptoms such as agitation and sleep disturbance, said Dr. Sharma. What is less known is whether these bipolar features are subtle enough for clinicians to miss them if they are not careful.

Sharma博士指出，有双极特徵的忧郁症病患对於抗忧郁药物的反应可能比较不好，而且对这些药物较可能有耐受性的问题，可能是因为这些药物会造成轻躁性症状，例如躁动、睡眠障碍；目前仍不清楚双极性症状的病徵是否会使得临床医师忽略这个症状，如果他们不小心的话。

In manic and hypomanic cases, the afflicted person may engage in out of character behavior such as questionable business transactions, wasteful expenditures of money, risky sexual activity, recreational drug abuse, abnormal social interaction, or highly vocal arguments uncharacteristic of previous behaviors.

在躁狂和轻躁狂的情况下，受灾的人，可以从事诸如可疑的商业交易，资金浪费开支，危险性活动，娱乐性药物滥用，不正常的社会交往，或高度上的议论声如此异常的行为在他的性格行为。

The patient is currently manic, without psychotic symptoms (as in F30.1), and has had at least one other affective episode (hypomanic, manic, depressive, or mixed) in the past.

目前无精神病性症状之躁症(F30.1)，且过去至少有一次以上的其他情感障碍病发作（轻躁症、躁症、忧郁症或混合型发作）。

Bipolar II Disorder involves Major Depressive Episodes and Hypomanic Episodes. Since a significant portion of those suffering manic depression did not have full manic episodes, the classification was divided into Bipolar I and Bipolar II. However, Bipolar II is often a first step to Bipolar I. Over 5 years, between 5% and 15% of those will Bipolar II will change diagnosis to Bipolar I. Approximately 0.5% of people will develop Bipolar II in their lifetimes.

双极性二型包含重度忧郁症和轻躁症的症状由於有一大部份的躁郁症病人并没有完全的躁症症状，所以躁郁症要分为双极性一型和双极性二型然而，双极性二型常是双极性一型的第一步，经过五年，5% and 15%的双极性二型的病人会转变成双极性一型双极性二型的终生致病率大约为0.5

And switching criteria was following:(1) manic or hypomanic episode; or(2) promoting rapid cycling; or (3) YMRS≥11 or irritability or aggravation in YMRS ≥3.(4) Psychiatrist think that the patients should be stopped to take antidepressants and should be placed by mood stabilizer or antipsychotics or their combination.

其中转相标准是：（1）出现躁狂或轻躁狂；或者（2）原来的循环加快；或者（3）杨氏躁狂评定量表≥11分或者其中的易激惹和破坏攻击行为≥3分；（4）治疗医师认为应该停用抗抑郁药物而使用抗精神病药物或心境稳定剂。

The patient is currently depressed, as in a depressive episode of either mild or moderate severity (F32.0 or F32.1), and has had at least one authenticated hypomanic, manic, or mixed affective episode in the past.

目前有轻度(F32.0)或中度(F32.1)忧郁症，且过去至少有一次经证实的轻躁症或躁症或混合型情感发作。

The patient is currently depressed, as in severe depressive episode without psychotic symptoms (F32.2), and has had at least one authenticated hypomanic, manic, or mixed affective episode in the past.

目前无精神病性之重度郁期(F32.2)，且过去至少有一次轻躁症或躁症或混合型情感发作。

The patient is currently depressed, as in severe depressive episode with psychotic symptoms (F32.3), and has had at least one authenticated hypomanic, manic, or mixed affective episode in the past.

目前有精神病性之重度忧郁症发作(F32.3)，且过去至少有一次轻症躁症或躁症或混合型感发作。

Results showed that rapid cycling patients were more likely to be female, a fact more evident in bipolar I than bipolar II patients. Rapid cycling patients also showed a younger age of onset and a higher occurrence of depression at study entry. In the year prior to the study, the rapid cycling group showed poorer global functioning and a significantly greater rate of depressive and hypomanic/manic episodes. History of psychosis showed no correlation with rapid cycling but bipolar I patients were more likely to have symptoms of psychosis than bipolar II patients.

研究结果显示，快速循环病患以女性较多，而在两极I及两极II病患中更明显，快速循环病患发病年龄较轻，在研究期间较常出现忧郁症状，研究之前一年，快速循环组显示较低的整体功能，且有明显较高比例的忧郁及轻躁症/狂躁症，但是精神病史显示这与快速循环没有关系，但两极I比两极II病患更容易出现精神病症状。

Irritability, poor sleep, recklessness, medication noncompliance, and co morbid substance abuse increase the likelihood of suicide during hypomanic, manic, and mixed states.

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The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。