查询词典 heat exchange

Article in the equilibrium exchange rate impact on economic growth based on knot theory, a balanced exchange rate of China's double the current international balance of payments surplus, foreign exchange reserves surge in economic conditions of the external imbalance, analysis of the situation of the impact on China's economy, and the equilibrium exchange rate adjust the direction of the proposals put forward.

文章最后在均衡汇率对经济增长影响的理论基础上结，合均衡汇率实现我国目前国际收支双顺差、外汇储备激增的外部失衡经济状况，分析该状况对我国经济的影响，并对均衡汇率的调整方向提出相应的建议。

The economic exchange is in the controlling position in this kind of labour exchange, and the social exchange is based on the economic exchange.

经济交换在这种劳动交换中占主导地位，社会交换是建立在经济交换的基础之上的。

It's whole content is mainly about the following seven questions:the definition of "fair value",the entry price of the asset received in non-monetary transactions,the formula of judge in non-monetary transactions,the question of whether the exchange of the labour service could be listed in the range of non-monetary transactions,the standard to judge the asset-held-for-sales and assets-not-held-for-sales,the rationality of the unfulfilled exchange of dissimilar non-monetary assets is regarded as the exchange of similar, the rationality of non-monetary transactions related to several assets is regarded as exchange of similar.

全篇主要讨论了"公允价值"的定义，非货币性交易中换入资产的入帐价值，非货币性交易判别公式，劳务交换是否可以纳入非货币性交易范畴，待售资产与非待售资产的判定，未实现最终交换目的的不同类交换视为同类交换是否合理，涉及多项资产的非货币性交易均视为同类交换其合理性等七个问题。

In the chiral SU(3) quark model, we use the coupling between quarks and nonet scalar meson fields and nonet pseudo-scalar meson fields to describe the medium and long range interactions, and use one gluon exchange to describe the short range interaction. In the extended chiral SU(3) quark model, besides the nonet pseudo-scalar meson fields and the nonet scalar meson fields, the coupling between vector meson fields and quarks is also considered, the short range interaction can be dominately described by vector meson exchange. We investigate the nucleon-hyperon interaction in the extended chiral SU(3) quark model and study the S-wave phase shifts of N-Λ and N-Σ systems. Comparing to the results in chiral SU(3) quark model, we find that the short-range interaction could be described either by the one-gluon exchange or vector meson exchange.

在手征SU(3)夸克模型中，用夸克与标量介子九重态和赝标介子九重态场的耦合来描述中长程相互作用，单胶子交换来描述短程相互作用，推广的手征SU(3)夸克模型是在原来手征SU(3)夸克模型的基础上进一步引入了夸克和矢量介子九重态场的耦合，主要由矢量介子交换来描述短程相互作用，在推广手征SU(3)夸克模型下研究了核子－超子相互作用过程，计算了N-Λ和N-Σ相互作用的S波散射相移，通过和手征SU(3)夸克模型的结果比较，发现N-Λ和N-Σ系统的短程相互作用既可以由单胶子交换来描述，也可以由矢量介子交换来描述。

If two parties want to sign a contract C over a communication network, they must "simultaneously" exchange their commitments to C Since simultaneous exchange is usually impossible in practice, protocols are needed to approximate simultaneity by exchange partial commitments in a piece by piece manner The party of secondly sending commitments may have a slight advantage; a "fair" protocol must keep this advantage within acceptable limits The protocol for signing a contract is improved based on the research result of secure multiparty computation In this protocol, the parties obliviously transfer the signed bit and the committed bit; the other parties can prove the validity of this bit based on the confirming sub protocol, but he can't gain more information about the whole signature by accumulating the signed bit or the committed bit After the parties exchange the whole signed information, they declare the commitment about the signature respectively, and gain the whole signature of the other party At this moment, the party doesn't care about the advance quit of the other party, because he has gained the whole signed information Finally, it is proved that this protocol is quit fairness

作者中文名：曲亚东；侯紫峰；韦卫摘要：在网络环境中解决合同签订问题需要保证信息交换的同时性，以前提出的协议都会给第2个发送者部分计算特权，利用不经意传输协议则可以解决这个问题。在协议执行过程中，参与者将合同的签名位以及他对签名位的承诺不经意传输给对方，对方可以利用验证子协议证明该位的有效性，但是他却不能通过位交换次数的增加获取更多的完整签名的信息；在完成签名位的交换之后，参与者分别宣布承诺，并得到对方对合同的完整签名；在宣布承诺时，协议参与者已经获得全部的签名内容，要么是签名位，要么是对方对该位的承诺，因此参与者并不需要担心对方提前终止协议。在文章的最后利用多方安全计算的结论证明了该协议满足终止公平性。

If two parties want to sign a contract C over a communication network, they must "simultaneously" exchange their commitments to C Since simultaneous exchange is usually impossible in practice, protocols are needed to approximate simultaneity by exchange partial commitments in a piece by piece manner The party of secondly sending commitments may have a slight advantage; a "fair" protocol must keep this advantage within acceptable limits The protocol for signing a contract is improved based on the research result of secure multiparty computation In this protocol, the parties obliviously transfer the signed bit and the committed bit; the other parties can prove the validity of this bit based on the confirming sub protocol, but he cant gain more information about the whole signature by accumulating the signed bit or the committed bit After the parties exchange the whole signed information, they declare the commitment about the signature respectively, and gain the whole signature of the other party At this moment, the party doesnt care about the advance quit of the other party, because he has gained the whole signed information Finally, it is proved that this protocol is quit fairness

