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The properties, preparation technique, characterization method, pillaring mechanism and applications of PILM were summarized, and some questions (including thermal stability, and hydro-thermal stability, and pore structure et al) about PILM were pointed out in this paper.

本文首先概述了PILM物化性能、制备技术、表征方法、柱化机理及其应用领域等方面的研究进展，指出了PILM研究中存在的问题(热稳定性，水热稳定性和孔结构等)。

Pillared montmorillonite, as a representative of Sandwich like pillared interlayered clays ,caught many scientist"s attention not only because of its special structure of two-dimensional sheets but also its excellent activity of catalysis and adsorption. It is well documented that the method to prepare PILM, ion-exchanging, needed a long periods and was affected by many factors, and that the product had low thermal stability especially hydro-thermal stability which was the primary obstruction of its using in large-scale production. At the same time, PILM was well documented prepared with Na-montmorillonite, while there were a few documents about PILM prepared with Ca-montmorillonite. The large cost of remodel of Ca-montmorillonite to Na-montmorillonite was another obstacle of the application of PILM, while Ca-montmorillonite was widely distributed in nature, as a result, to prepare PILM with Ca-montmorillonite has practical significance. What"s more, PILM was mainly studied as a catalyst in oil refining process till now, but rarely documented in other catalysis reactions, especially in coal liquification filed which also needed high activity catalyst.

以柱撑蒙脱石为代表的具有&三明治&结构的柱撑粘土矿物因其特殊的二维孔道结构和优良的催化和吸附性能近年来成为国内外广泛关注和研究的热点，但是目前国内外大量报道的PILM制备大多采用离子交换法，生产周期很长，影响因素很多，并且产物热稳定性不够高，特别是水热稳定性较差，这是其不能在实际中大规模生产和应用的主要障碍，因此制备一种高稳定性的PILM意义非常；文献中大量报道的都是钠基蒙脱石合成的柱撑粘土矿物，传统的离子交换法必须将钙基蒙脱石钠化改型，其成本相当高，而自然界中大量存在的却是钙基蒙脱石，直接用钙基蒙脱石合成柱撑粘土矿物有很现实的意义，但目前这方面的报道却很少见；另外，迄今为止，PILM作为催化剂的研究领域主要在石油的炼制中应用，而在煤炭的液化中却鲜有报道，如果能在煤炭转化领域应用这一成果，其影响也将是相当大的。

Pillared montmorillonite, as a representative of Sandwich like pillared interlayered clays ,caught many scientist's attention not only because of its special structure of two-dimensional sheets but also its excellent activity of catalysis and adsorption. It is well documented that the method to prepare PILM, ion-exchanging, needed a long periods and was affected by many factors, and that the product had low thermal stability especially hydro-thermal stability which was the primary obstruction of its using in large-scale production. At the same time, PILM was well documented prepared with Na-montmorillonite, while there were a few documents about PILM prepared with Ca-montmorillonite. The large cost of remodel of Ca-montmorillonite to Na-montmorillonite was another obstacle of the application of PILM, while Ca-montmorillonite was widely distributed in nature, as a result, to prepare PILM with Ca-montmorillonite has practical significance. What's more, PILM was mainly studied as a catalyst in oil refinin g process till now, but rarely documented in other catalysis reactions, especially in coal liquification filed which also needed high activity catalyst.

以柱撑蒙脱石为代表的具有&三明治&结构的柱撑粘土矿物因其特殊的二维孔道结构和优良的催化和吸附性能近年来成为国内外广泛关注和研究的热点，但是目前国内外大量报道的PILM制备大多采用离子交换法，生产周期很长，影响因素很多，并且产物热稳定性不够高，特别是水热稳定性较差，这是其不能在实际中大规模生产和应用的主要障碍，因此制备一种高稳定性的PILM意义非常；文献中大量报道的都是钠基蒙脱石合成的柱撑粘土矿物，传统的离子交换法必须将钙基蒙脱石钠化改型，其成本相当高，而自然界中大量存在的却是钙基蒙脱石，直接用钙基蒙脱石合成柱撑粘土矿物有很现实的意义，但目前这方面的报道却很少见；另外，迄今为止，PILM作为催化剂的研究领域主要在石油的炼制中应用，而在煤炭的液化中却鲜有报道，如果能在煤炭转化领域应用这一成果，其影响也将是相当大的。

To help things along, Alcan is also getting a 225 megawatt block of power from provincially owned utility Hydro-Quebec at a preferential rate reserved for large industrial users.

为了推动项目开展，加拿大铝业公司已同当地海德鲁-魁北克电力公司达成协议，以优惠的价格购得225兆瓦的电力。

The products of Resmax Hydro Regenesis Series are ecotype cosmetics skincare products,whose technology is all provided by France Resmax International Corparation. It matches the national standards inspected by US federal authoratitave institution, and was approved to sell in US.

若诗曼水润护肤系列产品是由法国若诗曼国际有限公司提供全部技术、通过美国联邦权威机构检测符合国际标准、并获准在美国销售的生态型美容护肤品。

The products of Resmax Hydro Regenesis Series are ecotype cosmetics skincare productswhose technology is all provided by France Resmax International Corparation. It matches the national standards inspected by US federal authoratitave institution and was approved to sell in US.

若诗曼水润护肤系列产品是由法国若诗曼国际有限公司提供全部技术、通过美国联邦权威机构检测符合国际标准、并获准在美国销售的生态型美容护肤品。

The initial stress field of surrounding rocks of shaft is regressively analyzed by 3D finite element method according to in-situ measured data by hydro-fracturing and distribution properties of in-situ stress.

根据竖井围岩地应力场和Kirsch解得到的围岩二次应力场，结合Russenes和陶振宇岩爆判据，进行了竖井岩爆综合预测和分析，得出竖井有轻微和中等岩爆发生的结论，并提出岩爆防治措施。

According to an partial survey,95%of the de-sulfurizing equipments take the approach of hydro-de sulfurization , which is relatively efficient at disposing SO2 in the smoke and gas ,but this method is so futile at disposing SO3,the major corrosive parts in the smoke and gas, that only 20%of SO3 can be got rid of .

据不完全调查，我国有95%的脱硫装置采用湿法脱硫，湿法脱硫工艺对烟气中的SO2脱除效率较高，但对造成烟气腐蚀的主要成份SO3脱除效率并不高，仅20%左右。

Through simulated soil dynamic submergence in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region,four different kinds of water treatment were applied to examine the mechanism of the nutrient changes in soils of Taxodium distichum seedlings.

三峡库区消落带土壤淹水的周期性常年变化，势必影响到土壤营养元素含量、土壤肥力、土壤理化性质等土壤特性的变化(Ponnamperuma，1972；李其林等，2004；杨刚，2004)，但土壤营养元素含量的影响是导致土壤其他特性发生相应变化的根本原因之一(金为民，2003；岳庆玲等，2007)。

The contents of different forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in different sites were mainly influenced by terrigenous inputs, sediment grain size and hydro-dynamics.

表层沉积物中总磷的含量平均值为455.94mg/kg；有机磷占总磷含量的39.41%，平均含量为179.69mg/kg；铁结合磷和铝结合磷平均含量为94.97mg/kg。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。