查询词典 historical materials

On the basis of a systematic collection and analysis of historical materials,the disserta-tion probes into the early appearance of a new mode of commercial legislative thinking in Chi-nese feudal society,the establishment of legal framework by western powers to serve fortheir economic invasion,the legal crisis in the development of Chinese national bourgeoise,the evolution of the commercial legislative thinking of Chinese national bourgeoisie,thecause,process and majar content of establishing commercial legislation by the Qing Dynasty,the Northern warlord and the ruling clique of Kuomingdang,as well as the ideological reasonwhy the Chinese commercial legislation between 1840 and 1930 failed to provide a effectivelegal framework for the modernization of Chinese economy.

本文在系统收集和整理史料的基础上，对中国封建社会内部出现的新型商事立法思想的萌芽，西方列强在华建立服务于其经济侵略的法律框架的活动，民族资产阶级在发展中所遇到的法律危机，民族资产阶级商事立法思想的发展过程（特别是其在清末、民初的发展），清政府、北洋军阀和国民党统治集团制定商法的原因、过程、主要内容，中国1840—1949年间商事立法不能为中国经济现代化提供完备、成熟、有效的制度基础的思想方面的原因等问题进行了尝试性的探索。

However, few people paid attention to the cannon-shot. The author utilized the historical materials from China and abroad, separated the false materials from true ones, and made an estimation that the effective cannon-shot was about 500 meters, and the largest range was within 1, 500 meters.

但是，它的射程问题东西双方历来少有人问津，现根据古今中外有关佛郎机火炮研究的史料，对其作去伪存真的分析，推断出其有效射程为1华里左右，最大射程在3华里之内。

Taking as research method, field work as "the special skill" of the ethnology, also no doubt is the important research method of this article. Gaining the first material through different forms of visiting, talking,investigation and so on, has made the historical materials and field work double win. The historical literature is the direct foundation of tracing the nationality source and studying with textual. The history data of local chronicle, history book, genealogy, genealogy, etc. can make field date and literature date bring out the best in each other.

从研究方法而言，田野调查作为民族学的"看家本领"，无疑也是本文的重要研究方法，通过访谈、调查、走访等不同形式获取的第一手资料奠定了材料和立论的可信度；历史文献是追溯族源、考究历史的直接依据，地方志、史书、(来源：A4acaBC论文网www.abclunwen.com)族谱、家乘等史料使得田野资料和文献资料相得益彰；对白族的任何研究，如果脱离它与大理白族的联系孤立开展，将带有很大的局限性，因此联系的观点和比较的方法也是本文的重要方法。

The research was confined to the collection and sort of historical materials, publicity and presentation of slogans, the writing skills impartment of slogans, criticism and correction of improper slogans in the research field. Since the 21 century, there have been few domestic research on slogans carried out. Thus, in recent years, academic circle is lack of the relevant materials and research on slogans.

其研究领域主要局限于历史资料的收集整理、标语口号的宣传介绍、标语口号的写作技巧传授、不良标语口号的批评指正等方面。21世纪以来，国内对标语口号的研究陷入沉寂，学术界缺乏近几年来户外标语与口号的相关资料与研究。

The paper seriatim researches these books,which mailnly treats of how to distinguish between the first-hand historical materials and the second-hand ones,and how to judge of their historical values ,intents to acquire a right cognition about the basal historical materials of Kumoxi.

如何鉴别这些史书中的第一手与第二手史料，并评价它们的史料价值，本文对诸家史书的相关记载一一予以考辨，力求对库莫奚的基本史料获得一个正确公允的认识。

They had been hiding and acting in Tibet and areas around for as long as seven years. This paper, making use of firsthand historical materials, makes a detailed watch on their secret skulk into Tibet and their activities and reveals quiet a few hardly-known historical facts, which helps the researc...

