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Compareing with the zonal wind at 30 hPa and 50 hPa, the new index shows its excellent performance with the closer association of variation in the new index with the equational temperature in stratosphere.

另外新的指数相对于比较常用的单层的30 hPa和50 hPa纬向风能够更加好的反映出平流层中低层以及平流层高层的温度的变化。

It is based on the method of modeling mobile voice channel and system identification is made so that the waveform samples are designed in frequency domain with less signal distortion.Then the waveform codebook is gotten by a genetic algorithm which has the maximum Euclidean distance.Thus,the modulation and demodulation are equivalent to the mapping from index to waveforms and from waveforms to index.

提出了对移动话音业务信道建模的思想，通过系统辨识获得模型的频率响应特性，在波形畸变较小的频带范围设计波形频谱，采用遗传算法在时域样本空间全局寻优获得欧几里德距离最大的波形码本，通过码本索引值和波形矢量的映射和解映射来实现数据的调制和解调。

As steady error coefficient is an important index in measuring system error, it is introduced into the performance index set. A solution of satisfactory biased estimation strategy is proposed by assuming that the maneuver of target is finite, which can ensure the accuracy and stability of the estimation output.

稳态误差系数是衡量系统误差的一个重要指标，于是本文将估计系统的动态误差系数纳入多指标约束，借助满意估计理论，在假定目标机动强度有限的前提下，给出了可兼顾滤波输出精度和平稳性要求的满意有偏滤波器的设计方法。

At the same time we brought forward a simulation of the forward collision warning model with 29dof vehicle model developed by State Key Laboratory of Automobile Dynamic Simulation of JiLin University, simulation showed that the model realized the expecting request. 3、It is the membership function of evaluation index that caused flat effect of some certain index and also because of truncation error of computer that the model can not identify relative safety of safe points and unsafe points.

在对驾驶员最优预瞄加速度模型的研究过程中，发现原有模型模糊决策环节的四个评价指标中由于部分指标采用了分段函数作为隶属函数而导致评价指标的平台效应，进而影响到相对接近度指数出现平台效应，又由于计算机截断误差的存在，导致相对接近度指数无法分辨绝对安全点的相对安全性和绝对危险点的相对安全性。

Methods OSAHS patients with and without erythrocytosis were 1∶3 matched in age, sex, the apnea/ventilation index,weigh index and diagnostic time.

收集 1 995年 1月至 2 0 0 2年 1 2月门诊及住院的OSAHS患者的资料，红细胞增多症病例组与无红细胞增多症对照组按年龄、性别、体质指数及就诊时间行 1∶3匹配。

Through calculating the stabilization reliability index of steel members under compressive axial loads based on Euler formula considering initial bend and initial deflection, it finds that reliability index of steel members considering initial disfigurement is smaller than the steel members regardless of initial disfigurement.

本文通过分析考虑初弯曲的基于欧拉公式的轴向受压钢构件的稳定可靠性指标和考虑

Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou evenness index were used to compare and check the feasibility of rarefaction in practice.

多样性指数之间的比较，需要样方的面积大小相等，否则没有实际意义。

The Shannon-weiner index of diversity , evenness index , and ecological dominance of the community are 3130 , 0143 and 0107 , respectively.

群落的多样性指数(Shannon2wiener 指数)为3130 ，均匀性指数为0143 ，生态优势度为0107。

The journal is abstracted and indexed in Current Contents/Clinical Medicine, Excerpta Medica/EMBASE, Index Medicus/MEDLINE, and Science Citation Index Expanded.

该杂志是抽象和索引当前目录/临床医学，医学文摘/文摘，医学索引/检索和科学引文索引扩大。

There are totally five chapters in the paper. Chapter 1 is the introduc-tion,and extreme value theory and methods and modelling for returns fat tails are introduced systematically in Chapter 2.This chapter also presents mean excess function and de Haan's moment estimate to decide on the reasonable exceedance threshold. Chapter 3 describes in detail non-linear time series mod-els such as GARCH models and the corresponding statistical inferences,and it also gives modelling and statistical analysis methods for returns series. Chap-ter 4 uses the models in Chapter 2 to analyzes the daily returns for Shanghai complex index and Shenzhen complex index in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets. Chapter 5 applies the models in Chapter 3 to the volatility analysis of the two stock indices returns.

论文总共五章：第一章是引言部分；第二章系统介绍了极值理论方法和收益率厚尾的建模方法，给出了平均剩余函数法和de Haan矩估计相结合的方法确定合理的超越门限；第三章详细论述了非线性时间序列模型GARCH类模型及其统计推断，并且给出了收益率时间序列波动的建模和统计分析方法；第四章利用第二章的模型对国内沪深两市大盘指数上证综指和深证综指日收益率数据分布的厚尾进行了实证分析；第五章将第三章的模型应用到两个股指日收益率时间序列的波动分析。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48