在网络环境中解决合同签订问题需要保证信息交换的同时性，以前提出的协议都会给第 2个发送者部分计算特权，利用不经意传输协议则可以解决这个问题在协议执行过程中，参与者将合同的签名位以及他对签名位的承诺不经意传输给对方，对方可以利用验证子协议证明该位的有效性，但是他却不能通过位交换次数的增加获取更多的完整签名的信息；在完成签名位的交换之后，参与者分别宣布承诺，并得到对方对合同的完整签名；在宣布承诺时，协议参与者已经获得全部的签名内容，要么是签名位，要么是对方对该位的承诺，因此参与者并不需要担心对方提前终止协议在文章的最后利用多方安全计算的结论证明了该协议满足终止公平性1 引言两个参与者A和B想要通过网络协商签订合同C 为了保证公平性，参与者必须同时交换自己对合同的签名，然而在实际的网络环境中，想要完全同时地交换对合同的签名是不可能的，他们必须将签名分成若干块依次地执行，以保证大致的同时性但是这种方法依然存在着问题

There are some isoforms of PAPs showing inhibitory ability to virus infection in various organs and at different stages of development. Three different species of the protein can be isolated from leaves of pokeweed. Proteins were precipitated with 50-80% ammonium sulfate from leaves in spring, summer and autumn respectively. Proteins were purified on SP cation-exchange then on MQ anion-exchange and finally on MS cation-exchange or on MQ anion-exchange. We found that some new pokeweed antiviral proteins separated from these leaves were different from PAP, PAPII and PAPIII.

对美洲商陆春季、夏季、秋季采集的叶片，用50-80％饱和度硫酸铵沉淀出来的蛋白样品，经过SP阳离子柱后，上MQ阴离子柱，然后把活性蛋白峰再上MS阳离子柱或MQ阴离子柱分离，从春季叶片中分离出四个不同的抗病毒蛋白峰；从夏季叶片中分离出二个不同的抗病毒蛋白峰，这两个蛋白峰与春季叶片中分离出的活性蛋白峰都能重叠上；但从秋季叶片中只分离出来一个抗病毒蛋白峰，它和春季、夏季叶片中分离出的活性蛋白峰都重叠不上。

There are some isoforms of PAPs showing inhibitory ability to virus infection in various organs and at different stages of development. Three different species of the protein can be isolated from leaves of pokeweed (PAP, PAPⅡ and PAPⅢ). Proteins were precipitated with 50-80% ammonium sulfate from leaves in spring, summer and autumn respectively. Proteins were purified on SP cation-exchange then on MQ anion-exchange and finally on MS cation-exchange or on MQ anion-exchange. We found that some new pokeweed antiviral proteins separated from these leaves were different from PAP, PAPⅡ and PAPⅢ.

对美洲商陆春季、夏季、秋季采集的叶片，用50-80％饱和度硫酸铵沉淀出来的蛋白样品，经过SP阳离子柱后，上MQ阴离子柱，然后把活性蛋白峰再上MS阳离子柱或MQ阴离子柱分离，从春季叶片中分离出四个不同的抗病毒蛋白峰；从夏季叶片中分离出二个不同的抗病毒蛋白峰，这两个蛋白峰与春季叶片中分离出的活性蛋白峰都能重叠上；但从秋季叶片中只分离出来一个抗病毒蛋白峰，它和春季、夏季叶片中分离出的活性蛋白峰都重叠不上。

Foreign exchange reserve plays an important role in balancing income and payments,stabling foreign exchange and repaying external debts. However,excessive foreign exchange reserve not only idling foreign exchange reserve resource and increases opportunity cost, but also affect the independence and effectiveness of the monetary policy ,decreases social's economical efficiency.

外汇储备在平衡国际收支、稳定汇率和偿还外债中发挥着重要的作用，然而过量的外汇储备会造成外汇资源闲置和机会成本的上升，还会影响货币政策的独立性和有效性，降低社会的经济效率。

Recently, the valuation of RMB becomes a hot topic in economics both domestically and internationally. This paper discusses about the selection of various currency exchange regimes and their future goals and prospects. The analysis starts from the introduction of the theory of exchange rates and the relevant economic factors that affect exchange rates. The analysis is based on the following theories: the theory of macro-stabilization policy in open economy, the Mundell-Fleming model, originated by Professor Robert A Mundell of the Department of Economics Columbia University, who also founded the theory of the optimum currency areas; another theory is the Trilemma by Paul Krugman. It is concluded that the current stable exchange regime serves as an important guarantee for the fast economic development in China.

面对"人民币是否应该升值"这个国内外经济界讨论的热点，本文从汇率决定理论及影响汇率制度的相关经济因素出发，引用了最优货币区域理论的首创者、美国哥伦比亚大学经济系教授罗伯特·A·蒙代尔的开放条件下宏观稳定政策的理论"蒙代尔—弗莱明模型"以及克鲁格曼的"三元悖论"等理论来探讨人民币汇率制度的选择及未来汇率体制的发展目标和前景，明确了目前稳定的人民币汇率体制是促进我国经济高速发展的重要保证。

More direct, directer ; most direct, directest

径直的，笔直的

Do you know how to use a chain saw?

你知道如何使用链锯吗？