本文利用不少第一手史料，对二人秘密潜入西藏的经过及其活动做了比较详细的考察，披露了不少鲜为人知的史实，这不仅有助于我们对西藏现代史的研究，而且对我们认识历史上日本对我国西藏的渗透活动有所裨益。

China has compiled and published hundreds of Tibetology monographs, including A Comprehensive History of Tibet, A Historically Produced Unity, Historical Documents of Tubo Kept in Dunhuang, and Artistic Exchanges between Tibetans and Han Chinese in the Yuan Dynasty; edited and published over 400 Chinese-language collections of historical documents on Tibet, such as Old and New Tang Books - Historical Materials in Tibetan, The Ming-dynasty Records - Historical Materials in Tibetan, and The Qing-dynasty Records - Historical Materials in Tibetan, more than 70 collections of ancient Tibetan documents, including The Collected Works of Sakya Pandita Kunga Gyaltsen and The Collected Works of Tonpa Sherab, as well as more than 24,000 papers on Tibetology published in various newspapers and magazines.

据不完全统计，国内已编写出版《西藏通史--松石宝串》、《历史造就的统一体》、《敦煌吐蕃历史文书》、《元代汉藏艺术交流》等研究著作数百部，编辑出版《新旧唐书藏文史料》、《明实录藏族史料》、《清实录藏族史料》等藏事汉文文献丛书400多种，整理出版了《萨班贡嘎坚赞全集》、《敦巴西饶全集》等70多部藏文古籍文献，在各类报刊发表藏学研究论文2.4万多篇。

This article, based on the achievements of predecessors, with historical materialism as guiding principle, through excavating some related historical materials, combining research on whole with part, probes deeply into the emerging, development, upsurging, outcomings of the revolution in Jiangsu region.

本文在充分吸收前人研究成果的基础上，以历史唯物主义为指导，通过充分挖掘极其分散的相关历史资料，运用整体研究与个案研究相结合的方法，以时间为经，以事件为纬，系统地探讨了江苏辛亥革命发生、发展、高涨以及走向失败的历史进程，总结了历史经验教训。

According to the author statistics shows that nearly 2000 poems about string instrument of Tang Dynasty in "" The Whole Poetry of Tang Dynasty "", it had reflected all respects of artistic development of string instrument of Tang Dynasty, embody a poet in the Tang Dynasty from describing that kinds of spiritual idea making the poet profound and expresse in the poem of the string instrument in Tang Dynasty, the classical, outstanding poems of the string instrument of Tang Dynasty,the description have worthful historical data value and aesthstic value, it is the rare important wealth on Chinese string instrument art and literature development history, it promote the development of string instrument art after Tang Dynasty, these 2000 poems of string instrument describe the study of Tang Dynasty and give us a lot of artistic value of written historical materials in Tang Dynasty.

据笔者统计：在《全唐诗》中约有2000多首描写唐代拨弦乐器的诗作，在这些诗作中集中体现了唐代拨弦乐器艺术发展的各个方面，从描写唐代拨弦乐器的诗作中折射出唐代诗人抒发的那种令人深邃的精神理念，这些经典、优秀的描写唐代拨弦乐器的诗作具有宝贵的史料价值和美学价值，是中国拨弦乐器艺术与文学发展史上不可多得的重要财富，对唐代以后拨弦乐器艺术的发展，产生了积极影响。这2000多首描写唐代拨弦乐器的诗作，是研究唐代拨弦乐器艺术价值的珍贵文字资料。

Mao Tongqiang has inherited such aesthetics. His difference lies in the fact that he has re-collected historical materials. Moreover, he has also changed their original shapes: historical figures and commoners are treated alike, their images obscured by an unconscious stream. When the spectators wish to observe them carefully, the artist says that the authentic images of these characters are not important.

毛同强继承了这样的美学，所不同的是，他重新收集了历史的素材，可是，他改变了这些素材的原初模样：历史人物与普通人被同样对待，他们的形象被无意识的流淌给遮蔽了，当观众想认真观察他们的时候，艺术家说：这些形象的真实摸样并不重要。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。